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"Peningkatan jumlah lanjut usia di Indonesia sering diiringi dengan peningkatan gangguan kognitif. Leptin diketahui memiliki fungsi protektif terhadap fungsi kognitif pada lanjut usia, namun hingga saat ini hasil temuan peran leptin pada fungsi kognitif masih beragam, dan belum banyak dibahas di Indonesia. Selain itu peneliti melakukan analisis tambahan menggunakan Food Record dan penilaian antropometri pada subjek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar plasma leptin dengan fungsi kognitif pada lanjut usia di Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupkan penelitian analitik deskriptif potong lintang yang menggunakan purposive sampling sebagai metode pengambilan sampel. Subjek merupakan lanjut usia yang bertempat tinggal di Panti Sosial yang kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan fungsi kognitif menggunakan instrumen MoCA-INA, kuesioner IADL, GPAQ, Food Record, plasma leptin, komposisi tubuh serta antropometri, yang dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil dari penelitian, karakteristik subjek berusia 60-74 tahun, dengan mayoritas jenis kelamin wanita (69,1%), dengan status gizi normal (45,5%), massa lemak berkisar antara 18,10-57,10 %, massa otot berkisar antara 20,20-57,50 kg. Mayoritas tidak merokok, tingkat pendidikan rendah (≤ 12 tahun wajib belajar), aktifitas fisik sedang dengan keseluruhan kapasitas fungsional subjek mandiri. Sebesar (96,4%) lanjut usia mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif, kadar leptin plasma memiliki nilai terendah 1,4 ng/mL, tertinggi 119,48 ng/m dengan median 6,2 ng/mL. Pada analisis bivariat ditemukan kadar leptin, IMT (Indeks Massa Tubuh), massa lemak, pendidikan, dan IADL memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan fungsi kognitif pada lanjut usia di Jakarta. Korelasi kadar leptin plasma dengan fungsi kognitif pada lanjut usia di Jakarta memiliki korelasi positif sedang dengan nilai r 0,52 dan signifikansi 0,000.

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The increasing of elderly population often accompanied by a rise in cognitive disorders. Leptin is known to have a protective function against cognitive decline in elderly. However, current finding regarding the role of leptin in cognitive function is vary, and has not been extensively discussed in Indonesia. Food record and anthropometric assessment is conducted as an additional analyses on subject. Aim of this study is to determine the relationship between plasma leptin levels and cognitive function in the elderly in Jakarta. This is a cross sectional descriptive analytical research using purposive sampling as the sampling method. Subject are elderly residing in social welfare home, and being assessed using MOCA-INA instrument, IADL and GPAQ questionnaire, plasma leptin, body composition, anthropometric and Food Record are measured. The data is analysed through univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis.

Result of this study are subject characteristic of age ranging from 60-74 years, with female as the majority (67.5%), normal nutritional status (46.2%), body fat ranging from 18.10 to 57.10 %, muscle mass 20.20 to 57.50 kg. Majority of subject do not smoke, have a low education level (≤ 12 year of education), engage in moderate physical activity, and having independent functional capacity. A total of 96.2% of the subject experience cognitive impairment. Plasma leptin levels ranging from 1.4 to 8.5 ng/mL, with median of 5.9 ng/mL. There is a significant relationship between leptin levels, body mass index, body weight, total body fat, education and IADL with cognitive function in the elderly in Jakarta. The correlation between plasma leptin levels and cognitive function in the elderly in Jakarta, shows a moderately positive correlation with r value of 0.47 and a significance of 0.000."

"Selama penuaan, lansia mengalami penurunan kemampuan yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada pemenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari. Gangguan kemampuan yang dapat dialami lansia diantaranya status kognitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status kognitif dengan status fungsional lansia di Kelurahan Pancoran Mas Kota Depok. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 108 lansia yang tinggal di Kelurahan Pancoran Mas dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner Mini Mental State Examination MMSE dan Instrumental Activity Daily Living IADL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara status kognitif dengan status fungsional lansia p value = 0,000; a = 0,05; OR = 37,000 . Hasil penelitian ini yaitu gangguan kognitif pada lansia dapat memberikan dampak lebih lanjut pada status fungsional lansia dan kualitas hidup lansia. Hendaknya, pelayanan kesehatan melalui instansi Puskesmas dan Posbindu dapat memberikan stimulasi kognitif dan mengajak lansia berpartisipasi pada lingkungan untuk menurunkan risiko kebergantungan lansia pada lingkungan.

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During aging, the elderly experience a decrease in ability that can cause disruption to the fulfillment of daily needs. Impaired ability that can be experienced by elderly include cognitive status. This study aims to determine the relationship of cognitive status with functional status of older people in Kelurahan Pancoran Mas Depok City.. The number of samples was 108 older people taken by proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected using Mini Mental States Examination MMSE and Instrumental Activity Daily Living IADL questionnaires.

The results showed that there was significant correlation between cognitive states and functional status p value 0,000 a 0,05 OR 37,000. The results of this study are cognitive impairment in the elderly can provide further impact on the functional status. The health services through Puskesmas and Posbindu should encourage elderly to participate in the environment to reduce the risk of functional impairment of older people on the community."

"Peningkatan populasi lansia di Indonesia menimbulkan tantangan kesehatan, termasuk penurunan fungsi kognitif yang dapat memengaruhi kemandirian dan kualitas hidup. Stimulus kognitif, seperti permainan tradisional congklak, menawarkan solusi yang mudah diakses. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efek permainan congklak terhadap fungsi kognitif lansia menggunakan MoCA-Ina. Penelitian melibatkan 64 lansia yang dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Kelompok intervensi memainkan congklak selama 10 sesi (45 menit per sesi) dalam dua minggu, sementara kelompok kontrol melanjutkan aktivitas rutin. Fungsi kognitif diukur pada empat waktu: sebelum intervensi, segera setelah intervensi, satu bulan, dan dua bulan pasca intervensi. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan skor MoCA-Ina pada kelompok intervensi, dari rata-rata 15,1 menjadi 18,6 segera setelah intervensi. Efek positif ini bertahan hingga dua bulan, meski sedikit menurun. Permainan congklak efektif menjaga dan meningkatkan fungsi kognitif lansia, mendukung penerapan permainan tradisional dalam program kesehatan lansia.

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The increasing elderly population in Indonesia poses health challenges, including cognitive decline, which can affect independence and quality of life. Cognitive stimulation, such as the traditional congklak game, offers an accessible solution. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the congklak game on cognitive function in the elderly using MoCA-Ina. The study involved 64 elderly participants divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group played congklak for 10 sessions (45 minutes per session) over two weeks, while the control group continued their routine activities. Cognitive function was measured at four time points: before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, one month, and two months post-intervention. The results showed a significant increase in MoCA-Ina scores in the intervention group, from an average of 15.1 to 18.6 immediately after the intervention. This positive effect persisted for up to two months, although slightly diminished. The congklak game effectively maintains and improves cognitive function in the elderly, supporting its inclusion in elderly health programs."

"Peningkatan jumlah lansia dan usia harapan hidup di Indonesia menyebabkan meningkatnya penyakit degeneratif pada lansia, salah satunya adalah peningkatan kasus demensia dan gangguan kognitif, obesitas sentral dianggap sebagai salah satu faktor risiko penyakit degeneratif pada lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status gizi pada lansia dan hubungannya dengan status kognitif. Sebanyak 61 pasien usia lanjut dari data sekunder penelitian yang berjudul status hidrasi dan hubungannya dengan asupan cairan dan aktivitas fisik pada usia lanjut di Rumah Binaan Atmabrata Cilincing Jakarta Utara. Variabel dalam penelitian ini meliputi status kognitif sebagai variabel dependen, status gizi variabel independen. Desain penelitian cross-sectional menggunakan analisis bivariat uji Fisher untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi terhadap status kognitif. Proporsi lansia dengan status gizi kurang 21,3. status gizi baik 31,1. dan status gizi lebih 47,5 sedangkan status kognitif buruk 96,7. kognitif baik sebesar 3,3. Hasil uji analisis bivariat, mendapatkan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara status gizi dengan status kognitif p=0,222; 95 Cl, 0,973-1,186.

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The increasing number of the elderly population and the life expectancy in Indonesia lead to the increasing of degenerative diseases on the elderly, which one of them is the increasing of dementia case and cognitive impairment. Central obesity is considered to be the risk factor of degenerative disease in the elderly. The aim of this study is to determine nutritional status in the elderly and its relationship with cognitive status using cross sectional study. total of 61 elderly patients from secondary data study, entitled the hydration status and its relationship with the fluid intake and physical activities in the Elderly Nursing Home Atmabrata Cilincing, North Jakarta were selected. The variables in this study are cognitive status as dependent variable and nutritional status as independent variable. Bivariate analysis using Fisher. Exact test was done to determined the relationship between nutritional status toward cognitive status. The proportion of the elderly with underweight 21.1. normoweight 31.1. and overweight 47,5 while worse cognitive condition were 96.7 and good cognitive were 3.3. The result of bivariate analysis concluded there was no significant relationship between nutritionl status and cognitive status. 0.222 95 Cl 0.973 1.186. "