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Abstrak :
Pendahuluan: Kulit buah manggis memiliki khasiat antioksidan, antitumor, antiinflamasi, antialergi, antibakteri, antijamur dan antivirus. Kulit buah manggis memiliki kandungan zat aktif xanton, antosianin, tanin, fenol, dan lainnya. Proses penyembuhan fraktur tulang terdiri dari fase inflamasi sampai fase remodeling dengan khasiat antiinflamasi dan antioksidan yang berperan dalam proses penyembuhan fraktur tulang. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak kulit buah manggis terhadap penyembuhan tulang. Metode dan Bahan: Penelitian ini menggunakan enam ekor mencit (12 femur) yang terdiri dari 6 femur kanan diaplikasikan saline water, 3 femur kiri diaplikasikan ekstrak kulit buah manggis dosis 5 mg/kg, dan 3 femur kiri dengan dosis 20 mg/kg pada hari ke 2,4,6. Pembuatan defek dilakukan dengan bur bulat pada femur sebelum aplikasi. Semua mencit dikorbankan pada hari ke 7 dan selanjutnya ukuran diameter defek dievaluasi dengan alat digital radiografi. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan ukuran diameter defek pada dosis 5 mg/kg yang tidak berbeda bermakna (p > 0,05) dengan saline water dan dosis 20 mg/kg. Kesimpulan: Aplikasi ekstrak kulit buah manggis dapat menurunkan ukuran diameter defek tulang. ......Background: Pericarp of mangosteen has effects of antioxidant, antitumor, antiinlammatory, antialergy, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral. Pericarp of mangosteen contains active substances of xanthone, anthocyanin, tannins, phenols, and more. Bone fracture healing process consists of the inflammatory phase to a phase of remodeling with antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties that play a role in process of bone fracture healing. Objective: Examine the extract of mangosteen peel on bone fracture healing. Material and Methods: This study uses six mice (12 femur) consisting of 6 right femur that was applied saline water, 3 left femur was applied the extract of mangosteen peel with a dose of 5 mg/kg, and 3 left femur with a dose of 20 mg/kg on day 2, 4, 6. Defect is created with a round bur in femur before application. All mice were sacrificed on day 7 and then the diameter of defect is evaluated by means of digital radiography. The Results: There was a decrease of the diameter of defects at the dose of 5 mg/kg that were not significantly different (p > 0.05) with saline water and a dose of 20 mg/kg. Conclusion: Applications of mangosteen peel extract can decrease the size of diameter of bone defect.

Abstrak :
Artritis reumatoid (AR) dapat menyebabkan penurunan massa tulang sistemik akibat adanya peningkatan osteoklastogenesis dan penghambatan osteoblastogenesis melalui peningkatan sklerostin yang menyebabkan penghambatan jalur Wingless(Wnt)-bcatenin canonicaldan bone morphogenetic proteins(BMP). Sampai saat ini masih belum ada penelitian tentang korelasi TNF-adan sklerostin terhadap penanda turnovertulang (CTX dan P1NP) pada pasien AR perempuan premenopause.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan patogenesis hilangnya massa tulang pada pasien artritis rheumatoid perempuan premenopause dengan menilai hubungan antara kadar sitokin proinflamasi TNF-α, penghambat Wnt signalingsklerostin, dan penanda resorpsi tulang P1NP dan CTX.Studi potong lintang ini melibatkan 38 perempuan AR premenopause. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara konsekutif. Pemeriksaan dilakukan dengan ELISA. Penelitian ini didapatkan kadar CTX (rerata 2,74 ng/ml) yang lebih tinggi dan P1NP (median 34,04 pg/ml) yang lebih rendahdibandingkan dengan sampel sehat pada penelitian sebelumnya. Terdapat korelasi negatif (r = -0,388) antara kadar TNF-α dengan kadar sklerostin yang bermakna secara statistik (p = 0,016). Terdapat pula korelasi positif (r = 0,362) antara kadar TNF-α dengan kadar P1NP yang bermakna secara statistik (p = 0,026). didapatkan adanya peningkatan CTX dan penurunan P1NP, adanya korelasi negatif bermakna antara kadar TNF-α dan sklerostin serta adanya korelasi positif bermakna antara kadar TNF-α dan P1NP. ......Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with systemic bone mass loss due tostimulation of osteoclastogenesis and inhibition of osteoblastogenesis through inhibition of Wingless(Wnt) -bcatenin canonical and bone morphogenetic proteins(BMP) pathway by sclerostin. There are currently no studies that assess the correlation of TNF-α and sclerostin with bone resorption markers CTX and P1NPin premenopause rheumatoid arthritis patients. This study aims to explainthe pathogenesis of bone mass decrease by assessing the correlation between TNF-α, sclerostin, P1NP and CTX. This cross-sectional study involves 38 premenopausal women with AR. Sampling is done consecutively. Examination is done by ELISA. This study found higher level of serum CTX (mean 2,74ng/mL) and lower level of P1NP (median 34,04 pg/mL) than normal population in previous studies. There was a negative correlation (r = -0,388) between TNF-α levels and sclerostin levels which was significant (p = 0,016). There wasalso a positive correlation (r = 0,362) between TNF-α levels and P1NP levels which was also significant (p = 0,026). This study found an increase in CTX and decrease in P1NP. There was a significant negative correlation between TNF-α and sclerostin levels and also a significant positive correlation between TNF-α and P1NP levels.

