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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh karbamid peroksida 10% dan 15% terhadap perubahan warna email dengan diskolorasi ekstrinsik oleh teh hitam. Metode: Tiga puluh dua gigi premolar manusia pasca ekstraksi direndam dalam larutan teh hitam selama 8 hari, kemudian dibagi secara acak ke dalam 2 kelompok perlakuan, lalu ditanam dalam microwax. Aplikasi bleaching dilakukan selama 7 jam per aplikasi hingga dilakukan 14 kali aplikasi. Pengukuran warna dengan metode CIE L*a*b* menggunakan VITA Easyshade® dilakukan setelah pewarnaan teh hitam, setelah aplikasi ke-7, dan setelah aplikasi ke-14. Hasil: Uji statistik Independent t-Test menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna nilai ΔE antar kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan efektivitas antara karbamid peroksida 10% dan 15% terhadap diskolorasi ekstrinsik oleh teh hitam.

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ABSTRACT
Objective: to evaluate the effect of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide on colour change of enamel with extrinsic discolouration caused by black tea. Method: Thirty two extracted human premolars were immersed in black tea solution for 8 days, then randomly divided into two groups and mounted in microwax. Specimens then bleached for 7-hour per application for 14 applications. Colour changes were measured after staining, and after 7th and 14th of bleaching application using VITA Easyshade®, then calculated using CIE L*a*b* method. Result: Independent t-Test showed there was no significant difference of ΔE between groups. Conclusion: There was no different effectiveness of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide on human enamel with extrinsic discolouration caused by black tea.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Belimbing wuluh dapat memutihkan warna gigi, namun memiliki pH asam yang dapat mempengaruhi kekasaran email. Penelitian ini menggunakan 35 email gigi sapi yang diaplikasikan dengan gel ekstrak belimbing wuluh Bogor dan Aceh 70%, 80% dan 90% dalam 4 jam selama 14 hari. Berdasarkan analisa statistik uji t berpasangan dan tidak berpasangan, semua kelompok perlakuan mengalami perubahan yang signifikan (p<0.05) setelah 7 hari dan 14 hari aplikasi. Perubahan kekasaran terbesar yaitu kelompok dengan konsentrasi 90%. Perubahan kekasaran dipengaruhi oleh pH gel, konsentrasi gel, lama pepmaparan gel terhadap permukaan gigi.

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ABSTRACT
Bilimbi can be used to bleach the teeth but it has an acidic pH that affect the enamel surface roughness. This study used 35 bovine enamels which was applied by gels containing Bogor and Aceh bilimbi extracts 70%, 80% and 90% in 4 hours per day for 14 days. Results analyzed by Dependent and Independent t-test showed that all groups had significant changes in surface roughness (p<0.05) after 7 and 14 days of application. Group with 90% concentration had the most significant changes in surface roughness. The changes were caused by pH, concentration, and duration of exposure to bilimbi extract gels.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Pengaruh Human Platelat Lysate (HPL) tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF dalam medium kultur HUVEC terhadap ekspresi CD45 belum diketahui sebelumnya. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan HPL tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF terhadap ekspresi CD45 pada HUVEC. Metode: HUVEC dikultur menggunakan FBS 2% dan HPL 2% dengan penambahan EGF dan bFGF serta HPL 2% dan HPL 5% tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF, kemudian ekspresi CD45 dianalisis dengan FACS. Hasil: Ekspresi CD45 pada HPL tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF tidak berbeda dibandingkan dengan FBS dan HPL dengan penambahan EGF dan bFGF. Simpulan: Penggunaan HPL tanpa penambahan EGF dan bFGF dalam medium kultur HUVEC tidak berpengaruh terhadap ekspresi CD45 pada HUVEC.

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ABSTRACT Background: Effect of HPL without additional EGF and bFGF in HUVEC culture medium on CD45 expression has not been studied previously. Objective: To evaluate the effect of HPL without additional EGF and bFGF on HUVEC CD45 expression. Method: HUVEC cultured with FBS 2%, HPL 2% with EGF and bFGF addition, HPL 2% and HPL 5% without EGF and bFGF addition, CD45 expression were then analysed with FACS. Result: CD45 expression of HUVEC cultured in HPL without additional EGF and bFGF were not different significantly compared to FBS and HPL with additional EGF and bFGF. Conclusions: The Use of HPL without additional EGF and bFGF in HUVEC culture medium did not affect HUVEC CD45 expression.

Abstrak :
Dental fusion is the most common problem seen in the primary dentition. The incidence of dental fusion was approximately 0,5 % for deciduous dentition and 0,1% for permanent dentition. Fusion may be complete or incomplete. Its etiology was related to genetic or local factor. These anomaly could result in dental caries, esthetic problem, periodontal disease, dental malocclusion, and hypodontia in permanent dentition. Treatment of fused teeth depends on the location and the extent of fusion. This report describes an incomplete dental fusion wilh dentinal caries occurred on 72 and 73 while 32 was agenesis. The purpose of the treatment was to improve the esthetic performance and subsequently to keep the teeth until the exfoliation time. After the restoration of 72 and 73, the patient feel satisfied.

Abstrak :
elp your patients look better and improve their self-esteem with this complete, user-friendly guide to all of the latest esthetic dentistry procedures that are in high demand. Thoroughl updated by the most renowned leaders in the field, the new third edition of Esthetic Dentistry: A Clinical Approach to Techniques and Materials offers clearly highlighted techniques in step-by-step fashion, with unmistakable delineation of armamentarium, for the treatment of esthetic problems. Hundreds of clinical tips are included throughout the book to help alert you to potential problems, variations on techniques, and other treatment considerations. Plus, an invaluable troubleshooting guide covers the different types of esthetic problems (such as size, discoloration, and spacing issues), potential solutions, and references to chapters where the specific problem is discussed in detail. With this expert reference in hand, you will have all you need to master the latest esthetic procedures that your patients want!"--Publisher's description