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Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Salah satu upaya penatagunaan antibiotik untuk membatasi resistensi antibiotik adalah penilaian kualitas penggunaan antibiotik. Sampai saat ini kualitas dan ketepatan penggunaan antibiotik belum pernah dinilai dengan instrumen yang terbukti dapat diterapkan di Indonesia. Salah satu perangkat indikator kualitas (IK) penggunaan antibiotik yang direkomendasikan adalah IK yang dilaporkan oleh Den Bosh dkk. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai properti klinimetrik, yang mencakup kemampuukuran, kemamputerapan, performa, reliabilitas antarpengamat, koefisien korelasi antar nilai kemamputerapan berbagai IK, serta nilai potensi peningkatan dari 11 IK berdasarkan van den Bosch dkk. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) dan RS Umum Daerah (RSUD) Pasar Minggu pada periode 1 Agustus 2022 sampai dengan 2 Februari 2023. Pasien rawat inap dewasa yang mendapatkan antibiotik empirik karena kecurigaan mengalami infeksi dan memenuhi kriteria akan diinklusi. Hasil: Pada 500 pasien rawat inap dewasa di 2 RS, seluruh IK memiliki missing data <10%. Sebanyak 10 IK memiliki kemamputerapan >10%. Sejumlah 4 IK memiliki performa ≥70%. Potensi peningkatan >30% didapatkan pada 6 IK. Seluruh IK memiliki koefisien kappa >0,6, dan tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antar-IK. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya penilaian properti klinimetrik dari IK yang telah dikembangkan sebelumnya sebelum digunakan dalam praktik klinis sehari-hari sebagai bagian dari program penatagunaan antibiotik di Indonesia. Ke- 10 IK dalam penelitian ini memiliki kemamputerapan yang baik untuk rumah sakit rujukan pemerintah di Jakarta. Sebanyak 4 IK telah memiliki performa yang baik, dan 6 IK dengan potensi peningkatan yang baik dapat menjadi prioritas intervensi. Reliabilitas antar pengamat untuk seluruh indikator baik, tanpa adanya korelasi antar-IK. ......Background: One of the efforts of antibiotic stewardship for limiting antibiotic resistance is the assessment in the quality of antibiotic use. To date, the quality and appropriateness of antibiotic use have not been assessed using proven instruments in Indonesia. One recommended tool of quality indicators (QIs) for antibiotic use is the QIs reported by Den Bosch et al. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess QIs that measure the clinimetric properties, which include measurability, applicability, performance, inter-observer reliability, correlation coefficients between different QIs, and potential improvement values of 11 QIs based on Den Bosch et al. Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, RSCM) and (Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah, RSUD) Pasar Minggu Regional Hospital from August 1, 2022, to February 2, 2023. Adult inpatients who received empiric antibiotics due to suspected infection and meeting the inclusion criteria will be included. Results: In 500 inpatients in 2 hospitals, all QIs demonstrated <10% of missing data. Ten QIs showed an applicability of >10%. Four QIs showed performance scores of ≥70%, while six QIs had potential for improvement scores of >30%. All QIs displayed kappa coefficient >0,6, and no significant correlations are found between QIs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the importance of the clinimetric properties assessment of previously developed QIs before their use in daily clinical practice as part of antibiotic stewardship programme in Indonesia. Ten QIs demonstrated good applicability for government referral hospitals in Jakarta. Four QIs already had good performance scores, and 6 QIs with good improvement potential can be intervention priorities. The interobserver reliability for all indicators are good, without any correlations between QIs.

Abstrak :
The insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) is common for treatment among hospitalized patients. However, this procedure usually fails before the end of therapy because of several complications, including phlebitis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the incidence and associated factors of phlebitis among patients with PIVC. A prospective cohort study was conducted in one of the hospitals located in East Coast Malaysia. The presence of phlebitis was assessed using the visual infusion phlebitis score checklist. The patients were followed until PIVC removal. A total of 321 data were collected among patients who received a new PIVC in the medical, gynecology, and orthopedic wards. The incidence of phlebitis was 36.1% (n= 116), and 96.6% of which were grade II. Patients aged 60 years (51.5%), men (42.2%), no known phlebitis history (47.4%), and with chronic disease record (46.8%) were determined as the highest percentage with phlebitis. This study demonstrated that age, gender, and chronic diseases were risk factors of developing phlebitis.