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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Diabetes dan stroke memiliki hubungan yang erat, terutama apabila tidak dilakukan pengendalian gula darah. Penderita diabetes mellitus (DM) rentan untuk mengalami komplikasi penyakit stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk . Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cohort retrospective menggunakan data Indonesian Family Life Survey 4-5. Sampel yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini berjumlah 5.953 setelah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi sayur dan buah dalam menyebabkan stroke pada populasi DM. Hasil penelitian didapatkan prevalensi stroke pada populasi DM sebesar 2,7%. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa orang yang mengonsumsi sayur dan buah cukup pada IFLS-4 dan IFLS-5 yaitu dapat menurunkan risiko 89,9%. Pada responden yang mengonsumsi sayur dan buah cukup pada IFLS-4 dan kurang pada IFLS-5 dapat menurunkan risiko 87,7%. Risiko stroke dapat dicegah atau diturunkan 16,8% jika mengonsumsi sayur dan buah yang cukup berdasarkan hasil perhitungan ukuran dampak. Perlu adanya adanya skrining lebih ketat untuk mencegah stroke pada populasi DM. Selain itu perlu adanya peningkatan kualitas pelaksanaan Posbindu PTM dari pemerintah untuk pemantauan faktor risiko serta deteksi dini PTM.

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ABSTRACT
Diabetes and stroke have a close relationship, especially if blood sugar control is not done. People with diabetes mellitus (DM) were prone to complications from stroke. This study aims to determine the effect of vegetable and fruit consumption on the incidence of stroke among DM population. This study used a retrospective cohort design using data from Indonesian Family Life Survey 4-5. The samples analyzed in this study amounted to 5,953 after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression test was used to determine the effect of vegetable and fruit consumption in causing stroke among DM population. The results showed that the prevalence of stroke among DM population was 2.7%. Multivariate analysis showed that people who consumed enough vegetables and fruits in IFLS-4 and IFLS-5 could reduce the risk of 89.9%. In respondents who consume enough vegetables and fruits in IFLS-4 and less in IFLS-5 can reduce the risk of 87.7%. The risk of stroke can be prevented or reduced by 16.8% if consuming enough vegetables and fruits based on the calculation of the size of the impact. There needs to be more rigorous screening to prevent strokes among DM population. In addition, it is necessary to improve the quality of the implementation of Posbindu NCDs from the government for monitoring risk factors and early detection of NCDs.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang. Pneumonia sering menjadi komplikasi medis yang timbul pada pasien-pasien stroke iskemik akut yang dirawat di rumah sakit, sehingga diperlukan suatu sistem skor yang valid dan mudah diterapkan untuk memprediksi dan menstratifikasi risiko timbulnya pneumonia pada pasien stroke iskemik akut. Tujuan. Menilai performa kalibrasi dan diskriminasi skor A2DS dalam memprediksi insiden pneumonia pada pasien stroke iskemik akut Metode. Penelitian dengan desain kohort retrospektif menggunakan rekam medik pasien stroke iskemik akut di ruang rawat neurologi dan stroke unit gedung A RSCM periode Januari 2014 ndash; Desember 2016 dengan metode total sampling. Usia, ada tidaknya fibrilasi atrium pada EKG, ada tidaknya disfagia, jenis kelamin laki-laki , dan tingkat keparahan stroke dinilai dengan NIHSS , dinilai pada awal perawatan di RSCM. Pasien diikuti hingga 7 hari sejak onset stroke iskemik untuk dilihat outcome-nya pneumonia atau tidak pneumonia . Performa kalibrasi skor A2DS2 dinilai dengan uji Hosmer-Lemeshow dan plot kalibrasi. Performa diskriminasi skor A2DS2 dinilai dengan Area Under The Curve AUC . Hasil. Sebanyak 281 subjek diikutsertakan ke dalam penelitian ini, dengan angka kejadian pneumonia dalam 7 hari sejak onset timbulnya stroke iskemik sebanyak 118 subjek 42 . Hosmer-Lemeshow menunjukkan p = 0,222. Plot kalibrasi menunjukkan koefisien korelasi r=0,982 dengan p = 0,000. AUC sebesar 0,885 IK95 0,845 - 0,924 .ABSTRACT
Pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to hospital. Thus required a valid scoring system which is easy to apply, to predict and stratify the risk of pneumonia in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Aim. To assess the performance of calibration and discrimination of A2DS2 score in predicting the incidence of pneumonia in patients with acute ischemic stroke who are hospitalized in Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study of adult acute ischemic stroke patients who are hospitalized in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Age, presence or absence of atrial fibrillation, presence or absence of dysphagia, Sex male , and stroke severity rated with NIHSS were obtained at the beginning of admission. The subjects were followed up for up to 7 days after the onset of ischemic stroke to assess the outcome pneumonia or not . Calibration properties of A2DS2 score were assessed by Hosmer Lemeshow test and calibration plot. Discrimination properties of A2DS2 score were assessed by the area under the curve AUC . Results A total of 281 subjects were followed up. The incidence of pneumonia in acute ischemic stroke patients was observed in 118 patients 42 . Hosmer Lemeshow test of A2DS2 score showed p 0,222 and calibration plot showed r 0,982. Discrimination of A2DS2 score was shown by the AUC value of 0,885 95 CI 0,845 0,924 . Conclusion A2DS2 score have a good calibration and discrimination performance in predicting incidence of pneumonia in patients with acute ischemic stroke who are hospitalized in Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital.