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Abstrak :
Sektor bangunan adalah salah satu konsumen energi terbesar bersama dengan pemukiman, transportasi dan industri. Teknologi Fotovoltaik Terintegrasi Bangunan (BIPV) dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mengurangi konsumsi energi di gedung dan untuk mengamankan cadangan energi. Studi ini menginvestigasi penerapan BIPV di atap dan fasad bangunan tinggi di Jakarta. Di sini, baik studi kelayakan teknis dan ekonomi diuraikan. Kami menggunakan program rumus ekonometrik untuk menghitung pembangkitan energi dan spesifikasi yang dibutuhkan. BIPV atap menghasilkan hasil energi yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan BIPV fasad karena lebih banyak radiasi dapat ditangkap oleh BIPV atap pada sudut arah dan kemiringan yang optimal, arah utara dengan derajat kemiringan 15° menggunakan modul polikristalin efisiensi 16,49%. Sistem BIPV terpasang 14.782 kWp yang mengurangi 0,31% - 7,94% dari konsumsi energi gedung. Dari sisi ekonomi, total biaya proyek dan pendapatan aplikasi BIPV adalah, masing-masing, 42 ribu - 10,27 juta USD dan 38 ribu - 1,42 juta USD. Sistem BIPV menjadi lebih murah dibandingkan dengan energi fosil pada tahun ke-6 untuk aplikasi atap dan tahun ke-23 untuk aplikasi fasad. Studi ini dapat diperluas untuk mengembangkan BIPV di Indonesia.

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Building sector is one of the biggest energy consumption along with residential, transportations and industrials. Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) can be an alternative to reduce energy consumption in the building and to secure the energy reserves. This study investigates the application of BIPV on the rooftop and facade of a high-rise building in Jakarta. Here, both technical and economic feasibility study are outlined. We employed the econometric spreadsheet program to calculate the energy generation and required specifications. BIPV rooftop produces greater energy output compared to BIPV facades because more radiation can be captured by BIPV rooftop at optimum angle of direction and slope, north direction with degree of slope 15° using polycrystalline module efficiency 16.49%. The system installed capacity is 14,782 kWp which reduces 0.31 % - 7.94 % of energy consumption. From the economic side, the total project cost and revenue of BIPV application is, respectively, 42 thousand - 10.27 million USD and 38 thousand - 1.42 million USD. The BIPV system becomes cheaper than the fossil energy in the 6th year for roof applications and the 23rd year for facade applications. This study can be broadened to develop BIPV in Indonesia.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Rasio elektrifikasi di Indonesia masih belum mencapai 100%, ini menandakan masih banyak daerah di Indonesia tanpa akses listrik. Sebagai kunci utama dalam fungsinya sebagai penggerak di negara berkembang, listrik memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan industri telekomunikasi. Dalam situasi seperti itu, sulit untuk menjamin keandalan jaringan telekomunikasi, khususnya, pasokan listrik untuk base transceiver station (BTS). Untuk mengatasi kekurangan ini, sumber energi terbarukan yang tersedia di wilayah tersebut harus bisa digunakan untuk mengoperasikan BTS. Studi ini mengusulkan penggunaan sistem hibrid fotovoltaik (PV) sebagai sumber daya untuk BTS di daerah terpencil di mana listrik dari PLN sebagai pemasok utama tidak tersedia. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sistem PV mampu memasok kebutuhan beban listrik BTS dan sangat layak dianalisis dari sisi finansial. Keluaran daya sistem PV yang dirancang dapat menghasilkan 1,16 kW, sementara beban BTS adalah 1,15 kW. Kami menemukan bahwa sistem hibrid fotovoltaik mampu menangani beban BTS. Dalam perspektif ekonomi, biaya investasi untuk pembangunan sistem PV jauh lebih terjangkau, mudah dipelihara dan dioperasikan.

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ABSTRACT
The electrification ratio in Indonesia has not yet achieved 100%, meaning there are still many areas without electricity access. As a key driven country development, electricity has a significant impact to the growth of telecommunication industries. In such situations, it is therefore difficult to guarantee the reliability of the telecommunication network, in particular, the electricity supply for the base transceiver station (BTS). To overcome this shortage, locally available renewable energy sources can be a solution as a power supply for a BTS. This study proposes the use of the integrated photovoltaic (PV) hybrid system as a power sources for BTS in the remote and isolated areas that have not yet supply electricity. The results show that the use of PV hybrid system is capable of supplying the electrical load requirement of BTS and is very feasible in financial analysis. The designed PV system output can produce 1.16 kW, while BTS load is 1.15 kW. We found that the integrated PV system is capable of handling BTS load. In economic perspective, the investment cost to deploy PV system is affordable due to the advantage of PV system, which is easy to maintain and operate.

