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"Pendahuluan: Saat ini masyarakat di dunia, termasuk Indonesia sedang menghadapi pandemi COVID-19. Sejak ditetapkan kasus pertama COVID-19 di Indonesia sampai 21 Mei 2022, penderita COVID-19 sebanyak 6.052.36 kasus dan 156.519 diantaranya meninggal dunia. Provinsi Jawa Timur merupakan provinsi dengan kasus COVID-19 paling banyak kedua pada tahun 2020 dan peringkat ketiga pada tahun 2021. Case Fatality Rate Provinsi Jawa Timur meningkat dari tahun 2020-2021 yaitu dari 6,9 menjadi 7,4 dan masuk dalam dua provinsi dengan CFR paling tinggi di Indonesia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola persebaran kasus konfirmasi dan meninggal COVID-19 dan faktor risikonya di wilayah Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Timur secara spasial pada tahun 2020-2021. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian ekologi dengan menggunakan analisis Moran’s I. Populasi yang digunakan adalah seluruh penderita COVID-19 di Jawa Timur tahun 2020-2021 dengan satuan analisis per kab/kota. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Pola persebaran mengelompok pada tahun 2020 dan 2021 terdapat pada variabel konfirmasi COVID-19 dengan variabel persentase penderita hipertensi, persentase penderita diabetes melitus, rasio puskesmas, rasio rumah sakit rujukan COVID-19 dan rasio tenaga kesehatan. Pola persebaran mengelompok pada tahun 2020 dan 2021 terdapat pada variabel meninggal COVID-19 dengan variabel kepadatan penduduk. Fasilitas kesehatan merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang berhubungan dengan kasus konfirmasi dan meninggal pada COVID-19 karena akan mempengaruhi testing, tracing serta treatment dalam penangangan COVID-19.

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Background: Indonesia is one of countries that facing COVID-19 Pandemic in the world at the moment. Since the first case of COVID-19 was determined in Indonesia until 21 of May 2022, there are 6.052.36 cases in total and 156.519 deaths. East Java is in the second place of provinces with the most case of COVID-19 in 2020 and in the third place in 2021. Case Fatality Rate of East Java increased from 2020 to 2021 which was from 6,9 to 7,4 and became one of two provinces with the highest CFR in Indonesia. Objective: this study aims to know the distribution pattern of confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 spatially and its risk factors in districts of East Java in 2020-2021 with unit analysis per district/city. Result and Discussion: the clustered distribution pattern in 2020 and 2021 is found in the COVID-19 confirmation variable with the variable percentage of hypertension patients, percentage of diabetes mellitus patients, ratio of community health centers, ratio of referral hospitals for COVID-19 and ratio of health workers. The clustered distribution pattern in 2020 and 2021 is found in the COVID-19 death variable with the variable of population density. Health facilities are one of the important factors related to confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 because it will affect the testing, tracing and treatment in handling COVID-19."

