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"Latar Belakang: Meningkatnya angka kejadian stroke dan beratnya disabilitas dari penderita stroke yang bertahan hidup, menjadikan diperlukannya terapi yang optimal untuk restorasi paska stroke. Neurorestorasi dengan transplantasi sel punca menjanjikan perbaikan luaran fungsional yang baik pada pasien stroke iskemik. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengamati efek transplantasi Stem Cell from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth SHED pada luaran klinis dan rasio sel neuron mati pada model stroke iskemik, untuk mendapatkan terapi yang optimal untuk stroke iskemik.Metode: Pembuatan tikus model stroke iskemik dilakukan dengan oklusi arteri cerebri media (MCAO). Pada 48 jam setelah MCAO, dilakukan transplantasi sel mesenkimal asal SHED secara intravena, dengan dosis 2x106/kgBB. Dilakukan evaluasi fungsional tikus secara neurobehaviour dengan tes Y Maze, dan evaluasi sensorimotor tikus dengan tes silinder. Evaluasi rasio neuron mati dilakukan dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin dan Eosin.Hasil: Terdapat perbaikan evaluasi neurobehaviour dengan Y Maze (p=0,04) dan evaluasi sensorimotor dengan tes silinder (p=0,04) pada 14 hari setelah transplantasi pada kelompok tikus yang ditransplantasi SHED dibandingkan kontrol. Terdapat pengurangan rasio sel neuron mati (p=0,0) pada tikus yang ditransplantasi SHED pada 21 hari setelah MCAO.Kesimpulan: Transplantasi SHED pada tikus model stroke iskemik pada fase akut stroke menunjukkan perbaikan klinis dan terdapat pengurangan rasio neuron mati pada otak tikus model stroke iskemik yang di transplantasi dengan sel mesenkimal asal SHED.

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Background: The incidence of stroke reaches 15 million cases worldwide, and 5 million stroke survivors suffered permanent disability. Ischemic stroke causes a burden on health problems particularly in Indonesia. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia in 2013 is 7 per 1000 population. The optimal stroke restoration therapy required, and neurorestoration with stem cell transplantation is a promising therapy that provides functional improvements for ischemic stroke. This research was conducted to observe the effects of Stem Cell from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED) transplantation on the clinical improvement and neuron death ratio in the brain of rats models with ischemic stroke.Methods: One group of normal rats and two groups (n=5) of male wistar rats undergone permenents Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO). SHED transplantation performed 48 hours after MCAO, by intravenous injection with a dose of 2x106 cells/kg. Functional evaluation conducted in rats with Y Maze and cylinder Test. Evaluation of the death neurons ratio in brain cortex area done by Hematoksilin and Eosin staining.Results : The functional evaluation using Y Maze and Cylinder Test was significantly improved in the treatment group compared to the control stroke group p < 0,05 14 days after MCAO. There was a reduction in the neuron death ratio p = 0.0 in rats transplanted with SHED.Conclusion : SHED transplantation in acute stroke showed clinical improvement and reduction in the neuron death ratio in the brain of rat models with ischemic stroke. Keywords: Cell transplantation, Ischemic Stroke, MCAO, SHED"