Abstrak :
Pada bangunan fotovoltaik terintegrasi pada atap di daerah tropik, sinar matahari yang jatuh pada permukaan modul fotovoltaik berpeluang memanaskan modul photovoltaic itu sendiri dan memanaskan ruangan di bawahnya. Pemanasan ruangan menurunkan kondisi termal sedangkan pemanasan modul menurunkan kinerjanya dalam menghasilkan listrik. Paper ini membahas eksperimen pengukuran suhu permukaan modul fotovoltaik dan permukaan atap asbes semen sebagai pembanding. Kegiatan ini juga mengukur dampak kenaikan suhu pada masing-masing ruang di bawahnya. Eksperimen menggunakan mock-up berskala kecil yang dipaparkan ke sinar matahari langsung. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa suhu permukaan atap fotovoltaik lebih rendah daripada atap fiber semen. Suhu ruang di bawah atap fotovoltaik juga lebih rendah daripada suhu ruang di bawah atap fiber semen. Perhitungan empiris menunjukkan bahwa kerugian penurunan daya listrik yang ditemukan tidak lebih dari 1,7%.

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Abstract
Irradiation on the surface of photovoltaic module heats up the photovoltaic module itself and the room underneath the roof of integrated photovoltaic building in the tropics area. Room heating reduces thermal condition and photovoltaic module surface heating reduces its performance in generating electricity. This paper discusses an experiment of measuring the surface temperature of photovoltaic modules and fiber-cement roof surface as a comparison. This experiment also measures the impact of rising temperatures in each space underneath. It used small-scale mock-ups exposed to direct sunlight. The result of the experiment shows that photovoltaic roof surface temperature is lower than fiber-cement roof temperature. The temperature of room under photovoltaic roof is also lower than the one under fiber-cement roof. Empirical calculation shows that loss of electrical power found is only up to 1.7%

Abstrak :
Seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi dan pertambahan penduduk di bumi yang semakin meningkat maka kebutuhan listrik juga akan meningkat, PLN telah berupaya untuk menambah jumlah pembangkit dan saluran transmisi untuk mengatasi permintaan yang terus meningkat. Namun ada ancaman yang datang dengan pembangkit listrik terpusat yaitu terkadang tidak dapat diandalkan. Membangun sistem pembangkit energi terbarukan milik sendiri dapat menjadi jawaban atas masalah sistem pembangkit listrik terpusat, tidak hanya kita dapat memiliki kendali sytem tersebut iuga akan membantu dengan mengurangi ancaman produksi gas rumah kaca. Sistem photovoltaic dapat berkembang baik dikarenakan Indonesia tidak hanya memiliki penyinaran matahari yang tinggi tetapi juga konstan, dengan pemikiran ini sekarang muncul masalah konfigurasi mana yang paling hemat biaya sementara juga mampu menghasilkan cukup untuk dianggap layak untuk digunakan sebagai sumber pembangkit listrik, masing-masing sistem memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan yang juga dapat menjadi faktor untuk menentukan mana yang paling layak, tesis ini diharapkan dapat memberikan simulasi sistem photovoltaic dengan konfigurasi yang berbeda dan diharapkan dapat menganalisis konfigurasi mana yang bekerja paling baik. untuk profil beban residensial di Jakarta dengan membandingkan 2 aplikasi konfigurasi yang berbeda dengan beban residensial. Tesis ini akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak HOMER pro, hasil simulasi diharapkan akan menunjukkan konfigurasi mana yang bekerja paling baik di perumahan tingkat menengah Jakarta (berdaya sekitar 3500) yang akan dinilai oleh apakah sistem mampu menurunkan biaya untuk menghasilkan listrik sambil meningkatkan produksi listrik untuk rumah tangga. Namun, produksi energi dan biaya sistem berbeda di setiap lokasi. Karena perbedaan indeks penyinaran dan kejernihan matahari, setiap sistem dapat menghasilkan jumlah listrik yang berbeda dan menghasilkan perbedaan biaya, dan simulasi ini juga dijalankan pada masa pandemi yang menyebabkan tren beban perumahan melonjak dan malah menciptakan tren konsumsi listrik bisa di bilang tinggi. ......As the technology progress and the population increases on earth increases the growing demand for electricity will also increase, PLN has made effort to increase the number of generators and transmission line to combat the growing demand. But there is a creeping threat that comes with centralized power generation which is the unreliably of it. Constructing a selfowned renewable energy generation system may be the answer to the problem of a centralized power generation system, not only that we could have control over it would also help with the growing threat of greenhouse gas production. A photovoltaic system can thrive since Indonesia has not only high but also constant solar irradiance, with this in mind now comes the problem of which configuration will be most cost-effective while also able to generate enough to be considered viable to use as a source of electricity generation, each system has its pros and cons that could also be a factor to determining which is the most viable one, this thesis will hopefully provide a simulation of the photovoltaic system under different configurations and hopefully then be able to analyze which configuration works best for residential load profile in Jakarta by comparing the 2 different configuration application to the residential load. This thesis will be conducted using HOMER pro software, the result of the simulation will hopefully show which configuration works best under on Jakarta’s mid-tier housing (around 3500 in power) which will be determined by whether the system is able to lower the cost to generate electricity all the while increasing the production of electricity for the simulated household. However, the energy production and cost of the system are different in every location. Due to the difference in solar irradiance and clearness index, every system could generate different amounts of electricity and result in differences of the cost, and this simulation also is run under pandemic times which causes the trend of residential load to spike and instead creating a relatively high trend of electricity consumption.

