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Abstrak :
This cross sectional study was carried out in Jakarta, among institutionalized elderly aged 60 - 74 years. Rabe study reported that there is a high prevalence of low body mass index (BMI) value among the elderly in Jakarta. Ferro-Luzzi et at (1992) and James et al (1988) stated that an adult person with BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2 was proposed being chronic energy deficient (CED) and had functioning and health impairment. General aim of this study is to investigate whether low BMI among elderly is associated with adaptation in energy expenditure and had negative consequences on health. Based on James and colleague classification of BMI, two groups of elderly with different BMI value represented this study. Twenty elderly subjects with BMI < 11.00 kg/m2 (low BMI group) and 20 elderly subjects with BMI 22.0 --25.00 kg/m2 (normal BMI group). To every subject in each group was conducted questionnaires, Hb level measurement, 2 days combined record and recall daily physical activity, 2 days combined food weighing and 24-hour food recall intake, and resting energy expenditure (REE). Body composition was assessed by skinfolds technique and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using Lukaski and Deurenberg equations. Result revealed that fat mass and fat free mass of low BMI subjects are significantly lower than the normal BMI subjects. The low BMI subjects had very low fat mass. However, both groups had same PAL [1.3 X basal Metabolic rate (BMR)]. The low BMI subjects who were considered as CED had similar level of activity of daily living (ADL) as those with normal BMI subjects. Both BMI group had no significant different on the number of health complaint. On the whole, findings indicated that the CED elderly had no physical adaptation and negative consequences on health. Anyway using the cut-off point to define CED proposed by Ferro-Luzzi and colleague for Indonesian elderly needs carefully consideration.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Nama : Yati Sri HayatiProgram Studi : Program Doktor Keperawatan, Fakultas Ilmu KeperawatanUniversitas IndonesiaJudul : Pengembangan Instrumen untuk Mengukur KemandirianKeluarga dalam Merawat Lanjut UsiaKemandirian keluarga dalam merawat lansia menjadi salah satu tujuan pemberianasuhan keperawatan keluarga, namun alat ukur yang ada belum teruji secarastatistik. Tujuan penelitian yaitu memperoleh instrumen yang valid dan reliabeluntuk mengukur kemandirian keluarga dalam merawat lansia. Penelitian dilakukanmulai dari penyusunan item berdasarkan teori serta studi literatur dilanjutkandengan analisis validitas isi sampai dengan konstruk. Jumlah sampel padapenelitian ini sebanyak 295 pelaku rawat lansia dalam keluarga. Hasil penelitiandiperoleh bahwa instrumen akhir terdiri atas 28 item, yaitu tugas kesehatan 16 item,komunikasi efektif 8 item, dan strategi koping 4 item. Hasil penelitian jugaditemukan bahwa tugas kesehatan merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungandengan kemandirian keluarga dalam merawat lansia. Kesimpulan, instrumen yangdikembangkan reliabel dan valid untuk mengukur kemandirian keluarga dalammerawat lansia. Peneliti merekomendasikan untuk menggunakan instrumen ditatanan pelayanan keperawatan keluarga serta dilakukan penelitian selanjutnyamengenai model asuhan keperawatan keluarga dengan lansia.Kata kunci: kemandirian keluarga, tugas kesehatan, komunikasi efektif, strategikoping

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ABSTRACT
Name : Yati Sri HayatiStudy Program : Doctorate Program of Nursing Faculty, University ofIndonesiaTitle : Instrument Development to Measure Family Independencein Caring for ElderlyFamily independence in caring for elderly becomes one of goals in family nursingcare, but the existing measuring tool has not been tested statistically. This researchwas aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument to measure familyindependence in caring for elderly. Research began with item development whichwas constructed based on theories and literature study, followed by content validityanalysis and construct validity. As many as 295 elderly caregiver in the family wereinvolved in this research. The results showed that the instrument consisted of 28items with 16 items for health task, 8 items for effective communication and 4 itemsfor coping strategies. It was also revealed that health task was the factor whichrelated most to the family independence in caring for elderly. Assessing the abilityof families in caring for the elderly is necessary to identify the needs of familiesabout elderly care independently. The resulting instrument needs to be replicated inother areas with more and varied respondents.Key words: family independence, health task, effective communication, copingstrategies

Abstrak :

Jumlah lansia selalu meningkat, begitu juga lansia terlantar, sehingga pemerintahan mendirikan panti sosial. Akibat penuaan, lansia mengalami perubahan yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Metode penelitian deskriptif, pendekatan cross sectional, untuk melihat gambaran kualitas hidup lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha di Jakarta. Responden dipilih dengan simple random sampling (107). Analisis karakteristik responden  menggunakan uji T-Independent dan anova. Penelitian menemukan responden panti werdha kebanyakan lansia muda, lansia lak-laki dan menikah dengan pendidikan rendah, dan tinggal di panti selama 2 tahun keatas. Kesimpulannya, kualitas hidup lansia panti rendah maka, lansia perlu diberikan dukungan sosial adekuat agar merasa diperhatikan, sehingga tercipta kualitas hidup tinggi.

 

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The number of elderly people always increases, as well as abandoned elderly people, so the government has established social institutions. As a result of aging, the elderly experience changes that affect the quality of life. Descriptive research method, cross sectional approach, to describe the quality of life of the elderly at the Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha in Jakarta. Respondents were selected by simple random sampling (107). Analysis of respondent characteristics using independent t-test and anova. The study found that respondents of the panti werdha were mostly young elderly, elderly male and married, with low education, and lived in a nursing home for 2 years and above. In conclusion, the quality of life for the elderly is low, so the elderly need to be given adequate social support in order to feel cared, so that a high quality of life is created.

 

 

 

Abstrak :
Jumlah lansia di dunia maupun di Indonesia terus meningkat sehingga permasalahan kesehatan lansia juga meningkat salah satunya adalah inkontinensia urin. Inkontinensia urin memiliki banyak faktor risiko diantaranya usia, jenis klamin, dll. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor risiko dengan kejadian inkontinensia urin secara statistik dengan menggunakan uji analisis chi-square. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa dari 12 faktor risiko hanya 6 faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian inkontinensia urin dan prevalensi kejadian inkontinensia urin sebesar 28,1%. Peneliti menyarankan agar pihak panti wreda memberikan fasilitas dan juga lingkungan yang memadai agar lansia nyaman dan betah berapa di panti wreda. Kegiatan yang dilakukan juga beragam sehingga lansia tidak gampang bosan dan berdampak pada kesehatannya. ......The number of elderly people in the world as well as in Indonesia continues to rise, and as health problems increase, one is urinalysis. Urinary incontinence has many risk factors between the age, gender, etc. The study aims to establish a link between risk factors and urine incontinence statistically by using a chi-square analysis test. Research suggests that of the 12 risk factors only 6 risk factors are related to incontinent urine events and the prevalence of urine incontinence by 28.1%. Researchers suggest that those in nursing homes provide facilities as well as an adequate environment so that the elderly may feel at home and feel at home. Activities vary as well as make it easier for the elderly to get bored and affect their health.

Abstrak :
Kebanyakan Negara-negara Asia seperti Indonesia, masyarakat meyakini bahwa merawat anggota keluarga yang sudah lansia merupakan beban moral dan bentuk bakti. Hal ini menjadikan populasi lansia yang tinggal bersama dengan keluarga menjadi sangat tinggi khususnya di Kota Depok. Penurunan fungsi fisiologis dan kognitif yang dialami lansia dapat mengakibatkan lansia mengalami malnutrisi dan membutuhkan dukungan orang lain khususnya keluarga untuk membantu memenuhi kebutuhan fisiologis dan psikologisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan status nutrisi lansia dengan desain penelitian cross sectional terhadap 120 lansia di Kota Depok dengan metode conveniece sampling sebagai metode pengambilan sampel. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Perceived Social Support – Family untuk mengukur tingkat dukungan keluarga yang diterima lansia dan Mini Nutritional Assessment untuk mengukur status nutrisi lansia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan keluarga yang diterima lansia cenderung baik dengan skor median 52 dari 60 dan status nutrisi lansia mencapai 51.70% nutrisi baik. Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan Uji Kruskall Wallis dan Post Hoc menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan status nutrisi lansia di Kota Depok. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sumber belajar akademisi ataupun sumber rujukan untuk penelitian selanjutnya serta pengembangan pelayanan keperawatan. ......Most Asian countries such as Indonesia, the community believes that taking care of elderly family members is a moral obligation and a form of devotion. This has resulted in a high population of elderly living with their families, particularly in Depok City. The physiological and cognitive decline experienced by the elderly can lead to malnutrition, necessitating support from others, especially family, to meet their physiological and psychological needs. This study aims to identify the relationship between family support and the nutritional status of the elderly using a cross-sectional research design involving 120 elderly in Depok City. Convenience sampling was used as the sampling method. The instruments used were the Perceived Social Support - Family scale to measure the level of family support received by the elderly and the Mini Nutritional Assessment to evaluate the nutritional status of the elderly. The research findings indicate that the elderly receive good family support, with a median score of 52 out of 60, and the nutritional status of the elderly reaches 51.70% as "good" nutrition. Bivariate analysis using the Kruskall-Wallis test and Post Hoc analysis reveals a significant difference in family support between elderly individuals with good nutritional status and those at risk of malnutrition or malnourished in Depok City. The results of this study can serve as a learning resource for academics and as a reference for further research and the development of nursing services.