"Latar belakang : Anemia akut sering terjadi pada anak sakit kritis yang dirawat diPICU, memiliki konsekuensi hipoksia global yang dapat mengakibatkan disfungsimiokardium. Transfusi PRC masih menjadi salah satu pilihan dalam rangkamemperbaiki oksigenasi dan kinerja jantung saat terjadi anemia. Bukti-bukti pengaruhtransfusi pada perbaikan performa jantung masih terbatas.Tujuan : Mengevaluasi kadar NT-proBNP, pasokan oksigen, indeks inotropi dan rasioenergi potensial:energi gerak pada jantung sebelum dan sesudah transfusi PRC padaanak sakit kritis yang mengalami anemia akut.Metode : Penelitian analitik observasional potong lintang sejak April sampai Agustus2019 pada anak usia 1 bulan-18 tahun dengan sakit kritis yang dirawat di PICURSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Penilaian hemodinamik menggunakan USCOM.Hasil : Penelitian ini melibatkan 31 subyek dengan median umur 3,6 tahun (rentang0,1-17,5 tahun). Kadar Hb naik sebesar 29,1±15,9% setelah mendapat transfusi PRC9±3,3 mL/KgBB. Rerata kadar hemoglobin sebelum dan sesudah transfusi adalah7,94±1,46 dan 10,17±1,92 g/dL (p<0,000 IK 95%: 1,80-2,64). Kadar NT-proBNPmeningkat tak bermakna sebesar 12% (-77,0-199) setelah transfusi dari 4214±6678menjadi 5182±8327 pg/mL (p=0,186 IK 95%: -493-2428). Tidak terdapat korelasiantara persen perubahan Hb dan NT-proBNP (Spearman correlation r=0,124; p=0,505).Terdapat kenaikan pasokan oksigen pasca transfusi sebesar 20,7±38,9% dan berkorelasidengan kanaikan hemoglobin (Pearson correlation r=0,39; p=0,029). Uji Chi-squaremenunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara kelompok yang mengalami kenaikanDO dengan perbaikan indeks inotropi (uji Chi square, p=0,031) dan perbaikan PKR(p=0,008), namun tak ada hubungan dengan perubahan NT-proBNP (p=0,511).Simpulan : Tidak terdapat perubahan bermakna kadar NT-proBNP sebelum dansesudah transfusi PRC pada anak sakit kritis yang mengalami anemia akut. Peningkatanpasokan oksigen pasca transfusi PRC berkorelasi dengan peningkatan indeks inotropi(Smith-Madigan Inotropy Index) dan perbaikan potensial to kinetic ratio (PKR)

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Background: Acute anemia often occurs in critically ill children in PICU, which hasglobal hypoxic consequences resulting myocardial dysfunction. Transfusion of PRC isstill choosen in order to improve oxygenation and cardiac performance during anemia.Evidence of the effect of transfusion on improving cardiac performance is still limited.Objective: To evaluate NT-proBNP levels, delivery oxygen (DO2), inotropy index andthe potential to kinetic energy ratio (PKR) of heart before and after PRC transfusion incritically ill children with acute anemia.Methods: A cross-sectional observational analytic study conducted from April toAugust 2019 in children aged 1 month-18 years cared in PICU Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital. Hemodynamic assessment using USCOM.Results: This study involved 31 subjects with a median age of 3.6 years (range 0.1-17.5years). Hb levels increased by 29.1±15.9% after receiving a 9±3.3 mL / KgBBtransfusion PRC. The mean hemoglobin levels before and after the transfusion were7.94±1.46 and 10.17±1.92 g / dL (p <0.000; CI 95%: 1.80-2.64). NT-proBNP levelsslight increased but not statistically sgnificant by 12%(-77.0 - 199) after PRCtransfusion from 4214±6678 to 5182±8327 pg/mL (p = 0.186; CI 95%: -493 - 2428).There was no correlation between percent change in Hb and NT-proBNP (Spearmancorrelation r=0.124; p=0.505). There was increasing in DO2 after transfusion by20.7±38.9% and correlated with increased hemogolobin (Pearson correlation r=0.39;p=0.029). Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between groups thatexperienced an increase in DO2 with an improvement in the inotropy index (Chi squaretest, p=0.031) and improvement in PKR (p=0.008), but there was no relationship withNT-proBNP changes (p=0.511) .Conclusions: There was no significant change in NT-proBNP levels before and afterPRC transfusion in critically ill children who had acute anemia. Increased DO2 afterPRC transfusion correlates with an increase in the inotropy index (Smith-MadiganInotropy Index) and improvement in potential to kinetic ratio (PKR)."

"Advances in stem cell research discusses recent advances in stem cell science, including therapeutic applications. This volume covers such topics as biomanufacturing iPS cells for therapeutic applications, techniques for controlling stem cell fate decisions, as well as current basic research in such areas as germ line stem cells, genomics and proteomics in stem cell research. "

"This volume aims to cover important aspects of the various facets of organ transplantation and regenerative medicine."