Abstrak :
[Although fossil fuels remain the primary global energy source, developing and expanding economies are creating an ever-widening gap between supply and demand. Efficient energy management offers a cost-effective opportunity for both industrialized and developing nations to limit the enormous financial and environmental costs associated with burning fossil fuels. The implication of photovoltaic systems in particular presents the potential for clean and sustainable electrical energy to be generated from an unrestricted source. Energy management in buildings using photovoltaics demonstrates how adopting ‘best practices’ for energy management and harvesting can reduce the need to construct new generating facilities. Illustrated with figures, tables and photos, Energy management in buildings using photovoltaics provides an introduction and step by step instructions on designing and planning photovoltaic systems and energy policies for both residential and industrial buildings. With particular focus on the example of provided by European industry, the creation of energy efficient systems is explored including chapters on : zero energy buildins, photovoltaics technology, and connection of the network.;Although fossil fuels remain the primary global energy source, developing and expanding economies are creating an ever-widening gap between supply and demand. Efficient energy management offers a cost-effective opportunity for both industrialized and developing nations to limit the enormous financial and environmental costs associated with burning fossil fuels. The implication of photovoltaic systems in particular presents the potential for clean and sustainable electrical energy to be generated from an unrestricted source. Energy management in buildings using photovoltaics demonstrates how adopting ‘best practices’ for energy management and harvesting can reduce the need to construct new generating facilities. Illustrated with figures, tables and photos, Energy management in buildings using photovoltaics provides an introduction and step by step instructions on designing and planning photovoltaic systems and energy policies for both residential and industrial buildings. With particular focus on the example of provided by European industry, the creation of energy efficient systems is explored including chapters on : zero energy buildins, photovoltaics technology, and connection of the network., Although fossil fuels remain the primary global energy source, developing and expanding economies are creating an ever-widening gap between supply and demand. Efficient energy management offers a cost-effective opportunity for both industrialized and developing nations to limit the enormous financial and environmental costs associated with burning fossil fuels. The implication of photovoltaic systems in particular presents the potential for clean and sustainable electrical energy to be generated from an unrestricted source. Energy management in buildings using photovoltaics demonstrates how adopting ‘best practices’ for energy management and harvesting can reduce the need to construct new generating facilities. Illustrated with figures, tables and photos, Energy management in buildings using photovoltaics provides an introduction and step by step instructions on designing and planning photovoltaic systems and energy policies for both residential and industrial buildings. With particular focus on the example of provided by European industry, the creation of energy efficient systems is explored including chapters on : zero energy buildins, photovoltaics technology, and connection of the network.]