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Abstrak :
Kriopreservasi adalah salah satu prosedur yang termasuk ke dalam serangkaian TRB. Prosedur ini telah secara rutin diaplikasikan untuk penggunaan spermatozoa di masa depan. Namun, pada praktiknya, spermatozoa yang dikriopreservasi akan mengalami penurunan kualitas terutama pada kemampuan motilitasnya, hingga menyebabkan kematian spermatozoa. Penurunan pada parameter spermatozoa pasca thawing diyakini paling utama disebabkan karena produksi berlebih dari ROS akibat kejutan suhu dan osmotik selama proses pembekuan dan pencairan. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan suplementasi antioksidan dengan vitamin C, ALA, dan pentoksifilin pada medium kriopreservasi untuk dianalisis pasca thawing terhadap beberapa parameter di antaranya kualitas spermatozoa, kadar MDA, Indeks Fragmentasi DNA (IFD), dan apoptosis spermatozoa melalui ekspresi caspase-3 pada subyek normozoospermia dan non-normozoospermia. Hasil menunjukkan secara umum antioksidan vitamin C, ALA, dan pentoksifilin cenderung meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa pasca thawing dengan meningkatkan motilitas, cryosurvival dan viability rate. Secara signifikan, peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa pasca thawing ditunjukkan oleh pentoksifilin dengan meningkatkan motilitas pasca thawing dan cryosurvival rate. Ketiga antioksidan cenderung menurunkan konsentrasi MDA dan apoptosis, namun hanya vitamin C yang menurunkan IFD. ......Cryopreservation is one of the procedures included in a series of TRB procedures. This procedure has been routinely applied for future use of spermatozoa. However, practically, cryopreserved spermatozoa will experience a decrease in quality, particularly in their motility ability, which in turn causing cell death. The decrease in post-thawing spermatozoa parameters is believed to be mainly due to the overproduction of ROS due to temperature and osmotic shock during freezing and thawing. In this study, antioxidant supplementation with vitamin C, ALA, and pentoxifylline was supplemented in cryopreservation medium and carried out for post-thawing analysis of several parameters including spermatozoa quality, MDA levels, DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI), and apoptosis through the activation of caspase-3 expression in normozoospermic and non-normozoospermic subject. The results showed that in general, the antioxidants included vitamin C, ALA, and pentoxifylline improved the quality of post-thawing spermatozoa by increasing motility, cryosurvival, and viability rate. The quality of spermatozoa post-thawing was significantly improved by pentoxifylline, which significantly improved motility and cryosurvival rate. The antioxidants reduced the concentration of MDA and apoptosis insignificantly, yet only vitamin C decreased the DFI.

Abstrak :
Vitrifikasi ovarium merupakan metode kriopreservasi menggunakan krioprotektan konsentrasi tinggi, dengan suhu sangat rendah dan laju pendinginan yang sangat cepat sehingga menghasilkan struktur seperti kaca padat. Namun, metode ini memiliki kendala yaitu penggunaan suhu rendah sehingga memicu terbentuknya kristal es yang dapat menyebabkan cryoinjury serta kendala pada pemilihan krioprotektan yang sesuai. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengidentifikasi potensi penggunaan sari kurma (SK) sebagai krioprotektan ekstraseluler alami dan etilen glikol (EG) untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Penelitian terdiri atas 8 kelompok: KKN, KKV (NaCl 0,9%), KKP1 (EG 7,5%), KKP2 (EG 15%), KP1 (EG 7,5% + SK 7,5%), KP2 (EG 7,5% + SK 15%), KP3 (EG 15% + SK 7,5%), dan KP4 (EG 15% + SK 15%). Ovarium diukur dan ditimbang berat sebelum dan sesudah vitrifikasi untuk kemudian di analisis indeks berat ovarium. Preparat ovarium di pulas menggunakan Hematoksilin-Eosin dan Imunohistokimia, kemudian di amati dan analisis terhadap densitas folikel, indeks folikel dan rasio Bax/Bcl-2. Hasil menunjukkan penambahan sari kurma berpengaruh pada penurunan indeks berat ovarium, mempertahankan densitas folikel primer, mempertahankan indeks folikel preantral intak serta menurunkan rasio Bax/Bcl-2 folikel preantral. Oleh hasil tersebut, sari kurma memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai krioprotektan ekstraseluler alami oleh karena kandungan gula dan senyawa antioksidan yang dapat memproteksi folikel preantral pada ovarium sesudah di vitrifikasi ......Ovarian vitrification is a cryopreservation method using high concentration cryoprotectants, using low temperatures and a very fast cooling rate that form a solid glass structure. However, this method has obstacles, the use of low temperatures could trigger the formation of ice crystals which can cause cryoinjury and constraints on the selection of cryoprotectants. The purpose of the study was to identify the potential use of date juice concentrate (DJC) as a natural extracellular cryoprotectant and ethylene glycol (EG) to overcome this problem. The study consisted of 8 groups: KKN, KKV (NaCl 0.9%), KKP1 (EG 7.5%), KKP2 (EG 15%), KP1 (EG 7.5% + DJC 7.5%), KP2 (EG 7.5% + DJC 15%), KP3 (EG 15% + DJC 7.5%), and KP4 (EG 15% + DJC 15%). The ovaries are measured and weight before and after vitrification for the ovarian index. Ovaries stained using Hematoxylin-Eosin and Immunohistochemistry, then analyzed towards the follicular density, follicle index, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The results showed that the addition of DJC had an effect on decreasing the ovarian weight index, maintaining the density of the primary follicles, maintaining the preantral follicle index and decrease the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of preantral follicles. Therefore, DJC has the potential to be used as a natural extracellular cryoprotectant due to the content of sugars and antioxidant compounds that can protect the preantral follicles in the ovaries after vitrification.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang Semakin banyak orang yang memilih untuk menunda menikah, memiliki anak, dan menjadi orang tua. Simpan beku sel telur adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk mempertahankan kesuburan. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, simpan beku sel telur mengalami peningkataan dalam popularitas karena alasan sosial atau non-medis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan persepsi mahasiswa kedokteran di Indonesia terhadap penyimpanan dan pembekuan sel telur untuk alasan sosial. Metode Ini adalah studi potong lintang berbasis survei terhadap mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (FKUI). Penelitian berlangsung dari bulan Agustus 2022 sampai dengan bulan Juli 2023. Total responden 102 mahasiswa. Tiga komponen kuesioner digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data: pengetahuan, sikap, dan persepsi terhadap simpan beku tel telur untuk alasan sosial. Hasil Sebagian besar mahasiswa FKUI memahami mengenai topik kesuburan serta simpan beku sel telur (95%). Mayoritas mahasiswa adalah mahasiswa pre-klinik, dengan 75.6% diantaranya memiliki pengetahuan menengah. Siswa yang mengidentifikasi diri sebagai Muslim atau Katolik cenderung tidak mengeksplorasi mengenai simpan beku sel telur atau preservasi fungsi fertilitas secara umum. Persepsi mahasiswa tentang aksesibilitas dan keterbukaan teknik simpan beku sel telur terhadap alasan non-medis dipengaruhi oleh pertimbangan mereka untuk melakukan pembekuan oosit yang umumnya positif. Kesimpulan Secara umum, mahasiswa memiliki kesadaran terhadap masalah fertilitas dan simpan beku sel telur. Agama berkaitan dengan sikap, yang dapat mempengaruhi persepsi mahasiswa kedokteran di Indonesia terhadap simpan beku telur untuk alasan sosia. ......Introduction In today's society, there are more people who choose to put off getting married, having kids, and becoming parents. Cryopreservation of oocytes is a technique used to maintain fertility. Oocyte freezing has, nevertheless, gained popularity in recent years for social or non-medical reasons. This study aims to understand how medical students in Indonesia feel about oocyte freezing for social reasons. Method Between June and July 2023, a cross-sectional survey including 102 female students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, was carried out. Three components of a questionnaire were used to collect the data: knowledge, attitude, and perception of oocyte freezing for social reasons. Results Most of the students understood fertility issues as well as oocyte freezing (95%). The majority of students were pre-clinical students, with 75.6% of them having intermediate knowledge. Students who identify as Muslim or Catholic are less likely to explore oocyte freezing or fertility preservation in general. The students' perceptions about the accessibility and openness of oocyte freezing to non-medical reasons were influenced by their consideration to undertake oocyte freezing, which are primarily positive. Conclusion Students are mostly aware of fertility awareness and egg freezing. Religion is associated with attitude, in which can influence the perception of female medical students in Indonesia towards social egg freezing

