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Abstrak :
Nama:Puguh MahendrodjatiProgram Studi:Magister Keselamatan dan Kesehatan KerjaJudul Tesis:Analisa Dampak Kebakaran dan Ledakan pada Fasilitas Pengolahan Hidrokarbon Gas dan Kondensat Menggunakan Software ALOHA di PT. X Kebakaran pada sebuah tangki hidrokarbon adalah kecelakaan yang relatif langka yang dapat menyebabkan konsekuensi tak terduga untuk personil, instalasi dan lingkungan. Karakteristik hidrokarbon baik gas vapor ataupun cairan liquid yang memiliki bahaya dan risiko tinggi menyebabkan banyaknya kejadian kecelakaan yang melibatkan hidrokarbon tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif dengan desain kuantitatif melalui pengumpulan data sekunder dan studi literatur tanpa melakukan intervensi pada objek penelitian non experimental dan dianalisa menggunakan perangkat lunak ALOHA dan metode lainnya seperti event tree analysis, probit analysis, dll untuk mengevaluasi model konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan pada fasilitas pengolahan hidrokarbon gas dan kondensat yang merupakan Major Hazard Plant, berdasarkan skenario kegagalan yang mungkin terjadi. Major Accident Event MAE dari fasilitas tersebut antara lain kolam api, api jet dan ledakan uap awan. Kejadian kolam api dari fasilitas tersebut memiliki dampak yang sangat signifikan terhadap personil di dalam fasilitas tersebut. Risiko individu masih berada berada di ALARP region, sedangkan risiko social berada di ldquo;Intolerable region rdquo. ...... Name Puguh MahendrodjatiStudy Program Master Program of Occupational Health and SafetyThesis rsquo Title The Impact Analysis of Fires and Explosions on the Gas and Condensate Hydrocarbon Processing Facility Using Software ALOHA in PT. X Fire on a hydrocarbon tank is a relatively rare accident that can lead to unforeseen consequences for the worker 39 s, installation and environmental. Characteristics of hydrocarbons either gas vapor or liquid liquid that have a danger and high risk to cause the number of incidents involving the hydrocarbon incident. This research is descriptive with quantitative design through secondary data collection and literature study without intervention on research object non experimental and analyzed using software ALOHA and other methods such as event tree analysis, probit analysis, etc. to evaluate model consequences Fire and explosion at the gas and condensate hydrocarbon processing facility which is the Major Hazard Plant, based on possible failure scenarios. Major Accident Events MAE of the facility include a pool of fire, jet fire and cloud vapor explosion. The event of a pool of fire from the facility has a very significant impact on personnel within the facility. Individual risk is still in the ALARP region, while social risk is in the Intolerable region.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Risiko kebakaran dan ledakan mengakibatkan kerugian terhadap keselamatan pekerja, pencemaran lingkungan, kerusakan perangkat kerja dan kredibilitas perusahaan. Fasilitas gas memiliki risiko kebakaran dan ledakan karena natural gas merupakan highly flammable dari campuran metana (utama : 70-90%), etana dan sedikit senyawa lain. Oleh karena itu, sebagai dasar upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian terhadap konsekuensi yang ditimbulkan dari risiko kebakaran dan ledakan dengan menurunkan dampak/konsekuensi ketingkat yang bisa diterima (aceptable level) pada fasilitas pengolahan gas (separation system, gas processing system dan fuel gas system), diperlukan analisis semi-kuantitatif risiko kebakaran dan ledakan.

Teknik yang digunakan adalah melakukan analisis data sekunder (studi HAZID, studi HAZOP, Bow-tie Analysis dan simulasi PHAST). Hasil penelitian ini sebagai dasar upaya mengetahui faktor-faktor dominan yang menyebabkan kejadian kebakaran dan ledakan pada fasilitas pengolahan gas. Dari hasil simulasi crystal ball didapat total forecast memiliki angka 4.30 dimana jika dilihat di matriks resiko maka berada dilevel medium risk yang berati bahwa fasilitas pengolahan gas termasuk katagori risiko masih dapat diterima. Untuk sensitivity, perubahan tekanan (16.0%), perubahan suhu (15.9%) dan kelebihan tekanan (15.8%) merupakan faktor yang paling sensitif terhadap perubahan dibandingkan faktor-faktor lainnya. Selain itu, dapat membantu dalam menentukan rekomendasi yang tepat untuk diterapkan pada fasilitas pengolahan gas tersebut.

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ABSTRACT
Risk of fire and explosion resulted in the loss of the worker safety, environmental pollution, damage to the work and credibility of the company. Gas facility has a risk of fire and explosion because natural gas is a highly flammable mixture of methane (major: 70-90%), ethane and a bit of other compounds. Therefore, as a basis for prevention and control of the consequences arising from the risk of fire and explosion by reducing the impact / consequences to the level that can be accepted (aceptable level) with a precise cost on gas processing facilities (separation systems, gas processing system and fuel gas system), a semiquantitative analysis is required the risk of fire and explosion.

