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"Objective: Cancer is a disease that gets serious attention in the medical world. This is due to the ever increasing number of patients and there has been no effective way to treat. Cancer cells have telomerase activity is relatively high compared to normal cells, so the cancer cells have the ability to continue to proliferate. Cancer cells undergo uncontrolled mitosis and have high telomerase activity compared to cells normal. Telomerase is an enzyme responsible for telomere length, a segment of DNA that is the tip of chromosomes in eukaryotic cells. Telomeres are associated with the process of aging and carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of telomerase in some cells such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, and lung cancer. Methods: The research method is experimental studies in several cancer cell cultures in the form of cell line. Cancer cells used were: HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF7 and T47D (breast cancer), WiDr (lung cancer), and Raji (lymphoma) with culture medium RPMI, DMEM, and M199. Vero cells is used (fibroblast cells) as a control (normal cells). Expression of telomerase enzyme was measured by the Immunohystochemistry (IHC) method. Results: The results showed that the cancer cells have activity/higher telomerase expression were highly significant (p<0.01) compared to normal cells (Vero cells). Similarly, the expression of telomerase in HeLa versus WiDr, WiDr versus T47D, T47D versus Raji, and Raji versus MCF7 also showed highly significant differences (p < 0.01). Telomerase expression between cancer cells that showed significant difference (HeLa cells versus Raji cells; HeLa cells versus MCF7 cell; T47D cells versus MCF7 cells) (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the group of HeLa cells versus T47D, WiDr versus Raji cells, and WiDr versus MCF7. Conclusions: It was concluded, that the cancer cells have telomerase expression of specific and different from each other, depending on the type of cell. T47D breast cancer cells have telomerase expression of the highest, followed by cervical cancer cells (HeLa). Lung cancer cells (WiDr) with cell lymphoma (Raji) has almost the same expression and both have lower expression.;"

"Pada dekade terakhir, angka remisi pada kanker anak mengalami kemajuan, akan tetapi masih ada penderita yang mengalami relaps dari seluruh kanker anak. Kondisi relaps tidak hanya berdampak pada fisik saja akan tetapi kesehatan psikis penderita dan keluarganya. Anak kanker dan keluarganya sangat rentan mengalami stres. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi perbedaan stres anak dengan kanker dan orangtuanya pada kondisi relaps. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden anak kanker dan orangtuanya melalui teknik consecutive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen CRIES-13 for child and parents dengan nilai r=0,885-0,890 dengan nilai uji reliabilitas α Cronbach=0,895. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara stres anak dengan kanker dan orangtuanya pada kondisi relaps (p=0,017). Variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap stres anak adalah usia, jenis kelamin, dan jenis kanker sedangkan pada orangtua yaitu jenis kelamin dan status pernikahan. Perawat onkologi anak sebaiknya mampu memberikan intervensi manajemen stres bagi Ibu yang memiliki anak kanker dengan relaps dan mengoptimal dukungan dari ayah. Selain itu, anak kanker juga diberikan edukasi dan pendampingan untuk menurunkan stres yang dialaminya karena kondisi relaps.

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In the last decade, the remission rate in childhood cancer has progressed, but there are still patients who experience relapse of all childhood cancers. Relapse conditions not only have an impact on the physical but also the psychological health of the sufferer and his family. Cancer children and their families are very susceptible to stress. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in stress between children with cancer and their parents in a relapse condition. This study used a cross sectional design with a total sample of 100 respondents with cancer children and their parents through consecutive sampling technique. This study used CRIES-13 for child and parents that r value 0,885-0,890 with α Cronbach=0,895. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the stress of children with cancer and their parents in a relapse condition (p=0.017). Variables that affect children's stress are age, gender, and type of cancer, while for parents are gender and marital status. Pediatric oncology nurses should be able to provide stress management interventions for mothers who have relapsed cancer children and optimize support from fathers. In addition, children with cancer are also given education and assistance to reduce the stress they experience due to their relapse condition."