"Penelitian ini mengenai penerapan kesehatan kerja saat bencana berupa pandemi yang dibahas dari disiplin Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial. Urgensi dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan inovasi yang dilakukan suatu perusahaan jasa transportasi pada pekerja frontlinernya yang berisiko tinggi terpapar virus COVID-19. Perusahaan ini tergolong sektor kritikal sehingga pelayanannya harus tetap beroperasi setiap hari selama masa pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur dan wawancara dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2022 pada 7 informan yang ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Berdasarkan penelitian terungkap bahwa PT. X Jakarta melakukan beberapa inovasi terkait kesehatan kerja pada sisi kebijakan maupun remunerasi. Inovasi dari sisi kebijakan operasional, yaitu berupa penerapan scan Peduli Lindungi sebelum masuk stasiun, pembatasan penumpang di kereta, pengadaan pijakan kaki di elevator, penyediaan marka-marka untuk jaga jarak, mengimplementasikan beberapa kebijakan ticketing, penambahan APD (Alat Pelindung Diri) Khusus level 2 bagi Walka (petugas keamanan di kereta) serta mengadakan pelatihan penanganan pengguna yang pingsan akibat suspect COVID-19. Dari sisi kebijakan kepegawaian, PT. X Jakarta menerapkan screening harian kesehatan, penerapan digital sign, dan sistem absensi menggunakan web. Untuk kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan pekerja, PT. X Jakarta membentuk Sekretariat Penanggulangan Krisis untuk COVID-19, menyelenggarakan olahraga rutin dan Health Talk secara virtual, melakukan penyemprotan disinfektan secara berkala, mengolah limbah infeksius secara khusus, melakukan edukasi kepada penumpang terkait protokol kesehatan, menyediakan ruang isolasi di kantor, dan melakukan tracing serta menyediakan layanan telemedicine. Inovasi dari sisi remunerasi, yaitu pemberian remunerasi tambahan selama pandemi untuk para pekerjanya. Pekerja di Head Office dan pekerja di stasiun dan kereta (yang termasuk pekerja organik) mendapatkan remunerasi berupa APD, vitamin, vaksin, SWAB/PCR, perbantuan pencarian ruang isolasi, perbantuan pencarian tabung oksigen, dan penyediaan transportasi. Sedangkan, pekerja di stasiun dan kereta yang termasuk pekerja outsourcing mendapatkan remunerasi berupa SWAB/PCR, APD, vitamin, dan vaksin. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan perlunya sosialisasi terkait inovasi kesehatan kerja dilakukan dengan semasif mungkin dan perlunya sikap lebih tegas terhadap penumpang/pengguna jasa yang melanggar protokol kesehatan. Penelitian ini diharapkan bersumbangsih terhadap mata kuliah program studi sarjana Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial yaitu Manajemen Organisasi Pelayanan Kemanusiaan dan Kesejahteraan Sosial dalam Sektor Industri.

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This study is about the application of occupational health application in the form of a pandemic discussed from the discipline of Social Welfare Science. The urgency of this study revealed the innovation made by a transportation service company to its frontline workers who are at high risk of exposure to the COVID-19 virus. The company is a critical sector so its services must remain operational daily during the pandemic. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive research design. Collecting data was held by literature studies and in-depth interviews from May to August 2022 on 7 informants determined by purposive sampling methods. Data analysis is performed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion withdrawal or verification. This research revealed that PT. X Jakarta carried out several innovations related to occupational health on the policy and remuneration side. Innovations on the operational policy include implementing Peduli Lindungi scanning before passengers enter the station, restricting the number of passengers on the train, procuring footrests in the elevator, implementing some ticketing policies, and adding Level 2 APD (Alat Pelindung Diri) for Walka (security at the train), and conducting passenger-handling training for COVID-19 suspected in train. Innovations on the employment policies side included implementing daily health screening, implementing digital signs, and using the AI web for the absentee system. For policies related to workers' health, PT. X Jakarta established Crisis Management Team (CMT), organized sports activities and Health Talk virtually, sprayed disinfectants on a regular basis, treated infectious waste specifically, provided isolation room for workers suspected of COVID-19, and traced and provided telemedicine services for workers. Innovation from the remuneration side is providing additional remuneration during the pandemic for its workers. Workers at the Head Office and workers at stations and trains, which are part of organic workers, received hygiene kits, vitamins, vaccines, SWAB/PCR, isolation room search assistance, oxygen tube search assistance, and transportation provision. Meanwhile, workers at stations and trains which are part of outsourcing workers received SWAB/PCR, hygiene kit, vitamins, and vaccines. Result also revealed the need for socialization related to occupational health innovation to be carried out as efficient as possible and the need for a firm attitude towards passengers/service users who violate health protocols. This research is expected to be able to contribute enriching Social Welfare sciences especially to courses named the Social Welfare in the Industrial Sector and Management of the Humanitarian Service Organization courses."

