Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui apa.kah dengan mengkonsumsi tablet fluor dapat meningkatkan kandungan fluor dalam saliva dan untuk mengetahui apa.kah ada hubungan antara kandungan fluor saliva pada anak yang mengkonsumsi tablet Flour atau yang tidak.

Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif laboratorik pada sejum1ah 63 anak yang sejak bayi menjadi pasien dokter spesialis anak di Klinik Elizabeth Pluit Jakarta Utara. Pengamatan meliputi pemeriksaan status medis pasien Klinik Elizabeth dan kuesioner perihal keteraturan anak dalam .aengkonsumsi tablet fluor yang telah diresepkan, serta pemeriksaan karies gigi sulung dan pengambilan saliva. Selanjutnya kandungan fluor saliva subyek diuku:r secara laboratorik dengan menggunakan alat Colorimeter DR- 100 (Model 41100-08 Kit).

Hasil uji analisis membuktikan tidak adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara kandungan fluor saliva anak yang mengkonsumsi tablet fluor dengan yang tidak (t=1,8374; p

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Remineralisasi dentin dapat dicapai melalui beberapa metode, di antaranya secara Guided Tissue Remineralization (GTR) dalam sistem Polymer-Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP). Remineralisasi secara GTR terbukti dapat meremineralisasi affected dentin dengan membentuk mineral intrafibrillar dan ekstrafibrillar. Melalui sistem PILP, kristal terbentuk dengan ukuran kecil sehingga remineralisasi lebih banyak terjadi secara intrafibrillar. Penambahan fluor dalam sistem PILP diharapkan dapat membentuk kristal fluoroapatit yang berukuran lebih besar dan mampu menyempurnakan remineralisasi hingga ke ekstrafibrillar. Penelitian yang ada selama ini hanya berfokus pada permukaan dentin, sedengkan belum terdapat penelitian untuk membuktikan remineralisasi dengan penambahan fluor yang terjadi pada dinding tubulus dentin. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh penambahan fluor 5ppm dan 25ppm dalam sistem PILP terhadap perubahan topografi dinding tubulus dentin dan persentase fluoroapatit. Metode: Sampel blok dentin terdemineralisasi direndam pada larutan remineralisasi dengan penambahan 5ppm dan 25ppm fluor. Sampel blok dentin kemudian akan dipotong lintang menggunakan metode fraktur lalu diamati dan dianalisis menggunakan uji FE-SEM dan XRD. Hasil: Terjadi perubahan topografi pada dinding tubulus dentin setelah dilakukan remineralisasi melalui proses PILP dengan penambahan 5ppm dan 25ppm fluor selama 14 hari yang dievaluasi secara deskriptif menggunakan FE-SEM. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna secara statistik penambahan fluor pada larutan remineralisasi PILP terhadap persentase fasa mineral fluoroapatit, namun secara substansi terjadi peningkatan persentase fluorapatit. Kesimpulan: Penambahan fluor dalam sistem PILP berpengaruh terhadap perubahan topografi dinding tubulus dentin dan persentase fluoroapatit. ...... Background: Dentine remineralization can be achieved through several methods, including Guided Tissue Remineralization (GTR) in the Polymer-Induced Liquid Precursor (PILP) system. GTR remineralization has been shown to remineralize affected dentin by forming intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar minerals. Through the PILP system, crystals are formed with small sizes so that more remineralization occurs intrafibrillarly. The addition of fluorine in the PILP system is expected to form larger fluoroapatite crystals and be able to complete the remineralization to extrafibrillar. Existing research so far has only focused on the dentin surface, although there has been no research to prove remineralization with the addition of fluorine that occurs in the dentine tubule walls. Objective: To determine the effect of adding 5ppm and 25ppm fluorine in the PILP system on changes in the topography of the dentinal tubule walls and the percentage of fluoroapatite. Methods: Demineralized dentine block samples were immersed in remineralization solution with the addition of 5 ppm and 25 ppm fluorine. The dentine block samples will then be cross-sectioned using the fracture method and then observed and analyzed using the FE-SEM and XRD tests. Results: Topographical changes occurred in the dentinal tubule walls after remineralization through the PILP process with the addition of 5ppm and 25ppm fluorine for 14 days which were evaluated descriptively using FE-SEM. The results of the XRD analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the addition of fluorine to the percentage of fluoroapatite mineral phase in the addition of fluorine to the percentage of fluoroapatite, but in substance there was an increase in the percentage of fluorapatite. Conclusion: The addition of fluorine in the PILP system affected the topography of the dentinal tubule walls and the percentage of fluoroapatite.

