Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Abad kedua puluh satu memperkenalkan kita pada revolusi industri ke-4, di mana kemajuan teknologi semakin kuat dengan munculnya berbagai inovasi yang memajukan peradaban. Namun, literatur sebelumnya telah mengusulkan bahwa perubahan teknologi mungkin tidak "baik" seperti yang terlihat. Menelaah pengaruh otomasi Jepang terhadap ekspor dan penyerapan tenaga kerja Indonesia, penulis mencoba melihat apakah otomasi asing berpotensi merugikan negara berkembang. Dengan menggunakan data panel berimbang yang diperoleh dari tiga sumber berbeda (International Federation of Robots (IFR), Statistik Industri (SI), dan WIOD), studi ini mengamati dampak otomasi robot terhadap ekspor manufaktur dan lapangan kerja di Indonesia dalam 15 industri manufaktur terpilih dan dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun (2010-2014). Dengan menggunakan model 2-stage least squared (2SLS), penulis menemukan bahwa otomatisasi asing mengurangi ekspor manufaktur Indonesia. Namun, penulis juga menemukan bahwa penurunan ekspor dapat diimbangi dengan produktivitas yang disebabkan oleh otomatisasi domestik. net otomatisasi adalah positif, namun  juga harus dicatat bahwa otomatisasi domestik tumbuh pada tingkat adopsi yang lebih lamba dibandingkan dengan otomatisasi asing, meninggalkan bobot yang tidak seimbang dari dampak otomatisasi. Selain itu, dampak serupa juga dapat ditemukan dalam pekerjaan. Kami menemukan bahwa otomatisasi asing mengurangi pekerjaan baik pekerja produksi maupun non-produksi. Namun, tidak seperti dalam kasus ekspor, otomatisasi domestik ternyata juga berdampak negatif terhadap lapangan kerja. Pengurangan ini disebabkan oleh dua hal, khususnya kesenjangan keterampilan dan kesenjangan upah antara pekerja produksi dan non-produksi. ......The twenty-first century introduces us to the 4th industrial revolution, in which the advancement of technology is going strong with the arrival of numerous innovations that not only further our civilization in terms of knowledge but also allow us to improve our lives by making more difficult tasks easier. However, previous literature has proposed that technological change may not be as “good” as it seems. Examining the effect of Japan’s automation on Indonesia’s exports and employment, the author tries to see whether foreign automation potentially harms developing countries. Employing a balanced panel data obtained from three different sources ( International Federation of Robots (IFR), Statistik Industri (SI), and WIOD), this study observes the impacts of robotic automation on Indonesia’s manufacturing exports and employment within 15 selected manufacturing industries and in the span of 5 years (2010-2014). 

 Using the 2-stage least squared (2SLS) model, the author found that foreign automation reduces Indonesia’s manufacturing exports. However, the author also found that the reduction in exports can be offset by the productivity induced by domestic automation. While the net effect of automation is positive, We also have to note that domestic automation grows at a slower adoption rate leaving an unbalanced weight of the impacts of automation. Furthermore, a similar impact can also be found in employment. We found that foreign automation reduces the employment of both the production and non-production workers. However, unlike in the case of exports, domestic automation is found to also negatively impact employment. This reduction is caused by two things, in particular, the skill gap and the wage gap between the production and non-production workers. 

Abstrak :
This paper presents a critical analysis of the factors shaping the interaction between multinationals and trade unions in indonesia, focusing on recent period of democratization following the downfall of the Suharto regime. It has been suggested that union growth risks undermining Indonesia's competitive advantages (cheap labour) and could encourage the exit of multinationals to cheaper competitors. In order to rest this proposition, two case studies were conducted: one in automotive industry and the other in the banking industry.

The paper first provides an overview of multinational activity and FDI in Indonesia, and their interaction with a nascent union movement. This is followed by presenting he findings of interviews conducted at the multinational enterprises with managers and union officials; to provide empirical insights into the bargaining process. The final part of the paper provides a preliminary assessment of the impact of union behaviour on MNC profitability and competitiveness in indonesia. In contrast to traditional views of unions as impeding MNC profitability and "encouraging" exit, the paper finds that unions and MNCs can engage in constructive partnerships, but that pressures and contradictions in the relationship remain.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak perdagangan internasional terhadap kesenjangan gender di sektor manufaktur di Indonesia berdasarkan teori Becker. Menurut teori ini, perdagangan internasional meningkatkan persaingan industri dan pada gilirannya menurunkan diskriminasi gender. Ini merupakan studi tingkat industri yang membandingkan efek dari perdagangan internasional pada kesenjangan upah gender dan lapangan kerja perempuan dalam industri yang kompetitif dan industri terkonsentrasi.

Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perdagangan internasional menurunkan ketidaksetaraan gender dalam industri terkonsentrasi karena menurunkan kesenjangan upah gender dan meningkatkan lapangan kerja perempuan. Sementara itu, ketidaksetaraan gender memburuk dalam industri kompetitif karena perdagangan meningkatkan kesenjangan upah gender dan mengurangi tenaga kerja perempuan.;

---

ABSTRACT
This research aims to analyze the impact of international trade on gender inequality in Indonesian manufacturing sector based on Becker's theory. According to this theory, international trade boosts industry competition and in turn lowers gender discrimination. This is an industry-level study that compares the effects of international trade on gender wage gap and female employment in competitive industries and concentrated industries.

The results of the analysis indicate international trade alleviate gender inequality in concentrated industry because it lowers gender wage gap and increases female employment. Meanwhile, gender inequality worsened in competitive industry because trade increase gender wage gap and reduce female employment;This research aims to analyze the impact of international trade on gender inequality in Indonesian manufacturing sector based on Becker's theory. According to this theory, international trade boosts industry competition and in turn lowers gender discrimination. This is an industry-level study that compares the effects of international trade on gender wage gap and female employment in competitive industries and concentrated industries. The results of the analysis indicate international trade alleviate gender inequality in concentrated industry because it lowers gender wage gap and increases female employment. Meanwhile, gender inequality worsened in competitive industry because trade increase gender wage gap and reduce female employment;This research aims to analyze the impact of international trade on gender inequality in Indonesian manufacturing sector based on Becker's theory. According to this theory, international trade boosts industry competition and in turn lowers gender discrimination. This is an industry-level study that compares the effects of international trade on gender wage gap and female employment in competitive industries and concentrated industries. The results of the analysis indicate international trade alleviate gender inequality in concentrated industry because it lowers gender wage gap and increases female employment. Meanwhile, gender inequality worsened in competitive industry because trade increase gender wage gap and reduce female employment;This research aims to analyze the impact of international trade on gender inequality in Indonesian manufacturing sector based on Becker's theory. According to this theory, international trade boosts industry competition and in turn lowers gender discrimination. This is an industry-level study that compares the effects of international trade on gender wage gap and female employment in competitive industries and concentrated industries. The results of the analysis indicate international trade alleviate gender inequality in concentrated industry because it lowers gender wage gap and increases female employment. Meanwhile, gender inequality worsened in competitive industry because trade increase gender wage gap and reduce female employment, This research aims to analyze the impact of international trade on gender inequality in Indonesian manufacturing sector based on Becker's theory. According to this theory, international trade boosts industry competition and in turn lowers gender discrimination. This is an industry-level study that compares the effects of international trade on gender wage gap and female employment in competitive industries and concentrated industries. The results of the analysis indicate international trade alleviate gender inequality in concentrated industry because it lowers gender wage gap and increases female employment. Meanwhile, gender inequality worsened in competitive industry because trade increase gender wage gap and reduce female employment]