"Pandemi COVID-19 menjadi tantangan dalam kapasitas sistem kesehatan dimana sistem kesehatan yang ada harus memastikan pasien COVID-19 dapat mengakses layanan kesehatan sekaligus menangani pandemi di masyarakat. Rekomendasi yang dikeluarkan WHO dalam menghadapi tantangan kapasitas sistem kesehatan diantaranya menambah jumlah rumah sakit rujukan dan mengupayakan sistem rujukan yang memadai terhadap lonjakan kasus COVID-19. Di Indonesia, pemerintah menggunakan Sistem Informasi Rujukan Terintegrasi (SISRUTE) dalam rujukan kasus COVID-19, meski dalam praktiknya masih bervariasi di berbagai daerah. Penggunaan SISRUTE sebelum COVID-19 dinilai masih belum optimal, sementara saat pandemi sangat sedikit pasien COVID-19 yang diterima melalui SISRUTE. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh gambaran terkait efektivitas penggunaan SISRUTE dalam kasus COVID-19 di Semen Padang Hospital sebagai rumah sakit swasta pertama di Kota Padang yang menjadi rumah sakit rujuikan COVID-19 selama periode April 2020 hingga Oktober 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan analisis data sekunder, wawancara mendalam kepada tujuh orang informan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dan telaah dokumen. Dari penelitian ditemukan bahwa SISRUTE digunakan oleh dokter umum di UGD dan isolasi COVID-19 dan terdapat penggunaan SISRUTE berulang pada pasien yang sama karena penolakan dan rujukan yang tidak direspon. Selain itu, respon time rujukan via SISRUTE sangat lama disebabkan tidak adanya dokter yang khusus bertugas mengecek SISRUTE dan panjangnya alur konsultasi penerimaan rujukan. Banyaknya penolakan rujukan via SISRUTE disebakan oleh penuhnya ruangan, tidak tersedianya fasilitas seperti kamar operasi dan persalinan khusus COVID, ventilator mekanik dan alat hemodialisa. Selain itu, kendala dari kualitas SISRUTE yang tidak menampilkan kapasitas dan fasilitas yang tersedia, versi mobile yang tidak mudah, perlunya penambahan beberapa fitur serta belum tersedianya pencarian otomatis menyulitkan dalam melakukan rujukan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan SISRUTE dalam kasus COVID – 19 tidak efektif karena kemungkinan pasien diterima lewat SISRUTE jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan pasien datang sendiri ke UGD.

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COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge in the capacity of the health system where the existing health system must ensure that COVID-19 patients can access health services as well as handle the pandemic in the community. Recommendations issued by WHO in facing health system capacity challenges include increasing the number of referral hospitals and seeking an adequate referral system for spikes in COVID-19 cases. In Indonesia, the government uses the Integrated Referral Information System (SISRUTE) in referring cases of COVID-19, even though in practice still varies in different regions. The use of SISRUTE before COVID-19 was considered not optimal, while during the pandemic very few COVID-19 patients were accepted through SISRUTE. Therefore, this study aims to obtain an overview regarding the effectiveness of using SISRUTE in cases of COVID-19 at Semen Padang Hospital as the first private hospital in Padang City to become a referral hospital for COVID-19 during the period April 2020 to October 2021. This research is a qualitative, data collection process was carried out by secondary data analysis, in-depth interviews with seven informants selected by purposive sampling and document review. From the study it was found that SISRUTE was used by general practitioners in the ER and COVID-19 isolation and there was repeated use of SISRUTE in the same patient due to rejection and referrals that did not respond. In addition, the response time for referrals via SISRUTE was very long due to the absence of a doctor who was specifically tasked with checking SISRUTE and the long flow of consultations for receiving referrals. Many rejections of referrals via SISRUTE are caused by full rooms, unavailability of facilities such as special COVID operating and delivery rooms, mechanical ventilators and hemodialysis labs. In addition, the constraints of the quality of SISRUTE which do not display the available capacity and facilities, the mobile version which is not easy, the need to add several features and the unavailability of automatic search make it difficult to make referrals. It can be concluded that the use of SISRUTE in the case of COVID-19 is not effective because the possibility of patients being admitted via SISRUTE is much smaller compared to patients who come alone to the ER."

