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"In Japan around 100,000 working carers leave their jobs each year. While long-term care leave was legislated in 1995 with the aim of ensuring that working carers do not leave their jobs, few workers use such leave. The Japanese government has addressed this problem in 2016 by proposing amendments to the Child Care and Family Care Leave Act to allow workers to take care leave more flexibly. Focusing on another aspect of combining work and care, this paper addresses the possibility that workers who remain in their jobs may suffer from the effects of having to combine work with providing care. Although fatigue among carers has been raised as a problem in the context of issues that arise outside the workplace, such as abuse or murder of care receivers or suicide among carers, the effects that fatigue may have on carers’ work is rarely a topic of discussion. The results of our original data analysis show that physical fatigue due to providing care while working full time raises the risk of having an accident while at work and failing to meet work quotas. It is therefore crucial to consider means of ensuring that working carers who come to the office as usual are able to maintain their health and work performance."

"Perempuan dengan status HIV/AIDS menghadapi tantangan berupa masalah fisik karena proses penyakit dan masalah psikososial yang juga berdampak pada keluarga yang merawat sehingga akan mengganggu peran dan fungsi keluarga sebagai caregiver. Berbagai bentuk dukungan sosial yang dibutuhkan keluarga dan upaya koping religius yang  digunakan keluarga merupakan sistem pendukung dan strategi koping dalam proses  adaptasi keluarga merawat perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS.  Berdasarkan hal ini perlu dilakukan penelitian yang lebih mengeksplor tentang  bentuk dukungan sosial dan strategi koping religius keluarga yang merawat perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran yang mendalam tentang bentuk dukungan sosial dan strategi koping religius keluarga yang merawat perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 10 orang caregiver utama yaitu keluarga  yang merawat perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan  dengan wawancara mendalam dengan pertanyaan semi terstruktur. Hasil penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan teknik Colaizzi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan enam tema yaitu: 1) Bentuk dukungan sosial,  2) Strategi koping mencari dukungan spiritual dan religius, 3) Dampak positif strategi koping, 4) Stigmatisasi pada ODHA dan keluarga, 5) Alasan tidak mengungkapkan status HIV kepada anak,  6) Kekuatan keluarga dalam merawat.  Berbagai bentuk dukungan sosial dan strategi koping mencari dukungan spiritual dan religius  memberikan dampak positif bagi keluarga yang merawat perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS. Ketidakterbukaan status HIV dan  stigma  HIV di keluarga dan di masyarakat  menghambat akses dukungan sosial.   Berbagai permasalahan yang dihadapi keluarga  dalam merawat, membutuhkan resiliensi  yang tinggi sehingga diperlukan kekuatan antar anggota keluarga.Penelitian ini merekomendasikan  perawat jiwa mampu  memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga akan informasi, dukungan, dan keterampilan dalam perawatan ODHA. Pemberian informasi,dukungan dan ketrampilan dapat diberikan dengan intervensi keluarga yaitu Family Psychoeducation (FPE) serta Terapi Kelompok dan Self-Help Grup (SHG)

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Women with HIV/AIDS status face challenges in the form of physical problems due to the disease process and psychosocial problems that also have an impact on the family who cares for them so that it will interfere with the role and function of the family as a caregiver. Various forms of social support needed by families and religious coping efforts used by families are support systems and coping strategies in the process of family adaptation to caring for women with HIV/AIDS.  Based on this, it is necessary to conduct research that further explores the forms of social support and religious coping strategies of families caring for women with HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to obtain an in-depth description of the forms of social support and religious coping strategies of families caring for women with HIV/AIDS. This research design uses qualitative methods with a descriptive phenomenological approach. The participants in this study were 10 main caregivers, namely families caring for women with HIV/AIDS. The data collection method was conducted by in-depth interviews with semi-structured questions. The results of this study were analysed using the Colaizzi technique. This research resulted in six themes, namely: 1) Forms of social support, 2) Coping strategies seeking spiritual and religious support, 3) Positive impact of coping strategies, 4) Stigmatisation of PLWHA and family, 5) Reasons for not disclosing HIV status to children, 6) Family strength in caring. Various forms of social support and coping strategies such as seeking spiritual and religious support had a positive impact on families caring for women with HIV/AIDS. Non-disclosure of HIV status and HIV stigma in the family and community hindered access to social support.   Various problems faced by families in caring for women with HIV/AIDS require high resilience so that strength between family members is needed. This study recommends that psychiatric nurses are able to fulfil family needs for information, support, and skills in caring for PLWHA. Providing information, support and skills can be provided with family interventions, namely Family Psychoeducation (FPE) as well as GroupTherapy and Self-Help Groups (SHG)."