"The goal of this book is to provide an up-to-date review of the various types of blood-derived cells with regenerative capacity, identify opportunities for intervention by examining specific clinical applications, and recognize the regulatory environment that will encompass future therapies in regenerative medicine."

"Vast therapeutic applications of the following specific stem cells in disease and tissue injury are discussed, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, human hair follicle stem cells, bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells, periodontal/progenitor cells, cancer stem cells, and breast cancer stem cells. Because human embryonic stem cells possess the potential to produce unlimited quantities of any human cell type, considerable focus is placed on this type of stem cells in this volume. The role of cancer stem cells, specifically in breast cancer is explained. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells to aid the injured brain is included. Immune recovery after stem cells transplantation in severe combined immunodeficiency patients is described. The role of mesenchymal stem cells in enhancing the growth and metastasis of colon cancer is discussed. Clinical application of human follicle stem cells is presented. Treatment of malignant gliomas using genetically-modified neural stem cells as a marker is discussed. The impact of cancer stem cell hypothesis on designing new cancer therapies is explained. In the field of regenerative medicine, the use of stem cells in the repair of the central nervous system, tendon injury, and as a cardiac regenerative medicine is described. The role of DNA methylation in maintaining stemness induced pluripotent stem cells from human extraembryonic amnion cells is discussed. Insights on the understanding of molecular pathways involved in tumor biology are explained, which lead to the development of effective drugs. Information on pathways, such as hedgehog, facilitates targeted therapies in cancer."

"ABSTRACTPenelitian ini menganalisis kemampuan Human Serum Albumin (HSA), Umbilical cord blood (UCB) serum dan Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) dalam menjaga stabilitas ekspansi ex vivo kultur sel punca hematopoetik (SPH). Sel yang digunakan adalah sel mononuklear dan sel CD34+ dari darah tali pusat yang disimpan beku dalam lingkungan nitrogen. Medium basal kultur yang digunakan adalah RPMI 1640 Biowest dan Stemspan. Jumlah sel hidup dihitung menggunakan metode eksklusi tryphan blue dan fenotipe sel CD34+ dianalisis menggunakan flow cytometry. Pewarnaan Giemsa dilakukan pada sel-sel yang dipanen pada hari ketujuh kultur untuk menganalisis morfologi sel. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah tiga dan jumlah pengulangan adalah dua kali. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kultur dengan suplementasi HSA menghasilkan jumlah sel yang lebih rendah namun memiliki persentase CD34+ yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan UCB serum dan FBS. Pewarnaan Giemsa menunjukkan sel-sel darah yang terdiferensiasi paling sedikit ditemukan pada HSA. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa, medium dengan suplementasi HSA lebih unggul dari UCB serum dan FBS dalam mempertahankan kepuncaan sel punca hematopoetik.

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ABSTRACTThis study analyzed the ability of serum Human Serum Albumin (HSA), Umbilical cord blood (UCB) and Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) to maintain the stability of ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cell (SPH) cultures. The cells used are mononuclear cells and CD34 + cells from cord blood which are frozen in a nitrogen environment. The basal culture medium used was RPMI 1640 Biowest and Stemspan. The number of living cells was calculated using the tryphan blue exclusion method and the CD34 + cell phenotype was analyzed using flow cytometry. Giemsa staining was carried out on cells harvested on the seventh day of culture to analyze cell morphology. The sample size in this study was three and the number of repetitions was twice. This study shows that culture with HSA supplementation results in lower cell counts but has a higher CD34 + percentage compared to serum UCB and FBS. Giemsa staining shows the least differentiated blood cells are found in HSA. These results indicate that, medium with HSA supplementation is superior to serum UCB and FBS in maintaining hematopoietic stem cell stem cells."

"This volume will cover a series of reviews on stem cells including adult and embryonic stem cells. Speakers were invited to present these talks during the Stem Cell Symposia in fall of 2010, in Samsun, Turkey. Unique aspect of this volume is that it brings a multidisciplinary aspect of stem cells extracted from a symposium."

"This book reports on CXCR4 antagonists, an exciting new class of compounds that aid in use of stem cells for treatment of leukemia and other cancers. Includes coverage of plerixafor, now approved for stem cell mobilization of lymphoma and myeloma patients."