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang Kriopreservasi merupakan proses pembekuan, penyimpanan dan pencairan sel sperma yang sering diindikasikan pada pria infertil yang menjalani Teknologi Reproduksi Berbantu (TRB). Untuk mengurangi kerusakan sel akibat proses kriopreservasi, krioprotektan sering ditambahkan ke dalam sampel sperma yang akan disimpan. Meskipun banyak penelitian telah mengukur parameter kualitas sperma pasca kriopreservasi, tidak ada yang mengukur konsentrasi, viabilitas, motilitas, morfologi, dan fragmentasi DNA dalam sampel sperma yang sama dan dalam kondisi yang sama menggunakan krioprotektan Kitazato. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan perbedaan kualitas sperma sebelum dan sesudah kriopreservasi menggunakan krioprotektan Kitazato. Metode Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental sebelum dan sesudah yang menggunakan sampel sperma dari Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusomo Kencana. Variabel independen adalah penambahan krioprotektan Kitazato ke sampel sperma sebelum pembekuan, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah konsentrasi, motilitas, morfologi, viabilitas dan fragmentasi DNA. Analisis kualitas sperma dilakukan dengan uji mikroskopis menggunakan ruang hitung Makler, pewarnaan Giemsa, pewarnaan Eosin-Nigrosin, dan Sperm Chromatin Dispersion. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji paired T-test dan uji Wilcoxon signed-rank. Hasil Penurunan yang signifikan secara statistik (p < 0,05) diamati pada motilitas, morfologi dan viabilitas antar sel sperma sebelum dan sesudah kriopreservasi menggunakan krioprotektan Kitazato. Namun, tidak ada perbedaan signifikan (p > 0,05) yang diamati pada konsentrasi sperma. Terdapat kenaikan yang dapat diamati pada fragmentasi DNA. Selain itu, tingkat cryosurvival sebesar 50,28% dan tingkat viabilitas sebesar 42,48%. Kesimpulan Kriopreservasi menggunakan krioprotektan Kitazato berdampak signifikan pada beberapa parameter kualitas sperma, seperti motilitas, morfologi, dan viabilitas. ......Introduction Cryopreservation is the process of freezing, storing and thawing of sperm cells that is often indicated for infertile male undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). To reduce cellular damage from the cryopreservation process, cryoprotectant is often added to sperm samples that will be stored. Although numerous studies have measured sperm quality parameters post-cryopreservation, none has measured concentration, viability, motility, morphology, and DNA fragmentation within the same sperm sample and under the same conditions using Kitazato cryoprotectant. Thus, this study aims to compare the difference between sperm quality parameters before and after cryopreservation using Kitazato cryoprotectant. Methods This research was an experimental before-and-after study utilizing sperm samples from Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusomo Kencana. The independent variable was addition of Kitazato cryoprotectant to sperm sample before freezing, whereas the dependent variables were concentration, viability, motility, morphology and DNA fragmentation. Analysis of sperm quality was conducted with microscopic tests using Makler counting chamber, Giemsa staining, Eosin-Nigrosin staining, and Sperm Chromatin Dispersion. Data analysis was conducted using paired T-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results Statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) was observed in sperm motility, morphology and viability between sperm cells before and after cryopreservation using Kitazato cryoprotectant. However, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in sperm concentration. There was an increase observed in DNA fragmentation. Additionally, cryosurvival rate was 50.28% and viability rate was 42.48%. Conclusion Cryopreservation using Kitazato cryoprotectant significantly impacted several sperm quality parameters, such as motility, morphology, and viability.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Sel punca mesenkimal (SPM) sebagai salah satu alternatif terapi kasus sulit dapat diperoleh dari jaringan adiposa. Kemampuan SPM dalam rekayasa jaringan membutuhkan prosedur implantasi SPM yang aman dan bebas kontaminasi. Tindakan minimal invasive pada kasus cedera medulla spinalis dengan terapi implantasi SPM dapat menyebabkan sel tersebut terpajan radiasi sinar-x c-arm. Viabilitas dan waktu penggandaan populasi (WPP) merupakan salah satu komponen utama keberhasilan prosedur implantasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek pajanan sinar-x c-arm terhadap viabilitas dan WPP SPM. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental SPM jaringan adiposa pasca cryopreservation. Sel punca pasca thaw dan propagasi kemudian dilakukan pajanan radiasi sinar-x dengan c-arm. Sel punca kemudian di kultur untuk menilai viabilitas dan waktu penggandaan populasi. Uji Generalized Linear Model untuk menilai perbedaan viabilitas antara besar dosis radiasi. Uji Spearman menilai korelasi perbedaan viabilitas kelompok pasca-radiasi, dan pasca radiasi dan kultur. Uji Kruskall-Wallis menilai WPP kelompok pasca-radiasi antara masing-masing besar dosis. Uji Wilcoxon menilai WPP antara kelompok pre-radiasi dengan kelompok pasca-radiasi. Hasil: Waktu konfluensi kultur sel pasca radiasi rata-rata 4.33 hari. Rerata perbedaan viabilitas antara besar dosis radiasi tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik (p>0.05). Didapatkan korelasi positif viabilitas pasca radiasi dengan besar dosis radiasi namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0.05) namun didapatkan korelasi negatif viabilitas pasca radiasi dan kultur dengan besar dosis radiasi dan bermakna secara statistik. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna median WPP antara kelompok pre-radiasi dan pasca-radiasi (p>0.05) dan perbedaan WPP diantara kelompok pasca radiasi (p>0.05). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan secara statistic viabilitas dan WPP SPM jaringan adiposa pasca pajanan radiasi sinar-x c-arm sampai sampai dosis radiasi 32.34 mSv.