Abstrak :
Total Hip Replacement merupakan salah satu operasi yang dilakukan untuk memperbaiki sendi pada bagian pinggul yang terkena penyakit, kecelakaan, kelainan tulang, dan penyakin bawaan. Ukuran tulang pada setiap etnis atau koloni pada setiap negara atau suatu daerah berbeda satu dengan yang lain. Penelitian tentang setiap ukuran tulang pada setiap etnis tersebut sangat diperlukan untuk mendapatkan desain yang sesuai dengan etnis tersebut. Desain dengan ukuran tulang orang Indonesiapun dibuat dan dilakukan simulasi. Proses simulasi yang berfungsi untuk mendapatkan data dari desain hip prosthesis dengan ukuran tulang orang Indonesia yang terbilang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan ukuran tulang orang Eropa maupun Amerika. Proses simulasi yang telah disesuaikan dengan standar American Standard Testing and Material ASTM dan International Organization for Standarization ISO tentang Finite Element Analysis. Dari hasil simulasi tersebut didapatkan desain yang sesuai dengan tulang ukuran orang Indonesia dan ketentuan yang harus diperhatikan dalam melukan desain hip prosthesis orang Indonesia. ......Total Hip Replacement is one of the surgeries performed to repair joints in hip affected by disease, accidents, bone disorder, and congenital disease. The size of the bones in each ethnic od colony in each country or region is different from one another. Research on each bone size in each ethnic group is very needed to get a design that suits to that ethnicity. Indonesian bone size design was made and simulated. Function of simulation process to get data from hip prosthesis design with Indonesian bone size that smaller than European and American bone size. The simulation process have been adjusted to American Standard Testing and Material ASTM and International Organization for Standarization ISO about Finite Element Analysis. From the simulation result, it was found that design was in accordance with the bone size of Indonesian people and the provisions that must be considered in designing hip prosthesis for Indonesian people.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang Perilaku duduk menetap telah menjadi suatu rutinitas yang berkontribusi sebagai penyebab gangguan kesehatan seperti keropos tulang. Namun, untuk beberapa orang seperti pekerja kantoran, hal ini sulit dihindari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor risiko individu dan pekerjaan terhadap kepadatan mineral tulang (Bone Mineral Density/BMD) pada pekerja kantoran dengan pola kerja sedenter. Metode Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada populasi pekerja administratif di RS Olahraga Nasional dan Kemenpora RI pada bulan Januari-Maret 2023. Variabel terikat adalah kepadatan mineral tulang berupa skor T yang diukur menggunakan alat DEXA. Variabel bebas mencakup faktor individu seperti usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat osteoporosis pada keluarga, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), merokok, minum alkohol, asupan kalsium, asupan vitamin D, penyakit DM, aktivitas fisik di luar tempat kerja dan faktor pekerjaan yaitu lama duduk harian di tempat kerja. Hasil Subjek penelitian berjumlah 110 orang pekerja kantoran, 70,9% perempuan, median usia 37 tahun. Skor BMD rendah terdapat pada 29 subjek (26,4%) terdiri dari 3 subjek dengan osteoporosis dan 26 subjek dengan osteopenia. Analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik mendapatkan faktor yang berhubungan secara independen dengan skor BMD rendah adalah penyakit DM (OR 10,7 dengan IK 95% 1,3-85,2), lama duduk di tempat kerja >6 jam/hari (OR 8,5 dengan IK 95% 2,8-25,5), IMT kurus (OR 7,5 dengan IK 95% 1,2-46,6), dan usia>50 tahun (OR 5,1 dengan IK 95% 1,6-15,9). Tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, asupan vitamin D, aktivitas fisik, dan merokok terhadap skor BMD yang rendah. Kesimpulan. Satu dari empat pekerja kantoran mengalami skor kepadatan mineral tulang yang rendah yang berhubungan dengan penyakit DM, lama duduk di tempat kerja, status gizi, dan usia. Diperlukan tata laksana okupasi berupa modifikasi posisi bekerja untuk mengurangi waktu duduk harian demi mencegah terjadinya gangguan kesehatan tulang di kemudian hari. ......Background Prolonged sitting has become a routine that contributes to causing health problems, one of which is bone loss. However, for some people, such as office workers, this is difficult to avoid. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between individual and occupational risk factors on bone mineral density (BMD) in sedentary office workers. Methods This research is a cross-sectional study conducted on a population of office workers at the National Sports Hospital and the Indonesian Ministry of Youth and Sport in January-March 2023. The dependent variable is bone mineral density in the form of a T-score as measured using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Independent variables include individual factors such as age, gender, family history of osteoporosis, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, calcium intake, vitamin D intake, history of DM, physical activity, and occupational factors, namely daily sitting time at work. Results The subjects totaled 110 office workers, 70.9% were female, the median age was 37 years old. Low BMD were found in 29 subjects (26.4%) consisting of 3 subjects with osteoporosis and 26 subjects with osteopenia. Multivariate analysis using logistic regresion found factors that were independently associated with a low BMD were history of diabetes mellitus (OR 10.7, 95% CI 1.3-85.2), duration of daily sitting at work > 6 hours (OR 8.5, 95% CI 2.8-25.5), underweight (OR 7.5, 95% CI 1.2-46.6), and age> 50 years old (OR 5.1, 95% CI 1,6-15,9). No significant relationship was found between gender, vitamin D intake, physical activity, and smoking on low BMD. Conclusions One in four office workers experience a low bone mineral density related to DM, prolonged sitting at work, nutritional status, and age. Occupational management is needed in the form of modifying work positions to reduce daily sitting time and to prevent bone loss in the future.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: GCT tulang merupakan lesi jinak tetapi secara lokal dapat bersifat agresif pada daerah epifisis. Angka rekurensi yang tinggi, dilaporkan mencapai 75%. Tumor dapat bermetastasis ke paru (2-9%) dan tercatat 0-37% angka mortalitas akibat metastasis. Beberapa penelitian menghasilkan variasi berbeda penanganan tumor ini terhadap luaran onkologi dan fungsional serta angka kematian paska pembedahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melaporkan pengalaman dalam penatalaksanaan pembedahan tumor ini dan untuk melihat adanya hubungan antara tatalaksana pembedahan dengan dampak klinis. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan kohort retrospektif, sebanyak 99 pasien GCT tulang menjalani tindakan kuretase ataupun wide resection di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo pada 1995 - 2014. Luaran onkologi berdasarkan angka rekurensi lokal, metastasis tumor serta mortalitas dan luaran fungsional berdasarkan sistem penilaian Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS). Hasil: Lokasi tumor terutama di distal femur (25,2%). Rekurensi lokal terjadi pada 4 pasien, terutama di distal femur (50%). Rekurensi lokal terjadi seimbang pada wide resection dan kuretase dan secara statistik tidak bermakna (p 0.578, uji eksak Fischer). Tidak dijumpai kejadian rekurensi lokal pada seluruh pasien yang mengalami metastasis. Metastasis terjadi pada kelompok wide resection. Kematian terjadi pada 4 pasien yang mengalami metastasis. Sebagian besar pasien (51,1%) menunjukkan luaran fungsional kategori sangat baik (skor MSTS di atas 75%). Analisis kesintasan bebas rekurensi lokal secara statistik tidak bermakna (p 0.564). Analisis multivariat (regresi Cox) hanya faktor metastasis yang berpengaruh pada mortalitas (p. 0.001) Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara stadium tumor dengan metastasis dan jenis tindakan operasi. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kejadian rekurensi lokal dan metastasis serta luaran fungsional dengan jenis tindakan operasi.