"Penyakit Covid 19 yang terjadi secara global mengakibatkan ditetapkannya status pandemi yang berdampak pada seluruh bidang kehidupan masyarakat hingga ke pelosok kabupaten Sikka di Nusa Tenggara Timur yang kemudian vaksinasi diupayakan pemerintah sebagai tindakan preventif dan dikembangkan hingga dosis lanjutan untuk menanggulangi penyebaran penyakit ini dengan dasar terjadinya penurunan antibodi pasca 6 bulan vaksinasi dosis awal. Meskipun secara umum vaksinasi booster pada lansia masih rendah cakupannya namun dampak vaksinasi ini sudah tampak hasilnya yaitu menurunnya kasus Covid 19 bahkan tidak ada lagi kasus di kabupaten Sikka sehingga per 21 Juni 2023. Pemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan status endemi berdasarkan indikator jumlah kasus Covid-19 menurun, angka kematian menurun, jumlah perawatan kasus Covid-19 juga menurun walaupun cakupan vaksinasi booster masih rendah namun masyarakat Indonesia sebagian besar sudah memiliki antibodi Covid. Hal ini menyebabkan beberapa faktor yang diteliti menjadi tidak berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan booster pada lansia di kabupaten Sikka. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan variabel sikap akan vaksin yang paling mempengaruhi penerimaan booster semnetara uji bivariate menyebutkan ada hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan, sikap dan riwayat terkena Covid-19 dengan penerimaan vaksin booster pada lansia di Sikka. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 122 lansia dengan kriteria inklusi berusia ≥ 60 tahun yang sudah mendapatkan dosis awal namun belum di booster atau lansia yang sama sekali belum divaksin Covid-19 sehingga menggunakan uji Chi Square untuk bivariat dan regresi logistik berganda untuk multivariat. Penelitian analitik crosssectional digunakan pada penelitian ini yang bertujuan mengetahui adanya hubungan antara faktor-faktor yang diteliti dengan penerimaan vaksin booster Covid-19.

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The Covid 19 disease that occurred globally resulted in the establishment of a pandemic status which had an impact on all areas of people's lives to remote areas of Sikka district in East Nusa Tenggara. The government then sought vaccination as a preventive measure and developed it to further doses to tackle the spread of this disease on the basis of a decrease in antibodies 6 months after the initial dose of vaccination. Even though in general booster vaccinations for the elderly are still low in coverage, the impact of this vaccination has already seen results, namely a decrease in Covid 19 cases and even no more cases in Sikka district so that as of June 21 2023. The Indonesian government has established endemic status based on indicators that the number of Covid-19 cases has decreased , the death rate has decreased, the number of treatments for Covid-19 cases has also decreased, although booster vaccination coverage is still low, most Indonesian people already have Covid antibodies. This causes several of the factors studied to have no effect on receiving boosters for the elderly in Sikka district. The results of the study stated that the attitude variable towards vaccines had the most influence on booster acceptance, while the bivariate test indicated that there was a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes and history of being exposed to Covid-19 and acceptance of booster vaccines in the elderly in Sikka. This research was conducted on 122 elderly people with inclusion criteria aged ≥ 60 years who had received the initial dose but had not received a booster or the elderly who had not been vaccinated against Covid-19 at all, so they used the Chi Square test for bivariates and multiple logistic regression for multivariates. A cross-sectional analytic study was used in this study which aims to determine a relationship between the factors studied and acceptance of the Covid-19 booster vaccine"

"Kementerian Kesehatan Indonesia pada masa pandemi Covid 19 mengeluarkan instrument tentang Daftar Tilik Rumah Sakit Pada Masa Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui gambaran komponen-komponen Hospital Readiness Rumah Sakit Vertikal Kementerian Kesehatan pada masa pandemi covid 19 dengan instrumen Rapid Hospital Readiness Checklist WHO di tahun 2021-2022.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari aplikasi mutufasyankes.kemkes.go.id dengan menarik data dari 34 Rumah Sakit Vertikal Kementerian Kesehatan di tahun 2021 dan data 20 RS Vertikal Kementerian Kesehatan di Tahun 2022. Pengukuran ini menggunakan Instrument WHO Rapid Hospital Readiness Checklist yang terdiri dari 12 komponen yang diukur dan hasil penilaian berupa score dan persentasi penilaian yang secara sistematis hasil dari 12 komponen .Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase terendah hasil penilaian Hospital Readiness Checklist Rumah Sakit Vertikal Kementerian Kesehatan tahun 2021 dan 2022 adalah komponen ke-10 yaitu kesehatan kerja, kesehatan mental, dan dukungan psikososial dimana tahun 2021 sebesar 77% sedangkan ditahun 2022 sebesar 91%. Sedangkan persentase tertinggi didapatkan bahwa sebesar 95% ditahun 2021 yaitu komponen ke-12 terkait pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi, pada tahun 2022 persentase tertinggi yakni komponen ke-5 terkait administrasi, keuangan, dan kelangsungan bisnis. Penelitian ini memunculkan saran agar dapat membuat program di rumah sakit vertikal untuk peningkatan mutu pelayanan terkait kesehatan kerja, kesehatan mental dan dukungan psikososial dengan melibatkan stakeholder terkait sehingga mutu pelayanan dan keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit terwujud.