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ABSTRACT
Introduction. The use of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)in tissue engineering require implantation procedure that is safe and free of contamination. Minimally invasive procedure in the case of spinal cord injury using a c-arm device for MSC implantation causes x-ray exposure to the implanted cells. Viability and population doubling time (PDT) is a major component of the success of the implantation procedure. This study aims to determine the effect of c-arm x-ray exposure on MSC viability and PDT. Methods. This was an experimental study that used cryopreserved adipose tissue derived MSCs. Cells were thawed, propagated, and exposed to varying doses of c-arm x-ray radiation. Stem cell viability was measured, and then the cells were cultured to assess their PDT. Generalized linear models test was used to compare cell viability between post-thaw, post-propagation, post-radiation, post-culture post-radiation, and control and between radiation dose groups. Kruskal-Wallis test assessed PDT between various radiation doses in post-radiation groups. Wilcoxon test assessed PDT between pre-radiation and post-radiation groups. Results. Mean confluence period of adipose MSCs post radiation was 4.33 days. There was no statistically significant difference in MSC mean viability after exposure to x-ray radiation between each group and control (p>0.05). There was no significant positive correlation between post radiation viability and radiation dose (p > 0.05), however, there was significant negative correlation between post radiation post culture viability and radiation dose. There were no significant differences in PDT between pre- and post-culture post radiation groups and between various radiation doses in post-radiation groups (p>0.05). Conclusion. No statistical differences in MSC viability and PDT after x-ray radiation exposure of c-arm up to 32.34 mSv;Introduction. The use of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)in tissue engineering require implantation procedure that is safe and free of contamination. Minimally invasive procedure in the case of spinal cord injury using a c-arm device for MSC implantation causes x-ray exposure to the implanted cells. Viability and population doubling time (PDT) is a major component of the success of the implantation procedure. This study aims to determine the effect of c-arm x-ray exposure on MSC viability and PDT. Methods. This was an experimental study that used cryopreserved adipose tissue derived MSCs. Cells were thawed, propagated, and exposed to varying doses of c-arm x-ray radiation. Stem cell viability was measured, and then the cells were cultured to assess their PDT. Generalized linear models test was used to compare cell viability between post-thaw, post-propagation, post-radiation, post-culture post-radiation, and control and between radiation dose groups. Kruskal-Wallis test assessed PDT between various radiation doses in post-radiation groups. Wilcoxon test assessed PDT between pre-radiation and post-radiation groups. Results. Mean confluence period of adipose MSCs post radiation was 4.33 days. There was no statistically significant difference in MSC mean viability after exposure to x-ray radiation between each group and control (p>0.05). There was no significant positive correlation between post radiation viability and radiation dose (p > 0.05), however, there was significant negative correlation between post radiation post culture viability and radiation dose. There were no significant differences in PDT between pre- and post-culture post radiation groups and between various radiation doses in post-radiation groups (p>0.05). Conclusion. No statistical differences in MSC viability and PDT after x-ray radiation exposure of c-arm up to 32.34 mSv, Introduction. The use of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)in tissue engineering require implantation procedure that is safe and free of contamination. Minimally invasive procedure in the case of spinal cord injury using a c-arm device for MSC implantation causes x-ray exposure to the implanted cells. Viability and population doubling time (PDT) is a major component of the success of the implantation procedure. This study aims to determine the effect of c-arm x-ray exposure on