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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Giant cell tumor of bone is benign lesion with ability to be locally aggressive in epiphysis. Its recurrence rate was reported as high as 75%. Tumor can metastasize to lungs (2-9%) and up to 37% mortality rate due to metastasis. Several studies have reported different rates of local recurrence, lung metastasis, mortality rate, and functional outcome. This study aims to report our experience and analyze the correlation between surgery and clinical findings. Methods: In this retrospective cohort, 99 patients GCT of bone undergone curettage or wide resection in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during 1995-2014. Oncological outcome were analyzed according to local recurrence rate, metastasis, and mortality rate, while functional outcome were measured according to Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS). Results: Tumor location were predominantly in distal femur (25.2%). Local recurrence were observed in 4 patient and mainly in distal femur (50%). Local recurrence were evenly balanced between surgical curettage and wide resection (50% each) and thus not statistically significant (Exact Fischer, p=0.578). Metastasis were observed in patients who undergone wide resection, however, no significant correlation were found between metastasis incidence and types of surgical intervention (Exact Fischer, p=0.318). Four have died related to metastasis. No local recurrence were observed in patients suffering from metastasis. In more than half of patients (51.5%), the functional status were very good (MSTS >75. Recurrence-free survival analysis not significant statistically (p 0.564).Multivariate analysis (Cox regression) showed that only metastasis was found to be significantly correlated to mortality (p. 0.001). Conclusion: Tumor stage was correlated to metastasis, and type of surgical intervention. No significant correlation were found between local recurrence, metastasis, and functional outcome to types of surgical intervention., Introduction: Giant cell tumor of bone is benign lesion with ability to be locally aggressive in epiphysis. Its recurrence rate was reported as high as 75%. Tumor can metastasize to lungs (2-9%) and up to 37% mortality rate due to metastasis. Several studies have reported different rates of local recurrence, lung metastasis, mortality rate, and functional outcome. This study aims to report our experience and analyze the correlation between surgery and clinical findings. Methods: In this retrospective cohort, 99 patients GCT of bone undergone curettage or wide resection in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during 1995-2014. Oncological outcome were analyzed according to local recurrence rate, metastasis, and mortality rate, while functional outcome were measured according to Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS). Results: Tumor location were predominantly in distal femur (25.2%). Local recurrence were observed in 4 patient and mainly in distal femur (50%). Local recurrence were evenly balanced between surgical curettage and wide resection (50% each) and thus not statistically significant (Exact Fischer, p=0.578). Metastasis were observed in patients who undergone wide resection, however, no significant correlation were found between metastasis incidence and types of surgical intervention (Exact Fischer, p=0.318). Four have died related to metastasis. No local recurrence were observed in patients suffering from metastasis. In more than half of patients (51.5%), the functional status were very good (MSTS >75. Recurrence-free survival analysis not significant statistically (p 0.564).Multivariate analysis (Cox regression) showed that only metastasis was found to be significantly correlated to mortality (p. 0.001). Conclusion: Tumor stage was correlated to metastasis, and type of surgical intervention. No significant correlation were found between local recurrence, metastasis, and functional outcome to types of surgical intervention.]

Abstrak :
"Mineralized Tissues in Oral and Craniofacial Science" is a major comprehensive update on knowledge in the field of mineralized tissues in the oral and craniofacial region. Drs. McCauley and Somerman assembled an international team of researchers and clinicians, offering a global perspective on the current knowledge in this field. Basic and clinical correlates reinforce the significance of research to clinical diagnoses and therapies, written in a manner that lends easily to their use for case study teaching venues. Section 1 features the many aspects of bone in the craniofacial region, including embryology, cell biology, and stem cell biology. Section 2 focuses on teeth-tooth development, dentin, enamel, cementum, and tooth regeneration. Section 3 discusses the interaction between bones and teeth, including those associated with inflammatory processes, periodontal ligaments, biomechanics, and other impact factors-such as nutrition, metabolic bone diseases and therapeutic modalities. The novel approach of linking the basic principles of the cell and molecular biology of hard tissues to clinical correlates will appeal to readers at all levels of their research careers, both students and faculty; faculty interested in a comprehensive text for reference; and clinicians interested in the biologic aspects of bones and teeth.

Abstrak :
"Clinical Orthopaedic Examination is firmly established as a standard guide to the subject. Although the basic techniques of a good clinical examination are best learned by performance under supervision, the lack of opportunities to experience an adequate range of suitable clinical cases makes this difficult to achieve in practice. As a result many students and trainees have only a sketchy knowledge of the techniques of examination which are fundamental to diagnosis and treatment. This book will be invaluable in helping fill some of these inevitable gaps until sound practice based on experience is achieved. The author's illustrations, arranged in a linear sequence, follow the traditional lines of inspection, palpation and the examination of movements and pertinent anatomical structures. The essential role of radiographic examination in the investigation of most orthopaedic cases is fully illutrated and integrated with the unique line drawings. For this Sixth Edition the text has been updated to include a number of new tests and methods of assessing overall limb function."--Publisher's description.

Abstrak :
Recent research, which Bone- Metabolic Function and Modulators expands on, has added new support to the idea that bone not only serves as a support system, but also functions as an integrating organ, with a significant regulatory role for lipid and energy metabolism. Links between physical activity and the skeleton are also becoming increasingly clear. This fully illustrated volume contains up-to-date information on the metabolic role of the skeleton and what this can mean for the treatment of metabolic as well as skeletal and auditory diseases.