Abstrak :
Provides a thorough overview of the role of fluorine in pharmaceutical science and development Includes chapters on fluorinated analogues of natural products, fluorinated amino acids and peptides, and derivatives of sugars classifies marketed and in-development fluorinated pharmaceuticals according to their therapeutic classes.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Nano Silver Fluoride NSF memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans bakteri penyebab karies. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh NSF terhadap viabilitas S.mutans dalam berbagai fase pembentukan biofilm. Metode: Biofilm S.mutans diinkubasi selama 4 jam fase adhesi, 12 jam fase akumulasi aktif dan 24 jam fase maturasi pada suhu 37 C. Ketiga model biofilm dipapar NSF dengan konsentrasi Ag 0,4 F- 2,26, Ag 0,9 F- 2,26, Ag 1,4 F- 2,26, Ag 1,9 F- 2,26 selama 1 jam. Persentase viabilitas dinilai dengan menggunakan MTT assay. Hasil: Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna p>0,05 antara viabilitas biofilm pada fase adhesi, fase akumulasi aktif, ataupun fase maturasi. Kesimpulan: NSF mampu menurunkan viabilitas biofilm S.mutans dalam berbagai fase pembentukan. ......Background: Nano Silver Fluoride NSF has antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans that cause dental caries. Objective: To analyze the effect of NSF on the viability of S.mutans in various phases of biofilm formation. Methods: S.mutans biofilm was incubated for 4 hours adherence phase, 12 hours active accumulation phase and 24 hours maturation phase at 37 C then exposed by NSF at concentration Ag 0,4 F 2,26, Ag 0,9 F 2,26, Ag 1,4 F 2,26, Ag 1,9 F 2,26 for 1 hour. The percentage of viability was tested with MTT assay. Result: Biofilm viability of S.mutans in various phases showed no significant difference p 0,05. Conclusion: NSF can reduce the viability of S.mutans in various phases of biofilm formation.

Abstrak :
Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) is one of the conductive glasses that have strategic functions in various important applications, including dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). In the current work, the effects of deposition time (5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes) upon the fabrication process of FTO thin film using spray pyrolysis technique with modified ultrasonic nebulizer has been studied in regard to its microstructural, optical, crystallinity, and resistivity characteristics. The variation was also performed by comparing the pure tin chloride precursor and the solution that was doped with fluor (F) at 2 wt% in order to see the doping effect on the properties of thin film. The thin films were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and digital multimeter. On the basis of current investigation, it has been found that the best FTO was obtained through the pyrolysis technique of 20-minute deposition time, providing optical transmittance of 74%, a band gap energy (Eg) of 3.85 eV and sheet resistance (Rs) of 7.99 ?/sq. The fabricated FTO in the present work is promising for further development as conducting glass for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC).

