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Abstrak :
Tungau debu rumah (TDR) adalah salah satu sumber alergen yang paling umum. Sensitisasinya dapat menyebabkan asma. Alergen TDR kelompok 1 adalah alergen kuat anggota keluarga protease sistein yang mampu mengaktifkan alergen lain: kelompok 3, 6, dan 9 yang memiliki aktivitas protease serin. Aktivitas proteolitik terlibat dalam etiologi asma melalui meningkatkan permeabilitas sel epitel saluran napas yang memungkinkan alergen tersebut bersama alergen lain melewati sel epitel dengan memotong protein antar sel. Tubuh manusia memiliki inhibitor protease seperti alpha-1 antitripsin (AAT) merupakan antiprotease serin dan sistatin C merupakan antiprotease sistein. AAT diketahui juga merupakan protein fase aktif positif yang terlibat dalam mekanisme resolusi inflamasi. Sistatin C secara signifikan berhubungan dengan beberapa marker inflamasi seperti protein C-reaktif, IL-6, dan TNF-α. Penelitian kami bertujuan mengetahui keadaan AAT dan sistatin C serum pasien asma TDR. Sebuah studi potong lintang dari 10 pasien asma TDR dan 10 subjek sehat dilakukan. Aktivitas penghambatan AAT dan sistatin C serum diukur dengan uji enzimatik. Konsentrasi AAT dan sistatin C serum diukur dengan metode ELISA. Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada aktivitas penghambatan AAT serum (p=0,445, p>0,05), konsentrasi AAT (p=0,290, p>0,05), dan konsentrasi sistatin C (p=0,290, p>0,05). Aktivitas penghambatan sistatin C serum pada pasien asma secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada subjek sehat (p=0,001, p<0,05). Tidak ada korelasi antara aktivitas penghambatan AAT dan konsentrasi AAT atau korelasi antara aktivitas penghambatan sistatin C dan konsentrasi sistatin C yang diamati. Aktivitas sistatin C pada asma TDR signifikan lebih tinggi daripada subjek sehat. Sedangkan, aktivitas AAT, konsentrasi AAT, dan sistatin C pada pasien asma TDR tinggi tidak signifikan daripada subjek sehat. ......House dust mite (HDM) is one of the most common sources of allergen. Its sensitization can lead to asthma. The group 1 mite allergens are potent allergens belonging to the papain-like cysteine protease family. Moreover, the group 1 mite allergens were able to activate others like groups 3, group 6, and group 9 that have serine protease activity. The proteolytic activity involves the etiology of asthma by increasing the permeability of the airway epithelial cell and allowing themselves and other allergens to pass through the epithelial cells by cleaving the cell surface molecules. The human body has natural inhibitor protease like alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) which has anti-serine protease and cystatin C which has anti-cysteine protease. AAT is known as an acute phase protein that is involved in the inflammation resolution mechanism. Cystatin C was significantly correlated with several inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, IL-6, and TNF-α. Our study aimed to investigate the behavior of serum alpha-1 antitrypsin and cystatin C in patients with house dust mite asthma. A cross-sectional study of 10 patients with HDM allergic asthma and 10 healthy subjects were carried out. Serum AAT and cystatin C inhibitory activity were measured with enzymatic assays. While serum AAT and cystatin C concentration were determined by ELISA method. No significant differences in serum AAT inhibitory activity (p=0.445, p>0.05), serum AAT concentration (p=0.290, p>0.05), and cystatin C concentration (p=0.290, p>0.05). Serum cystatin C inhibitory activity in asthmatic patients was significantly higher than healthy subject (p=0.001, p<0.05). Neither correlation between the AAT inhibitory activity and the AAT concentration or correlation between cystatin C inhibitory activity and cystatin C concentration was observed. In conclusion, the activity of cystatin C in dust mite asthma is significantly higher than in healthy subjects. Whereas the activity of AAT, concentration of AAT, and cystatin C in dust mite asthma patients are insignificantly higher than in healthy subjects.

