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Abstrak :
Dermatology Essentials, edited by world authorities Drs. Jean L. Bolognia, Julie V. Schaffer, Karynne O. Duncan, and Christine J. Ko, provides the quick answers you need on every important aspect of dermatology and guidance on their application in your day-to-day practice. Derived from the renowned authoritative reference work Dermatology, 3rd Edition, this on-the-go reference distills the essential information needed to quickly diagnose and manage a wide range of dermatologic disorders-without the need for any additional resources. Review or refresh your knowledge of the fundamentals and diagnostic approaches of skin disease with unique introductory chapters providing the basic principles of dermatology, bedside diagnostics, and clinical approach to a fever and rash - extremely helpful for the beginner. Visualize more of the conditions you see in practice with over 1,500 clinical images, illustrations, and schematics. Avoid diagnostic pitfalls using practical tables, intuitive artworks, and logical algorithms. Find answers fast with a highly user-friendly, "easy-in-easy-out" format and a wealth of tables and schematics for instant visual comprehension. Expedite decision making with easily recognizable DDx and Rx sections to provide rapid direct reference to the expert guidance and treatment recommendations. Downloadable worksheets are also available. Make the most of electronic functionality with access to the complete contents online and in various ebook formats - making it easy to teach impromptu on a tablet in the clinic, or conduct more formal lecturing.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang dan tujuan: Xerosis atau kulit kering merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sering dijumpai pada usia lanjut. Prevalensi xerosis pada usia lanjut berkisar antar 30 ? 58%. Salah satu faktor yang dijumpai pada kulit kering adalah penurunan ekspresi aquaporin-3 (AQP3). Bahan herbal pegagan atau Centella asiatica ekstrak etanol dalam nanopartikel kitosan (CAEENPK) secara in vitro diketahui dapat meningkatkan ekspresi AQP3 pada keratinosit yang berperan dalam hidrasi kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas dan keamanan krim pelembap yang mengandung Centella asiatica ekstrak etanol dalam nanopartikel kitosan 1%, Centella asiatica ekstrak etanol (CAEE) 1%, dan krim pelembap dasar pada populasi geriatri dengan kulit kering. Metode: Penelitian uji klinis acak tersamar buta ganda dilakukan pada 43 orang penghuni panti werdha di Jakarta. Evaluasi skin capacitance (SCap), specified symptom sum score (SRRC), derajat gatal, dan efek samping dilakukan pada awal terapi, minggu kedua, dan keempat. Setelah prakondisi selama satu minggu, setiap subjek penelitian mendapatkan tiga pelembap yang berbeda secara acak pada tiga lokasi di tungkai bawah.Hasil: Tidak didapatkan peningkatan nilai SCap yang berbeda bermakna antara ketiga kelompok pengobatan. Penurunan nilai SRRC setelah empat minggu tidak berbeda bermakna antara ketiga kelompok perlakuan. Derajat gatal pada minggu kedua menurun pada ketiga kelompok, hingga menjadi tidak gatal pada seluruh SP (100%) setelah minggu keempat. Tidak ditemukan efek samping subjektif dan objektif pada ketiga kelompok perlakuan. Kesimpulan: Efektivitas krim pelembap yang mengandung CAEENPK 1% tidak lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan krim pelembap yang mengandung CAEE 1% atau krim pelembap dasar, serta memiliki keamanan yang sama dalam mengatasi kekeringan kulit pada populasi geriatri. Kata kunci: Centella asiatica, nanopartikel, aquaporin-3, hidrasi kulit, geriatri

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ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Xerosis or dry skin is a common health issue found in the elderly. The prevalence rate of xerosis in the elderly ranges between 30 - 58%. One of the factors found on dry skin is decreased expression of aquaporin-3 (AQP3). The herbal plant Centella asiatica ethanol extract in chitosan nanoparticle (CAEENPK) has been found to increase the expression of AQP3 on keratinocytes in vitro which plays a role in skin hydration. This study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of moisturizing cream containing 1% Centella asiatica ehanol extract in chitosan nanoparticle, 1% Centella asiatica ethanol extract (CAEE), and moisturizing cream base in geriatric population with dry skin. Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 43 residents of a nursing home in Jakarta. The evaluation of skin capacitance (SCap), specified symptom sum score (SRRC), pruritic degree, and side effects were measured at baseline, week-2, and week-4 after therapy. After a week of preconditioning, each test subject received three different randomized moisturizing creams to be applied on three separate locations on the lower limbs.Results: There was no significant increase in SCap value among the three treatment groups. The decrease in SRRC value after four weeks did not differ among the three treatment groups. The pruritic degree decreased at the second week of treatment in all three groups and completely diminished after the fourth week among all the test subjects (100%). No objective and subjective side effects were found among the three treatment groups. Conclusion: The efectiveness of moisturizing cream containing 1% CAEENPK is not higher when compared to moisturizing cream containing 1% CAEE or moisturizing cream base. It is also as safe in treating dry skin of geriatric population;;ABSTRAK
Latar belakang dan tujuan: Xerosis atau kulit kering merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sering dijumpai pada usia lanjut. Prevalensi xerosis pada usia lanjut berkisar antar 30 ? 58%. Salah satu faktor yang dijumpai pada kulit kering adalah penurunan ekspresi aquaporin-3 (AQP3). Bahan herbal pegagan atau Centella asiatica ekstrak etanol dalam nanopartikel kitosan (CAEENPK) secara in vitro diketahui dapat meningkatkan ekspresi AQP3 pada keratinosit yang berperan dalam hidrasi kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas dan keamanan krim pelembap yang mengandung Centella asiatica ekstrak etanol dalam nanopartikel kitosan 1%, Centella asiatica ekstrak etanol (CAEE) 1%, dan krim pelembap dasar pada populasi geriatri dengan kulit kering. Metode: Penelitian uji klinis acak tersamar buta ganda dilakukan pada 43 orang penghuni panti werdha di Jakarta. Evaluasi skin capacitance (SCap), specified symptom sum score (SRRC), derajat gatal, dan efek samping dilakukan pada awal terapi, minggu kedua, dan keempat. Setelah prakondisi selama satu minggu, setiap subjek penelitian mendapatkan tiga pelembap yang berbeda secara acak pada tiga lokasi di tungkai bawah.Hasil: Tidak didapatkan peningkatan nilai SCap yang berbeda bermakna antara ketiga kelompok pengobatan. Penurunan nilai SRRC setelah empat minggu tidak berbeda bermakna antara ketiga kelompok perlakuan. Derajat gatal pada minggu kedua menurun pada ketiga kelompok, hingga menjadi tidak gatal pada seluruh SP (100%) setelah minggu keempat. Tidak ditemukan efek samping subjektif dan objektif pada ketiga kelompok perlakuan. Kesimpulan: Efektivitas krim pelembap yang mengandung CAEENPK 1% tidak lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan krim pelembap yang mengandung CAEE 1% atau krim pelembap dasar, serta memiliki keamanan yang sama dalam mengatasi kekeringan kulit pada populasi geriatri. Kata kunci: Centella asiatica, nanopartikel, aquaporin-3, hidrasi kulit, geriatri

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ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Xerosis or dry skin is a common health issue found in the elderly. The prevalence rate of xerosis in the elderly ranges between 30 - 58%. One of the factors found on dry skin is decreased expression of aquaporin-3 (AQP3). The herbal plant Centella asiatica ethanol extract in chitosan nanoparticle (CAEENPK) has been found to increase the expression of AQP3 on keratinocytes in vitro which plays a role in skin hydration. This study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of moisturizing cream containing 1% Centella asiatica ehanol extract in chitosan nanoparticle, 1% Centella asiatica ethanol extract (CAEE), and moisturizing cream base in geriatric population with dry skin. Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 43 residents of a nursing home in Jakarta. The evaluation of skin capacitance (SCap), specified symptom sum score (SRRC), pruritic degree, and side effects were measured at baseline, week-2, and week-4 after therapy. After a week of preconditioning, each test subject received three different randomized moisturizing creams to be applied on three separate locations on the lower limbs.Results: There was no significant increase in SCap value among the three treatment groups. The decrease in SRRC value after four weeks did not differ among the three treatment groups. The pruritic degree decreased at the second week of treatment in all three groups and completely diminished after the fourth week among all the test subjects (100%). No objective and subjective side effects were found among the three treatment groups. Conclusion: The efectiveness of moisturizing cream containing 1% CAEENPK is not higher when compared to moisturizing cream containing 1% CAEE or moisturizing cream base. It is also as safe in treating dry skin of geriatric population. Keywords: Centella asiatica, nanoparticle, aquaporin-3, skin hydration,geriatrics