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The Indonesian Ministry of Health in order to prepare hospitals during the Covid 19 pandemic issued an instrument regarding Hospital Readiness During the 2019 Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19). This studi for know about componens Hospital Readiness in Vertical Hospitals as UPT of the Ministry of Health in 2021 and 2022. This study uses a quantitative method using secondary data taken from the Mutufasyankes.kemkes.go.id application by pulling data from 34 Vertical Hospitals of the Ministry of Health in 2021 and data from 20 Vertical Hospitals of the Ministry of Health in 2022. This measurement uses the WHO Rapid Instrument. Hospital Readiness Checklist which consists of 12 components that are measured and the results of the assessment are in the form of scores and percentages of assessments which systematically the results of the 12 components form a spider web. The research results show that The results of the analysis found that the lowest percentage of the results of an overview of the readiness of the vertical ministry of health in 2021 and 2022 was the 10th component, namely occupational health, mental health, and psychosocial support where in 2021 it was 77% while in 2022 it was 91%. While the highest percentage is found to be 95% in 2021, namely the 12th component related to infection prevention and control, in 2022 the highest percentage is the 5th component related to administration, finance, and business continuity.This research raises suggestions for making policies on the quality of services related to occupational health, mental health and psychosocial support by involving relevant stakeholders so that the quality of service and patient safety in hospitals is realized."

"Situasi pandemi Covid-19 ini kian berdampak pada seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk di dunia industri dengan jumlah karyawan yang cukup besar dan harus tetap bekerja secara optimal dan produktif. Program pencegahan penularan di tempat kerja dan perlindungan terhadap pekerja dengan faktor risiko dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampak keparahan penyakit yang dapat terjadi ketika terinfeksi Covid-19. Beberapa studi yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit Covid-19 dipengaruhi oleh multifaktor termasuk penyakit penyerta yang sudah ada sebelumnya.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan pejamu khususnya penyakit penyerta (Comorbid) dan derajat sakit Covid-19, studi potong lintang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder evaluasi kesehatan dan monitoring perawatan kasus Covid-19 pekerja tetap perusahaan selama periode Maret 2020 - Mei 2021

Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan ada hubungan antara usia, penyakit Jantung, Hipertensi dan derajat sakit Covid-19, sehingga implementasi program pencegahan penularan Covid-19 di tempat kerja dilakukan secara ketat terhadap pekerja dengan penyakit penyerta khususnya penyakit Jantung dan Hipertensi.

Promosi kesehatan di tempat kerja harus ditingkatkan sebagai salah satu pilar pencegahan penyakit kronis dan meningkatkan ketahanan individu (host susceptibility) untuk menuju pekerja yang sehat dan produktif.

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The Covid-19 pandemic situation is increasingly and having an impact on all aspects of human life, including in the industrial world with a large number of employees who must continue to work optimally and productively. Programs to prevent transmission in the workplace and protect workers with health risk factors are carried out to reduce the impact of disease severity that can occur when infected with Covid-19. Several studies have shown that the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 is influenced by multifactor including pre-existing comorbidities.

The research was conducted to see the relationship between individual factors, especially comorbid and sthe everity of Covid-19 disease, a cross-sectional study was carried out by collecting secondary data on health evaluations and monitoring of treatment for Covid-19 cases of permanent employee of the company during the period March 2020 - May 2021.