MSC viability and PDT. Methods. This was an experimental study that used cryopreserved adipose tissue derived MSCs. Cells were thawed, propagated, and exposed to varying doses of c-arm x-ray radiation. Stem cell viability was measured, and then the cells were cultured to assess their PDT. Generalized linear models test was used to compare cell viability between post-thaw, post-propagation, post-radiation, post-culture post-radiation, and control and between radiation dose groups. Kruskal-Wallis test assessed PDT between various radiation doses in post-radiation groups. Wilcoxon test assessed PDT between pre-radiation and post-radiation groups. Results. Mean confluence period of adipose MSCs post radiation was 4.33 days. There was no statistically significant difference in MSC mean viability after exposure to x-ray radiation between each group and control (p>0.05). There was no significant positive correlation between post radiation viability and radiation dose (p > 0.05), however, there was significant negative correlation between post radiation post culture viability and radiation dose. There were no significant differences in PDT between pre- and post-culture post radiation groups and between various radiation doses in post-radiation groups (p>0.05). Conclusion. No statistical differences in MSC viability and PDT after x-ray radiation exposure of c-arm up to 32.34 mSv]

Abstrak :
Kriopreservasi sperma pada ikan kancra (Tor soro Valenciennes, 1842) merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan waktu pemijahan yang berbeda antara induk jantan dan induk betina. Penelitian ini menggunakan metanol sebagai krioprotektan intraseluler dan susu skim sebagai krioprotektan ekstraseluler. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh metanol dan susu skim sebagai krioprotektan terhadap kualitas serta kemampuan fertilisasi sperma Tor soro pascakriopreservasi 48 jam. Krioprotektan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metanol 10 % dan susu skim dalam berbagai konsentrasi (5%; 10%; 15%; 20%; dan 25%). Rasio sperma dan larutan pengencer dalam penelitian ini yaitu 1:9. Ekstender yang digunakan yaitu larutan fish Ringer. Sperma disimpan dalam deep freezer pada suhu –34 ^oC selama 48 jam. Sperma segar dievaluasi terlebih dahulu untuk menguji kelayakan sperma untuk kriopreservasi. Sperma segar dievaluasi secara makroskopik (warna, volume sperma dan pH), secara mikroskopik (motilitas, viabilitas, dan abnormalitas), dan kemampuan fertilisasi dengan menghitung jumlah telur yang terfertilisasi. Sperma pascakriopreservasi 48 jam dievaluasi dengan cara mikroskopik dan dilihat kemampuan fertilisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa krioprotektan metanol 10% dengan berbagai konsentrasi susu skim mempunyai pengaruh nyata pada beberapa konsentrasi (P<0,05) terhadap motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas dan kemampuan fertilisasi. Berdasarkan uji statistik one-way ANAVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Penggunaan metanol 10% dengan susu skim 10% merupakan konsentrasi terbaik yang menghasilkan motilitas 82,90 ± 1,40%; viabilitas 79,00 ± 2,16%; abnormalitas terendah 27,75 ± 1,26% serta kemampuan fertilisasi 91,25 ± 2,21%. ......Cryopreservation sperm of kancra fish (Tor soro Valenciennes, 1842) is one of the solutions to overcome the problems related to different spawning times between male and female broodstock. This study used cryoprotectant methanol as intracellular cryoprotectant and skim milk as extracellular cryoprotectant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of methanol and skim milk as cryoprotectant on the quality and ability of sperm fertilization of Tor soro 48 hours post-cryopreservation. Cryoprotectants used in this study were methanol 10% and skim milk in various concentrations (5%; 10%; 15%; 20%; and 25%). The ratio of sperm and diluent solution in this study was 1:9. Extenders used are fish Ringer's solution. Sperm is stored in the deep freezer at a temperature of –34 ^oC for 48 hours. Fresh sperm is evaluated first to test the sperm eligibility for cryopreservation. Fresh sperm is evaluated macroscopically (color, sperm volume and pH), microscopically (motility, viability and abnormality), and the ability of fertilization by calculating the ability of fertilization. Post-cryopreservation sperm was evaluated microscopically and fertilization ability. The results showed that 10% methanol cryoprotectant and various concentrations of skim milk had a significant effect on several concentrations (P<0.05) on motility, viability, abnormality and fertilization ability. Based on the ANOVA one-way statistical test followed by the Tukey test. Optimum cryoprotectant of methanol 10% and skim milk 10% are the best concentrations that produce motility of 82.90 ± 1.40%; viability 79.00 ± 2.16%; the lowest abnormality was 27.75 ± 1.26% and the fertilization ability was 91.25 ± 2.21%.

