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"Pada tahun 2015 Litbang Kemenkes melaksanakan riset implementasi model Pemicuan Pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular Berbasis Masyarakat P2TMBM di delapan kabupaten/kota. Model ini bertujuan untuk mengendalikan penyakit tidak menular seperti hipertensi, stroke, kencing manis dan jantung koroner melalui pengendalian perilaku berisiko yaitu merokok, pola makan tidak sehat dan kurang aktivitas fisik. Implementasi model dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pemicuan terhadap 20 orang agen perubahan di setiap desa yang terdiri dari tokoh masyarakat dan kader kesehatan. Tujuan tesis ini adalah untuk mengetahui pentingnya modal social dalam implementasi model P2TMBM di Desa Benda. Penelitian dengan desain kualitatif telah dilakukan di Desa Benda, Kecamatan Cicurug, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Metode pengumpulan data adalah wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah model P2TMBM terlalu berfokus kepada perubahan perilaku kesehatan individu dan belum memperhitungkan faktor di luar individu seperti konteks sosial. Peran modal sosial di dalam implementasi model P2TMBM di Desa Benda tidak terlalu signifikan. Model P2TMBM diimplementasikan tanpa terlebih dahulu mengetahui struktur dan jaringan sosial di Desa Benda. Implementasi model P2TMBM di Desa Benda kurang relevan untuk dilaksanakan karena masyarakat belum menganggap PTM adalah suatu masalah penting. Implementasi model P2TMBM di Desa Benda kurang efektif karena hasil dari implementasi model ini hanya berlangsung dalam jangka pendek. Sustainabilitas dalam model ini juga belum dapat tercapai karena terbatasnya kemampuan dan sumber daya agen perubahan untuk membuat implementasi model terus berkelanjutan. Potensi modal sosial komunitas juga belum dimanfaatkan untuk menunjang sustainabilitas. Untuk penyempurnaan model P2TMBM diperlukan skema model yang memperhitungkan pengaruh konteks sosial terhadap perubahan perilaku pola hidup sehat individu dan skema model yang bertumpu pada modal sosial komunitas yaitu jaringan sosial, kepercayaan serta pengetahuan dan nilai-nilai lokal masyarakat.

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In 2015, National Health Research and Development Ministry of Health of Indonesia has implemented NCD rsquo s community based prevention model in 8 Indonesia regency. The objective of this model is to control NCD rsquo s such as hypertension, stroke, diabetes, coronary heart through community empowerment. 20 people were trained as agents of change in every village. Agents of change were expected to encourage people to do healthy lifestyles such as not smoking, eating healthy food and increasing physical activity. This study aims to understand the importance of social capital in the implementation of NCDs prevention model in Benda village. A qualitative research design has been conducted in Benda village, Sukabumi Regency. The methods for data collection were in depth interview and observation. The result of this study is NCDs prevention model too much focus on individual health behavior change. The influence of social context hasn rsquo t been noticing in this model. The role of social capital in Benda village wasn rsquo t significant in the implementation of NCD rsquo s prevention model. This model has implemented without knowing the structure and social network of Benda village community. People in Benda village also haven rsquo t put NCD rsquo s as their main problem. As a result, this model wasn rsquo t relevance implemented in this village. The implementation of this model was less effective because the health behavior change only occurs temporarily. The sustainability of this model hasn rsquo t reached yet due to less capacity and resources of agents of change. The potential of social capital has not been utilized to support the sustainability of non communicable disease prevention model in Benda village. To improve NCDs prevention model needs a model scheme which considers the influence of social context on healthy lifestyles behavior change. The NCDs prevention model also developed based on social capital such as social networks, trust and local knowledge and values."

"Saat ini Tuberkulosis TB menempati urutan kesembilan penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia ada 351.893 kasus TB pada tahun 2016, meningkat dari 330.729 kasus di tahun 2015. Berdasarkan Profil Kesehatan Kota Bekasi untuk angka kesembuhan Kota Bekasi pada tahun 2017 sebesar 74,2 belum ada peningkatan yang signifikan bila dibandingkan dengan angka kesembuhan tahun 2016 dan 2015 sebesar 74 yang mana target angka kesembuhan Kota Bekasi yaitu sebesar 85. Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis Terpadu SITT adalah aplikasi yang digunakan dalam pelaporan TB dalam rangka pengendalian TB. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran input, proses, dan output dari pelaksanaan SITT. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi serta telah dokumen. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bekasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan SITT ditemukannya hambatan dimana tingkat keterampilan SDM yang berbeda dalam melakukan pelaporan melalui SITT sehingga perlu dilakukannya perbaikan seperti pelatihan, ketersediaan alat penunjang hardware dalam pelaksanaan SITT yang terbatas akibatnya percepatan proses pelaporan terhambat.

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Tuberculosis TB is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide. In Indonesia there were 351,893 TB cases in the year 2016, rising from 330,729 cases in the year 2015. Based on The Health Profile of Bekasi City the healing numbers in the year 2017 of 74.2 there has not been a significant improvement than 2015 and 2016 of 74 which is the target numbers healing of Bekasi City is 85. Integrated Tuberculosis Information System ITIS is an application used in the reporting of TB in order to control TB. The purpose of this research is to overview the input, process, and output of ITIS. This is the descriptive research with qualitative approach. Data sources used by primary and secondary data obtained through in depth interviews, observation and document. This research was carried out at Bekasi Department of Health. Based on the research found that there are barriers which the human resources have a different level of skill in the reporting of TB through ITIS then it needs to be improved such as training, and also availability of supporting hardware in implementing the ITIS is limited and it makes the acceleration of the process of reporting is hampered."

"The first book was on "Theory and practice" of antibiotic stewardship in its broadest sense -the how to do it and the do's and don’ts. The second, on "Controlling resistance" was very much on the relationships between use and resistance and beginning to home in on the hospital as the main generator of resistance, but mainly looking at it from a disease/clinical perspective. The last 3 chapters on MRSA, ended where the 3rd book will take off. "Controlling HAI " will concentrate on specific MDR organisms highlighting their roles in the current pandemic of HAI and emphasizing that the big issue is not so much infection control but antibiotic control, in the same way that antibiotic over-reliance/ over-use has caused the problem in the first place. Up 'till now the emphasis for controlling MRSA, C diff and all the other MDROs has very much been on IC, which clearly isn't working. This book will gather all the evidence for the increasingly popular view that much more must be done in the area of antibiotic policies/ stewardship, especially when we are in danger of a "post antibiotic" era, due to a real shortage of new agents in the pipeline."