The results of the research conducted showed that is a relationship between age, heart disease, hypertension and severity of Covid-19 disease, so that the implementation of the Covid-19 transmission prevention program in the workplace was carried out strictly for workers with co-morbidities, especially heart disease and hypertension.

Health promotion should be improved as one of the pillars of chronic disease prevention and increase individual resilience (host susceptibility) towards healthy and productive workers.

 

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"Setidaknya 1 dari 200 pasien COVID-19 akan mengalami DVT, dan sekitar 20% kasus VTE berhubungan dengan COVID-19. Risikonya meningkat empat kali lipat pada pasien COVID-19. Munculnya berbagai faktor patofisiologis yang berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya DVT pada pasien COVID-19 menimbulkan pertanyaan menarik mengenai perbedaan dalam karakteristik luaran pasien DVT sebelum dan selama pandemi, serta variasi dalam perawatan dan hasil pasien. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kohort retrospektif untuk melihat perbandingan karakteristik dan manajemen pasien DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Didapatkan data 489 subyek yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini dengan nilai rata-rata usianya adalah 50.72 ± 18.00. Berdasarkan waktu terkenanya DVT, dari 489 subyek tersebut, sebagian besar sampel yaitu sebanyak 344 orang (72.9%) merupakan pasien yang mengalami DVT selama pandemi COVID. Berdasarkan status mortalitas, terdapat 336 orang (71.8%) yang masih hidup setelah mengalami DVT. Berdasarkan keberadaan perdarahan hebat, sebagian besar subyek yaitu 402 orang (82.2%) tidak mengalami perdarahan hebat. Berdasarkan status rekurensi, terdapat 321 orang (65.7%) yang mengalami rekurensi yaitu kembali dirawat dengan diagnosa yang sama dalam 1 tahun pertama setelah pertama kali dirawat. Sebanyak 479 orang (97.9%) tidak mengalami emboli paru. Didapatkan nilai rata-rata durasi rawat inap selama 13.41 ± 9.89 hari. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan D-Dimer, didapatkan nilai rata-rata 3008.21 ± 1494.59 ng/mL. Sedangkan hasil pemeriksaan fibrinogen, didapatkan nilai rata-rata 301.06 ± 58.63 mg/dL. Dalam melihat komparasi data DVT sebelum dan selama pandemic COVID-19, dari 4 variabel yang dilihat, hanya D-Dimer yang memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan berupa peningkatan nilai rata-rata apabila dibandingkan antara sebelum pandemic COVID (2052.34 ± 568.30 ng/mL) dan selama COVID (3363.89 ± 1573.79 ng/mL) dengan nilai p < 0.001. Hasil berbeda terjadi pada fibrinogen yang tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum pandemic COVID (295.66 ± 57.28 mg/dL) dibandingkan dengan selama COVID (303.06 ± 59.08 mg/dL) dengan nilai p 0.223. Ditemukan bahwa pada pasien COVID-19 didapati nilai D-Dimer yang lebih tinggi (nilai p <0.001) serta fibrinogen yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p=0.032).

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At least 1 in 200 COVID-19 patients will experience DVT, and approximately 20% of VTE cases are related to COVID-19. The risk increases fourfold in COVID-19 patients. The emergence of various pathophysiological factors that contribute to the occurrence of DVT in COVID-19 patients raises interesting questions regarding differences in the outcome characteristics of DVT patients before and during the pandemic, as well as variations in patient care and outcomes. The research design used was a retrospective cohort study to compare the characteristics and management of DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were obtained for 489 subjects who were included in this study with an average age value of 50.72 ± 18.00. Based on the time of DVT, of the 489 subjects, the majority of the sample, namely 344 people (72.9%) were patients who experienced DVT during the COVID pandemic. Based on mortality status, there were 336 people (71.8%) who were still alive after experiencing DVT. Based on the presence of severe bleeding, the majority of subjects, namely 402 people (82.2%) did not experience severe bleeding. Based on recurrence status, there were 321 people (65.7%) who experienced recurrence, namely being treated again with the same diagnosis within the first year after first being treated. A total of 479 people (97.9%) did not experience pulmonary embolism. The average duration of hospitalization was 13.41 ± 9.89 days. Based on the results of the D-Dimer examination, an average value of 3008.21 ± 1494.59 ng/mL was obtained. Meanwhile, the results of the fibrinogen examination showed an average value of 301.06 ± 58.63 mg/dL. In looking at the comparison of DVT data before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, of the 4 variables looked at, only D-Dimer had a significant difference in the form of an increase in the average value when compared between before the COVID pandemic (2052.34 ± 568.30 ng/mL) and during COVID (3363.89 ± 1573.79 ng/mL) with p value < 0.001. Different results occurred in fibrinogen which did not have a significant difference between before the COVID pandemic (295.66 ± 57.28 mg/dL) compared to during COVID (303.06 ± 59.08 mg/dL) with a p value of 0.223. It was found that COVID-19 patients had higher D-Dimer values (p value <0.001) and significantly higher fibrinogen (p=0.032)."

