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Abstrak :
Tingkat partisipasi masyarakat berkunjung ke posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Air Putih 18,2%. Cakupan tersebut dibawah cakupan Kota Samarinda 24,38% dan Provinsi Kaltim 39,81%. Kondisi tersebut membuat banyak balita yang ada tidak terpantau status gizinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan perilaku kunjungan Posyandu pada ibu balita. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kunjungan rumah dengan pengisian kuesioner secara mandiri oleh responden. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 139 Ibu balita yang dipilih secara acak pada 13 Posyandu. Analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 74,8% Ibu balita memiliki kunjungan rutin ke Posyandu. Faktor yang berhubungan signifikan terhadap perilaku kunjungan ke Posyandu pada ibu balita adalah pekerjaan (p=0,08), pengetahuan (p=0,001), dan sikap (p=0,005). Pengetahuan merupakan faktor yang paling dominan pada penelitian ini, Ibu balita dengan pengetahuan tinggi memiliki peluang 4,5 kali lebih besar melakukan kunjungan rutin ke Posyandu setelah dikontrol variabel pekerjaan dan sikap. Saran bagi Tim Pokjanal Posyandu Kota Samarinda agar melakukan evaluasi capaian D/S dan mengusulkan anggaran Probebaya untuk sosialisasi pentingnya kunjungan rutin ke Posyandu setiap bulan. ......The level of community participation in visiting posyandu in the working area of the Puskesmas Air Putih is 18.2%. This coverage is below the coverage of Samarinda City 24.38% and East Kalimantan Province 39.81%. This condition makes many children under five whose nutritional status is not monitored. This study aims to determine the behavioral determinants of Posyandu visits to Toddler mothers. This study used a cross-sectional design, data collection was carried out through home visits by filling out the questionnaires independently by the respondents. The research sample was 139 Toddler mothers who were randomly selected at 13 Posyandu. Multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 74.8% of Toddler mothers had regular visits to Posyandu. Factors that were significantly related to the behavior of visiting Posyandu on Toddler mothers were work (p=0.08), knowledge (p=0.001), and attitude (p=0.005). Knowledge is the most dominant factor in this study. Mothers with high knowledge have a 4.5 times greater chance of making routine visits to Posyandu after controlling for work and attitude variables. Suggestions for the Samarinda City Posyandu Pokjanal Team to evaluate D/S achievements and propose a Probebaya budget for socializing the importance of routine visits to Posyandu every month.

Abstrak :

Rendahnya pengetahuan keluarga dan tidak adanya pengawasan dari petugas kesehatan pasca rawat inap, dapat menyebabkan anak mengalami berbagai masalah kesehatan dan berisiko untuk rawat ulang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  terbentuknya model asuhan keperawatan mandiri keluarga dengan anak balita pneumonia (ASTANIA) dan pengaruhnya terhadap  kemandirian keluarga dalam merawat anak balita dengan pneumonia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif melalui tiga tahapan; Tahap I yaitu mengidentifikasi kebutuhan keluarga dengan balita pneumonia melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 10 orangtua anak dengan pneumonia yang dirawat di rumah sakit, data dianalisis secara tematik; Tahap II yaitu pengembangan model asuhan keperawatan mandiri keluarga dengan balita pneumonia berdasarkan hasil penelitian tahap I; Tahap III yaitu uji coba model ASTANIA, dengan metode quasi eksperimen pre-post test with control group terhadap 38 responden kelompok intervensi dan 38 responden kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis data membuktikan bahwa setelah dilakukan intervensi selama tiga  bulan terjadi peningkatan perilaku (pengetahuan, persepsi dan keterampilan) dan kemandirian keluarga dalam merawat balita dengan pneumonia. Kesimpulan: Model ASTANIA berpengaruh pada perilaku dan tingkat kemandirian keluarga dengan balita pneumonia. Rekomendasi: perlunya  pelatihan bagi perawat di rumah sakit tentang perencanaan pulang yang terstruktur dan komprehensif khususnya pada balita dengan pneumonia dan perlunya komitmen perawat kesehatan masyarakat dalam memantau kesehatan balita pasca rawat melalui kunjungan rumah secara terjadwal untuk meningkatkan kemandirian keluarga dan mencegah terjadinya kekambuhan.

 

Kata Kunci: ASTANIA; Kemandirian keluarga; Anak dengan pneumonia; Perkesmas.

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Low family knowledge and lack of supervision from post-hospitalized health workers, can cause children to experience various health problems and in risk for re-admission. The purpose of this study is the establishment of a model of family independent care for children under five with pneumonia (ASTANIA) and its effect on family independence in caring for children under five with pneumonia. This research uses qualitative and quantitative methods through three stages; Phase I is identifying family needs of children with pneumonia through in-depth interviews with 10 parents of children with pneumonia who were hospitalized, the data were analyzed thematically; Phase II, namely the development of a model of family independent nursing care for children under five with pneumonia based on the results of the Phase I research; Phase III is the ASTANIA model trial, with a quasi-experimental method pre-post test with control group of 38 respondents in the intervention group and 38 respondents in the control group. The results of data analysis prove that after three months of intervention there has been an increase in behavior (knowledge, perception and skills) and family independence in caring for infants with pneumonia. Conclusion: The ASTANIA model influences the behavior and level of independence of families with children with pneumonia. Recommendations: the need for training for nurses in hospitals on structured and comprehensive discharge planning especially for children under five years with pneumonia and the need for community health nurse commitments in monitoring post-hospitalized chilcren health through scheduled home visits to increase family independence and prevent recurrence.

 

Keywords: ASTANIA; Family independence; Children with pneumonia; Public Relations.