Abstrak :
Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik demografi, sosial, ekonomi, lingkungan, perilaku dan disabilitas penduduk lansia di Indonesia. Status kesehatan buruk ditunjukkan oleh apakah memiliki efek negative pada kegiatan lansia (aktifitas terganggu) dengan menggunakan data Susenas 2012. Hasil regresi logistik biner menunjukkan bahwa faktor demografi, sosial, ekonomi, lingkungan, perilaku dan disabilitas memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kesehatan terganggu pada lansia. Selain itu, faktor-faktor tersebut juga mempengaruhi risiko kesehatan terganggu lansia. Lansia dalam kelompok umur tua, berstatus tidak kawin/lainnya, tidak bekerja, pengeluaran menengah keatas, tinggal di kota, mengkonsumsi lainnya air bersih, menggunakan mck tidak sendiri, menggunakan bukan listrik PLN dan mempunyai disabilitas, memiliki peluang lebih tinggi terhadap risiko mengalami kesehatan terganggu.

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This study aimed to determine the demographic, social, economic, environmental, behavioral and disability of elderly health status in Indonesia. Poor health status is indicated by whether is has negative effect on elderly activities (activitas terganggu) is using Susenas 2012 Data. The results of binary logistic regression showed that demographic factors, social, economic, environmental , behaviors and disabilities have a significant influence on poor health of elderly. In addition, these factors also affect the risk of impaired health of the elderly. Elderly in older age groups, status not married / other, not working, middle and upper expenditure, live in cities, consuming more water, using MCK did not own, using instead PLN and have disabilities, have the opportunity higher against the risk of having poor health.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan kesahihan dan keandalan Physical Activity Scale For The Elderly (PASE) versi bahasa Indonesia (PASE-INA) untuk mendapatkan metode kuantifikasi penilaian aktivitas fisik yang sahih dan andal untuk dapat diterapkan pada populasi lansia di Indonesia. Uji kesahihan konstruksi dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Pearson, sedangkan uji keandalan dilakuan dengan menilai intraclass correlation (ICC) untuk keandalan test-retest dan Cronbach’s ? untuk konsistensi internal. Sebanyak 64 orang lansia diwawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner PASE yang sudah diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Wawancara dilakukan sebanyak dua kali, dengan rentang waktu 1-3 minggu. Rerata skor total PASE-INA adalah 123.09(SD 35.48). Seluruh butir PASE-INA terbukti sahih dengan rentang nilai koefisien korelasi 0.310-0.533. Konsistensi internal dari skor total PASE-INA menunjukkan keandalan yang baik, dengan nilai Cronbach’s ? 0.844. Dari uji keandalan ­test-retest didapatkan hasil yang moderat dengan nilai ICC 0.728 (CI 95% 0.590-0.825). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah PASE-INA merupakan kuesioner yang sahih dan andal dalam menilai aktivitas fisik lansia di Indonesia. ......This thesis aims to prove the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the Physical Activity Scale for The Elderly (PASE-INA) to obtain a valid and reliable method of quantification of physical activity assessment to be applicable to the elderly population in Indonesia. Construction validity was tested using the Pearson correlation test, while the reliability test was performed by assessing the intraclass correlation (ICC) for test-retest reliability and Cronbach’s ? for internal consistency. A total of 64 elderly people were interviewed using the PASE questionnaire which had been translated into Indonesian. Interviews were conducted twice within a 1 to 3-weeks interval. The mean PASE-INA total score was 123.09(SD 35.48). All PASE-INA items were proven valid with a correlation coefficient value range of 0.310-0.533. The internal consistency of the PASE-INA total score shows good reliability, with a Cronbach’s ? value of 0.844. From the test-retest reliability test, moderate results were obtained with an ICC value of 0.728 (95% CI 0.590-0.825). The conclusion of this study is that PASE-INA is a valid and reliable questionnaire in assessing the physical activity of the elderly in Indonesia.

