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Abstrak :
Resin alkid merupakan bahan polimer yang banyak dipakai dalam formulasi cat dan umumnya dibuat dari bahan baku minyak nabati seperti minyak biji bunga matahari. Pada penelitian ini resin alkid hendak dibuat dari minyak kulit biji mete (CNSL) untuk formulasi cat anti fouling yang akan diterapkan sebagai cat lambung kapal. Pemilihan CNSL sebagai bahan cat anti fouling didasarkan pada sifat licin dan kandungan senyawa fenol (asam anakardat) yang tinggi supaya biota laut tidak menempel erat pada permukaan badan kapal. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan minyak biji mete (cashew nut shell liquid) yang direaksikan dengan gliserol untuk membentuk ester poliol, ester ini kemudian direaksikan dengan anhidrida ftalat untuk menghasilkan resin alkid. Esterifikasi CNSL dengan gliserol dilakukan menggunakan tiga katalis berbeda, yaitu asam sulfat, padatan SiO2-H2SO4 dan PbO dengan suhu yang divariasikan. Ester yang terbentuk diharapkan merupakan monogliserida. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan TLC, FTIR, HPLC, dan GC/MS. Reaksi yang menghasilkan ester adalah reaksi dengan katalis asam sulfat setelah bereaksi selama 24 jam pada suhu 110 oC. Ester tersebut digunakan membuat resin dengan anhidrida ftalat dengan katalis PbO. Resin tidak terbentuk dengan baik karena tidak terbentuknya monogliserida pada tahap esterifikasi.

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Alkyd resin, a polymer product, which is mostly used in paint formulations and usually produced from vegetable oils, such as sunflower oil. In this research alkyd resin was prepared from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) for the formulation of anti fouling paint to be applied on the surface of ship’s body. The reason of selecting CNSL for anti fouling paint component based on the slippery property of CNSL and the high content of phenolic compound of anacardic acid, to prevent sea mollusca strongly attached on the surface of ship body. This research used cashew nut sell liquid (CNSL) as the raw material, which was reacted with glycerol to produced ester. The ester was further reacted with phthalic anhydride to produce alkyd resin. Esterification of CNSL with glycerol used three different catalyst; sulfuric acid, the solid of SiO2-H2SO4 and lead (II) oxide. The reaction temperatures were varied in each reaction. The characteristics of products were evaluated by TLC, FTIR, HPLC and GC/MS analysis. The reaction of CNSL and glycerol was successfully catalysed by sulfuric acid for 24 h reaction under reflux at temperature of 110 oC. The ester product was used to make alkyd resin with phthalic anhydride and PbO catalyst. Unfortunately the resin was not formed properly due to the unproperly chemical structure of the ester product.

Abstrak :
The use of reactive polymers enables manufacturers to make chemical changes at a late stage in the production process?these in turn cause changes in performance and properties. Material selection and control of the reaction are essential to acheive optimal performance. The second edition of Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications introduces engineers and scientists to the range of reactive polymers available, explains the reactions that take place, and details applications and performance benefits. Basic principles and industrial processes are described for each class of reactive resin (thermoset), as well as additives, the curing process, and applications and uses. The initial chapters are devoted to individual resin types (e.g. epoxides, cyanacrylates, etc.); followed by more general chapters on topics such as reactive extrusion and dental applications. Material new to this edition includes the most recent developments, applications and commercial products for each chemical class of thermosets, as well as sections on fabrication methods, reactive biopolymers, recycling of reactive polymers, and case studies. Injection molding of reactive polymers, radiation curing, thermosetting elastomers, and reactive extrusion equipment are all covered as well.