Abstrak :
Sintesis LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co(0.1-x)Mo(x)O2/F telah dilakukan dengan metode self-combustion synthesis dan solid state untuk membuat katoda baterai ion litium. Sintesis dilakukan dengan melarutkan prekursor LiNO3, Ni(NO3)2.6H2O, Mn(NO3)2.4H2O, Co(NO3)2.6H2O, (NH4)6Mo7O24 dan CH4N2O dengan aquades lalu dipanaskan hingga terbentuk pasta. Selanjutnya dilakukan pemanasan lanjutan pada suhu 500C selama 2 jam dan sintering pada suhu 900C selama 3 jam. LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co(0.1-x)Mo(x)O2 kemudian ditambahkan LiF sebagai sumber fluorin dicampur dengan proses milling dan disintering pada suhu 600C selama 4 jam. Hasil SEM menunjukkan morfologi sampel yang berbeda di mana partikel yang terbentuk berukuran lebih kecil akibat dari penambahan doping molibdenum dan fluorin yang menghambat pertumbuhan partikel. Pengujian kinerja sebagai katoda baterai ion litium dilakukan dengan membuat baterai kemudian dilakukan analisis menggunakan cyclic voltammetry (CV) dan electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Berdasarkan hasil analisis CV dengan puncak oksidasi yang berada pada 3,48 V dan puncak reduksi yang berada pada 3,87 V menunjukkan penambahan molibdenum dapat mengurangi transformasi fasa yang merugikan. Adapun hasil dari analisis EIS menunjukkan penambahan molibdenum dapat meningkatkan nilai difusi ion litium dengan nilai konduktivitas yang meningkat dari 0,9 x 10-2 S/cm pada material tanpa doping menjadi 4,36 x 10-2 S/cm pada material dengan doping molibdenum dan fluorin. ......The synthesis of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co(0.1-x)Mo(x)O2 has been carried out using combination of self-combustion synthesis and solid state to synthesize an active material for lithium ion battery cathode. The synthesis was performed by dissolving the precursors LiNO3, Ni(NO3)2.6H2O, Mn(NO3)2.4H2O, Co(NO3)2.6H2O, (NH4)6Mo7O24 and CH4N2O using distilled water and heated to form a paste. Further heating was carried out at 500°C for 2 hours and sintering at 900°C for 3 hours. The obtained LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co(0.1-x)Mo(x)O2 was then added LiF as a fluorine source and mixed using ball-milling process before being sintered at 600°C for 4 hours. The morphology characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed decreasing particle size due to the addition of molybdenum and fluorine that inhibited particle growth. Its performance as lithium-ion battery cathode was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The CV analysis showed an oxidation peak at 3.48 V and reduction peak at 3.87 V, as an indication that the addition of molybdenum can reduce phase transformation. The EIS analysis showed that the addition of molybdenum and fluorine may increase the diffusion of lithium ions in which conductivity increased from 0.9 x 10- 2 S/cm in undoped materials to 4.36 x 10-2 S/cm in materials with molybdenum and fluorine doping.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Transparent conductive oxide TCO merupakan material yang sangat penting untuk digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi teknologi modern. Pembuatan piranti seperti optoelektronik LCD, organic electroluminescence EL dan juga untuk elektroda pada dye sensitized solar cell DSSC .TCOpada divais DSSC berfungsi sebagai penyerap cahaya dan penghantar elektron.Jenis TCO yang paling umum digunakan adalah indium tin oxide ITO , namun harganya relatif mahal. Oleh sebab itu fabrikasi kaca konduktor fluorine-doped tin oxide FTO ini ditujukan untuk menggantikan fungsi ITO karena proses pembuatannya yang sederhana serta biaya yang relatif lebih rendah. Dalam penelitian ini, pembuatan kaca konduktor FTO ini dilakukan dengan metode ultrasonic spray pyrolisis dengan menggunakan bahan baku tin II chloride dehydrate SnCl2.2H2O dan anhydrous tin IV chloride SnCl4 sebagai prekursor dan ammonium florida NH4F sebagai doping dengan parameter yang divariasi adalah waktu deposisi 10, 20 dan 30 menit dan temperatur pemanasan substrat 250, 300, 350 C . Selain itu,variasi yang digunakan adalah jenis prekursor SnCl2.2H2Odan SnCl4 dan pelarut ethanol dan methanol . Penelitian ini secara spesifik bertujuan untuk menghasilkan prototipe kaca transparan konduktif FTO yang mampu menghantarkan arus listrik dengan nilai resistivitas dalam skala 10-4 ?.cm serta nilai transparasi mencapai >80 . Karakterisasi sampel dilakukan menggunakan alat SEM-EDS, XRD, Spektroskopi UV-Vis dan Four Point Probe. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu deposisi dan semakin tinggi temperatur substrat maka akan semakin kecil nilai resistivitas kaca konduktif, namundengan konsekuensi nilai transmitansiyang juga akan semakin menurun. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil yang optimum pada kaca konduktor yang difabrikasi dengan prekursor SnCl4 dan pelarut methanol, konsentrasi doping 2 wt, waktu deposisi 20 menit dan temperatur subtrat 300 C dengan nilai resistivitas 8,44 x 10-5 ?.cm dan transmitansi 88,3 . Dari hasil diatas, prekursor anhydrous tin IV chloride SnCl4 yang didoping amonium fluorida NH4F dengan menggunakan metode ultrasonic spray pyrolisis dapat dianggap sebagai terobosan baru dalam pembuatan kaca yang konduktif dan transparan.

---

ABSTRACT
Transparent conductive oxide TCO is a very important material for use in various applications of modern technology including the manufacture of optoelectronic devices such as LCDs, organic electroluminescence EL and also as electrodes in dye sensitized solar cells DSSC . TCO on DSSC device serves as the light absorber and electron conductor. One of the most commonly used is indium tin oxide ITO , however its price is rather expensive. Therefore, the main purpose of the current research is aimed at replacing ITO with fluorine doped tin oxide FTO which is easier and more economic for fabrication. In this work, the conductor FTO glass manufacture is done by ultrasonic spray pyrolisis method using tin II chloride dihydrate SnCl2.2H2O and anhydrous tin IV chloride SnCl4 as precursors and ammonium fluoride NH4F as doping with variations of deposition time 10, 20 and 30 minutes and substrate heating temperature 250, 300 and 350 C . In addition, the variations of type precursor SnCl2.2H2O and SnCl4 and solvent ethanol and methanol . The aims of this research was to produce a prototype FTO transparent conductive glass with a value of resistivity 10 4 .cm and the value of transmittance 80 . Characterization of the samples is done using a SEM EDS, XRD, UV Vis Spectroscopy and Four Point Probe. The results showed that the longer the deposition time and the higher the substrats, providing smaller resistivity, but the consequences transmittance value which will also decrease. In this study,the highest transmittance of 88.3 and the lowest resistivity of 8.44 x 10 5 .cm resitivitas were obtained from the glass subjected to 20 minutes deposition time and 300 oC substrate heating during the process using precursor SnCl4 and solvent methanol. From the results, the precursor anhydrous tin IV chloride SnCl4 doped ammonium fluoride NH4F using ultrasonic spray pyrolisis may be considered as a breakthrough in the manufacture of conductive and transparent glass.

Abstrak :
The book includes : structural, physical, and chemical properties of fluorous compounds, selective fluoroalkylation of organic compounds by tackling the negative fluorine effect, synthetic and biological applications of fluorous reagents as phase tags, chemical applications of fluorous reagents and scavengers, and more.