Abstrak :
Di Indonesia penduduk lanjut usia (usia 60 tahun ke atas) diperkirakan semakin meningkat. Meningkatnya populasi lanjut usia (lansia) ini perlu diurmuskan kebijakan dan program yang ditujukan pada lansia sehingga dapat berperan dalam pembangunan dan tidak menjadi beban bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi lansia di Kecamatan Porsea, Kabupaten Toba Samosir, Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2010 yang dilakukan selama 2 bulan (Maret-April 2010). Data primer yang diambil berupa pengukuran data antropometri (tinggi badan berat badan) dan wawancara untuk data karakterisik lansia (umur, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, pengetahuan gizi, riwayat sakit dan gangguan suasana hati), faktor sosial ( tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, status tinggal, aktifitas sosial), dan pola hidup (aktifitas fisik, kebiasaan merokok dan konsumsi makanan yaitu asupan energi dan protein). Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional dengan kriteria inklusi lansia yang berumur 60 ke atas dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 254 responden. Analisis yang digunakan adalah chi square, odd ratio dan multivariat regresi multinomial. Proporsi lansia yang berstatus gizi kurang hampir sama (24% dan19,7%). Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan regresi multinomial didapatkan variabel yang secara statistik berhubungan dan faktor dominan dengan status gizi kurang adalah variabel gangguan suasana hati dengan nilai OR=6,9, sedangkan variabel dominan pada status gizi lebih adalah variabel kebiasaan merokok.

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In Indonesia, the elderly population (aged 60 years and over) are expected to rise in amount. Increasing proportion of elderly people (older) is required to formulate elderly policies and programs so them can play a role in development and not be a burden for the society. This objective study aimed to determine factors associated with the nutritional status of elderly in Porsea Subdistrict, Toba Samosir District, Year 2010, North Sumatra Province which conducted within two months (March-April 2010). The primary data were taken in the form of measurements of anthropometric data (height and weight) and interview data for parent characteristics (age, sex, marital status, nutritional knowledge, mood disorder, history of illness) education level, employment status, living status, social activity, physical activity, smoking habits, and food consumption (energy and protein intake). The study using cross sectional design with the inclusion criteria aged 60 above with the total sample of 254 respondents aged above 60 year. Chi square, odd ratio and multivariate multinomial regression analysis were used. The proportions of elderly who suffered from under nutrition was almost the same with the ovenutrition (24% and 19,7% respectively). Results of data analysis using multinomial regression showed mood disorder was significantly correlated and dominant factors on undernourished status with the p-value of OR = 6,9, while the smoking habits was the dominant factors on the overnutrition.

Abstrak :
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta kemampuan mastikasi terhadap status nutrisi pada lansia. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan di 9 kegiatan posbindu lansia yang berada di beberapa wilayah di DKI Jakarta. Jumlah subjek lansia ialah sebanyak 177 subjek yang datang ke kegiatan posbindu lansia. Subjek penelitian dilakukan pemeriksaan klinis standar WHO oleh dua orang pemeriksa, pengukuran antropometri BMI, serta wawancara kuesioner Mini Nutritional Assessment MNA dan penilaian kemampuan mastikasi secara subjektif. Hasil: Prevalensi karies pada 177 subjek lansia berusia 60 tahun ke atas sebesar 84,7 dengan nilai DMF-T 13,88. Ditemukan bahwa 56,8 subjek masih memiliki 20 gigi atau lebih dan 50,8 subjek memiliki kemampuan mastikasi yang baik. Didapatkan pula bahwa 58,8 subjek memiliki status nutrisi yang baik berdasarkan MNA dan 47,5 subjek tergolong kelebihan berat badan berdasarkan BMI. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara skor DMF-T, M-T, jumlah gigi yang tersisa, jumlah gigi sehat, dan kemampuan mastikasi dengan status nutrisi berdasarkan MNA, sedangkan skor DMF-T dan jumlah gigi sehat memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan status nutrisi berdasarkan BMI. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi dan mulut dan kemampuan mastikasi self-assessed terhadap status nutrisi pada lansia. ......Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between oral health status and masticatory ability with nutritional status in elderly. Methods: This cross sectional study was performed in 9 community health centers in several regions in Indonesia rsquo s capital, Jakarta. The study population involved 177 independently living elderly aged 60 and above. Assessment of oral health status was carried out by two examiners. Masticatory ability was assessed by interviewing subjects. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric measurement BMI and Mini Nutritional Assessment MNA by interview method. Results: The caries prevalence of 177 independent elderly subjects is 84,7 , with a DMF T socre of 13,88. One half of the participants still has 20 teeth or more which corresponds to the number of participants with good masticatory ability 50,8 . According to MNA screening, 58,8 of subjects has normal nutritional status and 47,5 of subjects are overweight according to BMI screening. There was a significant association between DMF T score, amount of tooth loss M T , number of remaining teeth, number of sound teeth, and masticatory ability with nutritional status according to MNA score. DMF T score dan number of sound tooth was also significantly associated with BMI. Conclusion: Oral health status and masticatory ability was associated with nutritional status in elderly.