"Salah satu agenda kesehatan internasional untuk melawan pandemi COVID-19 adalah melalui program vaksinasi. Pemerintah RI melalui Program Vaksinasi Nasional berupaya untuk mengurangi penyebaran dan angka kematian penyakit COVID-19, serta membentuk kekebalan kelompok. Namun, di beberapa daerah seperti Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, cakupan vaksinasinya masih sangat rendah. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah masih ada penolakan yang disebabkan hoaks, serta kurangnya upaya komunikasi khususnya pada kelompok umur yang signifikan. Tugas karya akhir ini dibuat untuk membantu Dinkes Kabupaten Tasikmalaya untuk meluncurkan program komunikasi strategis bernama “Sekolah Siap Tasik Sehat!”. Program ini bertujuan untuk Meningkatkan kesadaran tentang pentingnya vaksinasi yang aman dan halal di kalangan audiens primer dan sekunder (pelajar dan guru), dan meningkatkan motivasi target sasaran untuk melakukan vaksinasi pertama dan kedua. Target audiens primer program ini adalah Pelajar SMA/SMK/MA dan Santri/Santriwati Pondok Pesantren di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, sedangkan target audiens sekundernya adalah Guru dan Ustaz/Ustazah di institusi pendidikan tersebut. Program ini terbagi menjadi dua fase: Fase pertama yaitu menjangkau sekolah melalui webinar, kompetisi “Sekolah Juara Vaksin”, dan pemakaian pin “Aku sudah divaksin”; Fase kedua yakni implementasi program yang berisi kegiatan webinar dan kompetisi video “Youth Vaccine Hero”. Program ini membutuhkan anggaran sebesar Rp100.670.000, dan akan berlangsung selama empat bulan.

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Vaccination program is one of the international health agendas to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. The Government of Indonesia through the National Vaccination Program seeks to reduce the spread and mortality of COVID-19 disease, as well as establish group immunity. However, in some areas such as Tasikmalaya Regency, vaccination coverage is still very low. One of the reasons is that there are still rejections caused by hoaxes, as well as the lack of communication efforts, especially in the significant age group. This final project was created to assist the Tasikmalaya District Health Office in launching a strategic communication program called “Sekolah Siap Tasik Sehat!”. This program goals is to increase awareness about the importance of safe and halal vaccination among primary and secondary audiences (students and teachers), and increase the motivation of the target audience to carry out the first and second vaccinations. The primary target audience for this program are SMA/SMK/MA students and Islamic boarding school Santri/Santriwati in Tasikmalaya Regency, while the secondary target audience are teachers and Ustaz/Ustazah at these educational institutions. This program is divided into two phases: the first phase is to reach schools through webinars, the “Sekolah Juara Vaksin” competition, and the use of the “Aku sudah divaksin” pin; The second phase is the implementation of a program that contains webinars and a video competition “Youth Vaccine Hero”. This program requires a budget of Rp100,670,000, and will last for four months."