Abstrak :
Kriopreservasi sperma ikan kerapu kertang Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch, 1790) merupakan suatu teknik untuk membantu mengatasi masalah pemijahan yang tidak sinkron antara induk ikan kerapu kertang. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsentrat kurma dan gliserol sebagai krioprotektan. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian konsentrat kurma dan gliserol terhadap kualitas sperma yaitu motilitas, viabilitas, dan abnormalitas 48 jam pascakriopreservasi serta kemampuan fertilisasinya dengan ikan kerapu macan Epinephelus fuscogutatus (Forskal, 1775). Konsentrat kurma yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan berbagai konsentrasi, yaitu 0%; 5%; 10%; 15%; 20%; dan 25%. Rasio antara sperma dengan larutan pengencer yang digunakan yaitu 1:9. Ekstender yang digunakan yaitu larutan marine fish Ringer. Kualitas sperma segar terlebih dahulu dievaluasi secara makroskopis (volume, pH, warna, dan bau) dan secara mikroskopis (motilitas, viabilitas, dan abnormalitas) untuk menguji kelayakan sperma yang akan dikriopreservai dan kemampuan fertilitasnya dengan menghitung persentase fertilisasi. Kriopreservasi dilakukan pada freezer dengan suhu -20⁰C selama 48 jam. Spermatozoa hasil kriopreservasi digunakan untuk membuahi sel telur ikan kerapu macan. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik ANOVA satu arah dilanjutkan dengan Uji Tukey, diketahui bahwa kombinasi konsentrat kurma dengan berbagai konsentrasi dan gliserol memiliki nilai rata-rata yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap motilitas dan abnormalitas sperma pascakriopreservasi (P<0,05), akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap viabilitasnya. Meskipun demikian hasil fertilisasinya dengan ikan kerapu macan menunjukkan hasil yang berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05). Hasil terbaik ditunjukkan pada konsentrasi konsentrat kurma 10% dengan nilai persentase 76,70 ± 1,54% pada motilitas sperma, nilai persentase viabilitas yaitu 77,67 ± 5,78%, serta nilai kemampuan fertilisasi yaitu 66,25 ± 3,23%, dengan nilai persentase rata-rata abnormalitas 21,53 ± 0,84%. ......Cryopreservation of giant grouper sperm Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch, 1790) is a technique to overcome the problem of unsynchronized spawning of grouper. Glycerol and palm dates were used as a cryoprotectant. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of palm date concentrate and glycerol on motility, viability, and abnormality 48 hours postcryopreservation and the ability of fertilization using giant grouper sperm postcryopreservation with tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscogutatus). The palm date concentrations used in this study were 0%; 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The ratio between sperm and diluent solution was 1:9. The extender used in this study is a marine fish Ringer solution. Fresh sperm were evaluated macroscopically (volume, pH, color, and odor) and microscopically (motility, viability, and abnormality) to test the sperm feasibility for cryopreservation and fertility ability by calculating the percentage of fertilization. Sperm was stored in a freezer -20⁰C for 48 hours. Spermatozoa postcryopreservation were used to fertilize tiger grouper eggs. Based on the results of statistical tests of one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey Test, it was shown that palm date concentrate with various concentrations had an average value that significantly affected motility sperm and abnormality after cryopreservation (P<0.05), but had no significant effect (P>0.05) to viability. However, the results of fertilization with tiger grouper showed a significant effect (P<0.05). The best results were shown in the concentration of 10% palm date concentrate with a percentage value of 76.70 ± 1.54% in motility sperm, the value of the viability percentage is 77.67 ± 5.78%, and the value of fertilization ability is 66.25 ± 3.23%, with an average percentage value of abnormality is 21.53 ± 0.84%.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kriopreservasi merupakan metode penyimpanan materi genetik pada suhu yang rendah dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Manfaat kriopreservasi salah satunya untuk mengatasi masalah penurunan populasi. Ikan kancra merupakan salah satu spesies dari famili Cyprinidae yang populasinya semakin menurun sehigga diperlukan upaya pelestarian. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan kriopreservasi salah satunya adalah krioprotektan. Krioprotektan alami digunakan karena memiliki toksisitas yang lebih rendah dibanding krioprotektan dari bahan kimia. Kuning telur merupakan krioprotektan alami yang dapat menjaga sel selama proses kriopreservasi. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu mengevaluasi efek kuning telur ayam kampung sebagai krioprotektan alami terhadap motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas dan fertilisasi spermatozoa 48 jam pascakriopreservasi. Konsentrasi kuning telur ayam kampung yang digunakan yaitu: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% dan 25%. Rasio yang digunakan untuk pengenceran sperma yaitu 1:10. Analisis data menggunakan uji ANAVA kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Berdasarkan hasil uji ANAVA satu arah diketahui bahwa krioprotektan kuning telur ayam kampung yang dikombinasikan dengan metanol 10% memberikan pengaruh (P<0,05) terhadap motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas dan fertilitas spermatozoa pascakriopreservasi. Konsentrasi kuning telur 5% merupakan konsentrasi optimum yang dapat mempertahankan persentase motilitas, viabilitas dan fertilitas tertinggi masing-masing 84,06 ± 1,67%, 82,13 ± 1,75% dan  92,96 ± 1,94% serta nilai persentase abnormalitas terendah 25,25 ± 2,22%.

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ABSTRACT
Cryopreservation is a method of storing genetic material at low temperatures for long periods of time. One of the benefits of cryopreservation is to overcome the problem of population decline. The kancra fish is one of the species of the Cyprinidae family whose population is declining so that conservation efforts are needed. One of the factors that influence the success of cryopreservation is cryoprotectant. Natural cryoprotectants are used because they have lower toxicity than cryoprotectants from chemicals. Egg yolk is a natural cryoprotectant that can maintain cells during the cryopreservation process. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of egg yolk as natural cryoprotectants on motility, viability, abnormalities, and fertilization of 48-hour spermatozoa after cryopreservation. Concentrations of free-range chicken egg yolk used are: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The ratio used for sperm dilution is 1:10. Data analysis using the ANAVA test and then followed by the Tukey test. Based on the results of the one-way ANAVA test, it was found that cryoprotectant of free-range chicken egg yolk combined with 10% methanol had an effect (P <0.05) on motility, viability, abnormality, and fertility of post-cryoprotected spermatozoa. Egg yolk concentration of 5% was the optimum concentration that can maintain the highest percentage of motility, viability and fertility, respectively 84.06 ± 1.67%, 82.13 ± 1.75% and 92.96 ± 1.94% and the percentage value the lowest abnormality was 25.25 ± 2.22%.

Abstrak :

Upaya budi daya T. soro mengalami kesulitan akibat matang gonad jantan dan gonad betina terjadi tidak secara bersamaan. Kriopreservasi sperma T. soro dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan proses kriopreservasi adalah penggunaan krioprotektan. Peneliti menggunakan krioprotektan metanol 10% dan krioprotektan berbahan dasar alami sari kurma dengan konsentrasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25%. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengevaluasi efek sari kurma sebagai krioprotektan alami dengan kombinasi metanol 10% terhadap kualitas sperma (motilitas spermatozoa, viabilitas spermatozoa, dan abnormalitas spermatozoa) serta persentase fertilitas T. soro 48 jam pascakriopreservasi. Rasio pengenceran yang digunakan adalah 1:10. Penyimpanan dilakukan pada freezer dengan suhu -10 °C selama 48 jam. Hasil uji ANAVA satu arah menunjukkan bahwa pemberian berbagai konsentrasi sari kurma dengan kombinasi metanol 10% berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap viabilitas spermatozoa, abnormalitas spermatozoa, dan kemampuan fertilisasi spermatozoa 48 jam pascakriopreservasi. Metanol 10% dan sari kurma 10% merupakan kombinasi krioprotektan dengan konsentrasi optimum yang mampu mempertahankan persentase motilitas tertinggi 81.29 ± 1.01%, persentase viabilitas tertinggi 80.75 ± 1.19%, persentase abnormalitas terendah 21.5 ± 1.29%, serta persentase fertilitas tertinggi 88,50 ± 1,73% spermatozoa T. soro 48 jam pascakriopreservasi. 