Abstrak :
Tungau Debu Rumah (TDR) merupakan aeroalergen utama yang dapat memicu reaksi alergi pada penyakit atopi seperti dermatitis atopi, asma, dan rhinitis alergi. TDR dapat ditemukan di berbagai tempat bersarang baik alami maupun nonalami di dalam rumah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan bahan alami dan nonalami terhadap keberadaan TDR. Dengan menggunakan desain cross-sectional, penelitian ini dilakukan di Pasar Rebo (Jakarta Timur) dan Pamulang (Tangerang Selatan) pada November 2013 sampai Februari 2014. Data demografi penduduk diperoleh melalui kuesioner. Sampel debu rumah diambil dari bahan alami, yaitu kapuk dan nonalami, yaitu karpet, kasur busa, sofa, dan spring bed. Deteksi spesies TDR pada debu tersebut dilakukan dengan teknik langsung menggunakan mikroskop. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 207 sampel debu rumah dari 96 responden (Pasar Rebo = 44 Sampel dan Pamulang = 52 sampel). Spesies TDR yang ditemukan di Pasar Rebo adalah Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) dan Glyciphagus destructor (Gd), sedangkan spesies TDR yang ditemukan di Pamulang adalah Dp, D.ferinae (Df), dan Gd. Dp merupakan spesies dominan pada bahan alami dan nonalami. Secara statistik, terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis bahan dengan keberadaan TDR (p<0,05). Bahan alami berisiko lebih tinggi dibandingkan nonalami (OR = 1,99, 95% CI 1,06-3,72). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa keberadaan spesies TDR berhubungan dengan jenis bahan bersarang yang terdapat di dalam rumah. ...... House Dust Mites (HDM) is the main aeroalergen that can induced allergic reaction at atopic diseases such as dermatitis atopic, asthma, and rhinitis allergy. HDM was found in both nature and non-nature materials on stuffs around living house. The aim of this research was to know association between nature and non-nature materials with HDM. Cross sectional method was used in this research. Primary data was collected in Pasar Rebo (North Jakarta) and Pamulang (South Tangerang) for four months, from November 2013 until February 2014. Demographic profile was collected by filling the questionnaire. House dust was collected from both nature, as kapok matress, and non-nature materials, such as carpet, foam mattress, sofa, and spring bed. HDM was detected by direct examination on microscope. This research includes 207 house dust samples from 96 houses in Pasar Rebo, 44 samples, and Pamulang, 52 samples. Data from statistic show that in Pasar rebo, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) and Glyciphagus destructor (Gd) were found as varies HDM species meanwhile in Pamulang, Dp, D.ferinae (Df), and Gd were found. From both places, Dp was mostly found in nature and non-nature materials. Statistically, there was significance association between any materials and house dust mites (p<0,05). Nature material had a higher risk than non-nature materials to found HDM (OR = 1,99, 95% CI 1,06-3,72). Asconclussion, materials used living house associated with population of HDM.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Salah satu cara mengendalikan Tungau Debu Rumah (TDR) diperlukan perilaku bersih masyarakat terutama kebersihan debu rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku membersihkan rumah pada masyarakat terhadap keberadaan TDR.Disain penelitian ini, yaitu cross-sectional analitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada masyarakat perkotaan di Pamulang (Tangerang Selatan) dan Pasar Rebo (Jakarta Timur) selama Oktober 2013- Juni 2014. Sebanyak 96 rumah responden yang terdiri dari 52 di Pamulang dan 44 Pasar Rebo dipilih secara random. Dari 96 debu rumah yang diperiksa dengan metode langsung di bawah mikroskop ditemukan spesies TDR, yaitu Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (60,4%), D. farinae (4,2 %), dan Glysiphagus destructor (20,8%). Perilaku responden, yaitu membersihkan tempat tidur dan rumah 1 x sehari (40,6%) lebih sedikit dibandingkan 2 x sehari (59,4%). Responden dengan perilaku bersih 1 x sehari ditemukan frekuensi TDR lebih sedikit dibandingkan 2 x sehari dengan nilai OR=2,09 (95% CI 2,15 sampai 4,18). Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa dengan perilaku bersih dari masyarakat" "perkotaan mengurangi keberadaan TDR di dalam debu rumah."

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ABSTRACT
One of methods to controlling House Dust Mites (HDM) is pattern behavior people to keep clean especially keep the house from dust. This research aims to determine the patterns of behavior in the public house cleaning affect the existence population HDM found in the house of the population. This study used design analytic cross-sectional. This research was done to citizen in the Pamulang and Pasar Rebo ( East Jakarta) from October 2013 until June 2014. 96 homes respondents consisted of 52 respondents Pamulang and 44 respondents East Jakarta by random sampling. From 96 house dust which investigated directly methods to see and find species HDM used microscope, those are Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (60,4%), D. farinae (4,2 %), and Glysiphagus destructor (20,8%). Respondents?s behavior, cleaning their bedroom and house 1 x a day (40,6%) fewer just than 2 x a day (59,4%). Respondents with behavior of clean 1 x / day, TDR frequency?s discovered fewer just than 2 x/ day with value OR=2,09 (95% CI 2,15 until 4,18). This study to show that pattern people?s behavior to keep clean which can decrease or reduces population of HDM in dust home