"COVID-19 merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus Severe Accute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dan merupakan pandemi yang menjadi masalah di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku dengan kejadian COVID-19 di Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional menggunakan kuesioner online. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu warga Jakarta Timur dengan usia 15 – 64 tahun dengan jumlah sampel 412 orang. Variabel dependen yaitu kejadian COVID-19 sementara variabel independen yaitu pengetahuan COVID-19, sikap, perilaku cuci tangan, perilaku menggunakan masker, perilaku menjaga jarak, dan perilaku menggunakan disinfektan. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan antara perilaku menjaga jarak dengan kejadian COVID-19 (p-value = 0.010 ; OR = 1.794). Namun, tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku cuci tangan, perilaku menggunakan masker, dan perilaku menggunakan disinfektan dengan kejadian COVID19. Terdapat satu variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian COVID-19 dan merupakan faktor dominan dari kejadian COVID-19, yaitu perilaku menjaga jarak.

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COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and is a pandemic that is a problem throughout the world, including Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behavior with the incidence of COVID-19 in East Jakarta. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design using an online questionnaire. The population in this study were residents of East Jakarta aged 15-64 years, with a total sample of 412 people. The dependent variable is the incidence of COVID-19, while the independent variable is knowledge of COVID-19, attitudes, hand washing behavior, using masks behavior, social distancing behavior, and using disinfectant behavior. This study shows a relationship between physical distancing behavior and the incidence of COVID-19 (p-value = 0.010; OR = 1.794). However, there is no relationship between knowledge, attitude, hand washing behavior, behavior using masks, and behavior using disinfectants with the incidence of COVID-19. One variable is associated with the incidence of COVID-19 and is the dominant factor in the incidence of COVID-19, namely physical distancing."

"Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat melakukan diskresi dalam menginterpretasi peraturan nasional tentang peneggakan protokol kesehatan COVID-19 melalui Perda Jabar Nomor 5 Tahun 2021. Perda tersebut menerapkan sanksi denda yang diputuskan oleh sidang acara cepat tindak pidana ringan demi memastikan keadilan prosedural bagi masyarakat. Penegakan hukum Perda tersebut merupakan realisasi dari teori sistem peradilan terpadu yang selama ini hanya dijalankan secara semu dan independen, namun dengan adanya satu tujuan yaitu mencegah darurat COVID-19 maka terjadinya keterpaduan dalam mencapai tujuan penegakan hukum. Penelitian ini mengkaji mekanisme penerapan Perda Jabar Nomor 5 Tahun 2021 yang melibatkan peran Polri dan Satpol PP dalam rangka menegakkan pelanggar protokol kesehatan beserta dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode triangulasi, studi pustaka, wawancara, dan studi kasus. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa sistem peradilan pidana terpadu sudah dijalankan pada penerapan Perda ini dan mencapai tujuannya yaitu menjamin kepatuhan terhadap protokol kesehatan. Sehingga disarankan untuk menjadikan penerapan Perda ini sebagai model bagi penerapan sistem peradilan pidana terpadu. Namun masih terdapat berbagai permasalahan yang ditemukan yaitu target pelanggar yang masih berdasarkan indikator kuantitatif, blangko tipiring yang sudah usang, sistem peradilan teleconference yang terganjal peraturan yang ada, dan dilema penjatuhan sanksi denda berat yang memberatkan masyarakat atau denda ringan yang tidak menjamin kepatuhan.

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The government of West Java Province has applied a discretion in interpreting the national Covid-19 regulation through West Java Province Bylaw Number 5/2021. In order to ensures procedural justice for the society, the bylaw applying fines decided by trial court of minor offenses against those who violate health protocols. The implementation of the bylaw is a manifestation of the theory of an integrated criminal justice system, which, to date, has only been carried out apparently and independently. However, there is an integration in achieving an objective of law enforcement, that is, the prevention of the spread of Covid-19. The study examines the implementation mechanisms of West Java Province Bylaw Number 5/2021 involving Indonesian National Police as well as civil service police in taking actions against the violations of the health protocol and the problems they have. The author employs the descriptive qualitative methodology involving triangulation, literature reviews, interviews, and case studies. The results of the study reveal that an integrated judicial system has been implemented and has met its objective to ensure public compliance to health protocols. There are still a number of issues, including the use of the quantitative performance metrics in identifying the target offenders, outdated paperwork methods, teleconferencing judicial processes that are hindered by the existing legislations, and dilemma in either imposing heavy fines that burdens the public or light fines that fail to achieve their compliances."