 

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Tor soro cultivation has several obstacles including gonad synchronization. Tor soro cryopreservation of sperm can be used as an alternative to solve the problem. One of the success factors of cryopreservation is cryoprotectant. Researchers used a 10% methanol and date palm juice (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25%) as cryoprotectant. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of date palm juice as a natural cryoprotectant with a combination of 10% methanol on sperm quality (spermatozoa motility, viability, and abnormality) and the percentage of fertility of T. soro 48 hours post-cryopreservation. The dilution ratio used was 1:10. Storage was carried out in the freezer at a temperature of -10 °C for 48 hours. The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that various concentrations of date palm juice in combination with methanol 10% had a significant effect (P<0.05) on percentage of spermatozoa viability, spermatozoa abnormality, and spermatozoa fertility of 48 hours post-cryopreservation. The combination of 10% methanol and 10% date palm juice was the optimum concentration that was able to maintain the highest motility percentage 81.29 ± 1.01%, the highest viability percentage 80.75%  ± 1.19%, the lowest abnormality percentage 21.5 ± 1.29%, and the highest fertility percentage 88.50 ± 1.73%.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Ikan kancra (Tor soro) merupakan salah satu spesies dari Genus Tor yang mengalami penurunan populasi karena kegiatan eksploitasi dan kendala pematangan gonad. Kriopreservasi dapat dijadikan sebagai cara untuk mengatasi penurunan populasi dan menjaga kelestarian dari T. soro. Keberhasilan dari kriopreservasi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya krioprotektan. Krioprotektan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu sari kedelai dan metanol. Sari kedelai memiliki lesitin yang mampu melindungi bagian luar sel, sedangkan metanol memiliki berat molekul yang kecil sehingga mampu menembus membran sel dan melindungi bagian dalam sel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh krioprotektan sari kedelai dengan berbagai konsentrasi (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25%) terhadap motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas, dan fertilitas spermatozoa T. soro 48 jam pascakriopreservasi pada suhu -10 oC. Analisis data menggunakan uji ANAVA satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sari kedelai berbagai konsentrasi dan metanol 10% memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap persentase motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa T. soro 48 jam pascakriopreservasi (P<0,05). Sari kedelai 5% dan metanol 10% merupakan kombinasi krioprotektan dengan konsentrasi optimum dalam mempertahankan persentase motilitas (84,37 ± 1,54%), viabilitas (78,00 ± 2,37%), dan fertilitas (97,50 ± 1,91%), serta menghasilkan persentase abnormalitas terendah (23,00 ± 2,58%) pada spermatozoa T. soro 48 jam pascakriopreservasi.

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ABSTRACT
Kancra fish (Tor soro) is a species of the Genus Tor that has decreased population due to exploitation activities and gonad maturation problems. Cryopreservation is a way to overcome population decline and preserve T. soro resources. The success of cryopreservation is influenced by several factors, one of which is cryoprotectant. Cryoprotectants used in this study were soybean milk and methanol. Soybean milk has lecithin which can protect the outside part of cells, while methanol has a small molecular weight so that it can penetrate the cell membranes and protect the inner part of cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of soybean milk cryoprotectants in various concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) on motility, viability, abnormality, and fertility of T. soro spermatozoa 48 hours post-cryopreservation at -10oC. Data analysis used a one-way ANOVA test and followed by the Tukey test. The results showed that the addition of soybean milk in various concentrations and 10% methanol had a significant effect on the motility and viability percentage of T. soro spermatozoa 48 hours post-cryopreservation (P<0.05). The 5% soybean milk and 10% methanol were cryoprotectant combination with optimum concentrations in maintaining the motility percentage (84.37 ± 1.54%), viability percentage (78.00 ± 2.37%), fertility percentage (97.50 ± 1.91%), and produced the lowest abnormality percentage (23.00 ± 2.58%) of T. soro spermatozoa 48 hours post-cryopreservation.