The technique used is to conduct a secondary data analysis (HAZID and HAZOP studies, Bow-tie Analysis and PHAST simulation). The results of this study as a basis for efforts to determine the dominant factors that cause the occurrence of fire and explosion at a gas processing facility. From the simulation results obtained crystal ball that total forecast has the number 4.30 which when seen in the risk matrix was at medium risk which means that the gas processing facility including the safe category/tolerable risk. For sensitivity, pressure changes (16.0%), themperature changes (15.9%) and excess pressure (15.8%), are the factors that are most sensitive to change than other factors. In addition, it can assist in determining the appropriate recommendations to be applied to the gas processing facility.;Risk of fire and explosion resulted in the loss of the worker safety, environmental pollution, damage to the work and credibility of the company. Gas facility has a risk of fire and explosion because natural gas is a highly flammable mixture of methane (major: 70-90%), ethane and a bit of other compounds. Therefore, as a basis for prevention and control of the consequences arising from the risk of fire and explosion by reducing the impact / consequences to the level that can be accepted (aceptable level) with a precise cost on gas processing facilities (separation systems, gas processing system and fuel gas system), a semiquantitative analysis is required the risk of fire and explosion. The technique used is to conduct a secondary data analysis (HAZID and HAZOP studies, Bow-tie Analysis and PHAST simulation). The results of this study as a basis for efforts to determine the dominant factors that cause the occurrence of fire and explosion at a gas processing facility. From the simulation results obtained crystal ball that total forecast has the number 4.30 which when seen in the risk matrix was at medium risk which means that the gas processing facility including the safe category/tolerable risk. For sensitivity, pressure changes (16.0%), themperature changes (15.9%) and excess pressure (15.8%), are the factors that are most sensitive to change than other factors. In addition, it can assist in determining the appropriate recommendations to be applied to the gas processing facility., Risk of fire and explosion resulted in the loss of the worker safety, environmental pollution, damage to the work and credibility of the company. Gas facility has a risk of fire and explosion because natural gas is a highly flammable mixture of methane (major: 70-90%), ethane and a bit of other compounds. Therefore, as a basis for prevention and control of the consequences arising from the risk of fire and explosion by reducing the impact / consequences to the level that can be accepted (aceptable level) with a precise cost on gas processing facilities (separation systems, gas processing system and fuel gas system), a semiquantitative analysis is required the risk of fire and explosion. The technique used is to conduct a secondary data analysis (HAZID and HAZOP studies, Bow-tie Analysis and PHAST simulation). The results of this study as a basis for efforts to determine the dominant factors that cause the occurrence of fire and explosion at a gas processing facility. From the simulation results obtained crystal ball that total forecast has the number 4.30 which when seen in the risk matrix was at medium risk which means that the gas processing facility including the safe category/tolerable risk. For sensitivity, pressure changes (16.0%), themperature changes (15.9%) and excess pressure (15.8%), are the factors that are most sensitive to change than other factors. In addition, it can assist in determining the appropriate recommendations to be applied to the gas processing facility.]

Abstrak :
Pertalite merupakan produk minyak yang diidentifikasi sebagai cairan yang dapat menyala lalu memicu kilatan api (flash fire) atau ledakan. PT X, sebuah perusahaan distribusi, menggunakan jalur maritim dan kapal tanker untuk mendistribusikan produk minyak ini. Salah satu jenis kapal tanker yang digunakan adalah Self Propelled Oil Barge (SPOB). Risiko tinggi bahaya kebakaran dan ledakan pada kapal tanker berasal dari produk minyak yang tergolong extremely flammable liquid. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pemodelan kuantitatif yang menggunakan data sekunder perusahaan, studi literatur, serta wawancara pekerja. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Areal Locations Of Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA) berdasarkan skenario terburuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan dari kebocoran tangki berupa jangkauan radiasi termal dari skenario kebakaran pool fire dan overpressure threat zone dari skenario ledakan vapor cloud explosion. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jangkauan konsekuensi kebakaran pool fire mencapai 95 meter, sementara ledakan vapor cloud explosion mencapai 558 meter. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi perusahaan untuk memperhitungkan konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan ini, mempertahankan sistem keselamatan kebakaran dan tanggap darurat yang sudah ada, serta melakukan sosialisasi mengenai konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan kepada pekerja, masyarakat, serta pihak dermaga. ......Pertalite is an oil product identified as a flammable liquid that can ignite and cause flash fires or explosions. PT X, a company involved in oil distribution to transport this oil product. One of the tanker types used is the SPOB. The high risk of fire and explosion hazards on tankers arises from the presence of extremely flammable liquids onboard. This research is a descriptive study that utilizes quantitative modeling, including company secondary data, literature reviews, and employee interviews. The data are then analyzed using the ALOHA software based on worst-case scenarios. The aim of this study is to analyze the consequences of fire and explosion resulting from tank leaks, focusing on the thermal radiation coverage from pool fire scenarios and the overpressure threat zones from vapor cloud explosion scenarios. The results of this study indicate that the range of consequences for pool fires reaches up to 95 meters, while vapor cloud explosions can extend up to 558 meters. Therefore, it is crucial for the company to consider the consequences of fire and explosion, maintain the existing fire safety and emergency response systems, and raise awareness among employees, the local community, and the dockyard about the potential risks.

Abstrak :
This book explains the real causal factors leading up to the worst environmental catastrophe in U.S. history, a disaster from which it will take decades to recover.