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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas citra USG 2D dan evaluasi parameter untuk phantom polyurethane sebagai test unjuk kerja dan akurasi USG 2D. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut maka dilakukan tahap pre-processing, intermediate-processing, dan post-processing menggunakan software Matlab secara offline. Pre-processing terdiri dari cropping dan filtering, intermediateprocessing berupa segmentasi menggunakan algoritma FCM, dan post-processing mengevaluasi parameter-parameter dari citra phantom polyurethane. Hasil dari pre-processing yaitu dimensi citra menjadi kecil, resolusi turun, dan citra menjadi blur. Algoritma FCM yang diimplementasikan mempartisi objek citra ke dalam empat cluster berdasarkan similaritas derajat keabuannya. Tahap terakhir, menampilkan jarak, diameter, dan titik konsentrasi objek pada parameter tertentu dari citra. Segmentasi merupakan inti dari peningkatan kualitas citra yang mana algoritma FCM menghasilkan citra yang tersegmentasi secara tepat namun evaluasi beberapa parameter masih kurang signifikan (lihat Tabel 4.1).

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ABSTRACT
The research aim to upgrade image quality of USG 2D and to evaluate parameter for polyurethane phantom as performance test and accuracy of USG 2D. The goals could be reached via pre-processing, intermediate-processing, and postprocessing step using Matlab software in offline. Pre-processing consist of cropping and filtering process. Intermediate-processing is segmentation that using Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm and post-processing evaluated parameter of polyurethane phantom image. Result of pre-processing is polyurethane phantom image with small dimension, low resolution, and blur. FCM algorithm was implementation make partition image object into four cluster based on similarity its gray scale. The last step display distance, diameter, and concentration dot of object in particular parameter of image. Segmentation is main step of enhancement of image quality which FCM algorithm that produced image segmentation accurately however evaluation of any parameter did not still quite significant (look at Table 4.1).

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Multifungsi untuk terapi kanker tulang dan regenerasi jaringan tulang mulai dipelajari dengan menggunakan scaffold komposit biopolimer dan magnetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyintesis dan mengarakterisasi scaffold karbonat apatit/kitosan/alginat/partikel magnetik kalsium alumina ferrit serta menganalisis viabilitas selnya. Pertama disintesis karbonat apatit kemudian dicampurkan dengan kitosan, alginat dan kalsium alumina ferrit kemudian di freeze drying untuk mendapatkan scaffold. Hasil menunjukkan terbentuknya struktur komposit. Kalsium alumina ferrit berbentuk irregular dan berukuran 0,5-2 μm. Magnetisasi partikel kalsium alumina ferrit dan scaffold magnetik ditunjukkan dengan magnetisasi saturasi, medan koersivitas dan magnetisasi remanen. Scaffold tersebut teramati tidak mempengaruhi viabilitas sel HaCaT.

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ABSTRACT
Multifunction for bone cancer therapy and bone tissue regeneration has been studied using biopolymers and magnetic composite scaffolds. The aim of stud was to synthesize and characterize the carbonate apatite/chitosan/alginate/calcium aluminate ferrite composite scaffold as well as to analyze the cell viability. Firstly, carbonate apatite was synthesized and then was mixed with chitosan, alginate and calcium aluminate ferrite. Then the resulted gel was freeze dried to obtain the scaffold. Results indicated the formation of a composite structure. Calcium aluminate ferrite particle were irregular in shape and 0.5-2 μm in size. Magnetizations of the calcium aluminate ferrite particle and the magnetic scaffolds were demonstrated in the saturation magnetization, coercivity field and remanent magnetization. The produced scaffold was observed did not affect the viability of HaCaT cells., Multifunction for bone cancer therapy and bone tissue regeneration has been studied using biopolymers and magnetic composite scaffolds. The aim of stud was to synthesize and characterize the carbonate apatite/chitosan/alginate/calcium aluminate ferrite composite scaffold as well as to analyze the cell viability. Firstly, carbonate apatite was synthesized and then was mixed with chitosan, alginate and calcium aluminate ferrite. Then the resulted gel was freeze dried to obtain the scaffold. Results indicated the formation of a composite structure. Calcium aluminate ferrite particle were irregular in shape and 0.5-2 μm in size. Magnetizations of the calcium aluminate ferrite particle and the magnetic scaffolds were demonstrated in the saturation magnetization, coercivity field and remanent magnetization. The produced scaffold was observed did not affect the viability of HaCaT cells.]

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Pencitraan Terahertz THz yang merupakan diagnosis spektroskopik gelombang THz dikembangkan untuk mengatasi kekurangan-kekurangan teknik pencitraan yang ada. Salah satu teknik pencitraan THz adalah THz near field imaging. Namun, teknik ini memiliki kekurangan yaitu hanya mampu mencitrakan jaringan payudara dengan ketebalan 20 m. Untuk itu, antena susun mikrostrip rectangular patch dengan inset line dan rectangular slot 0.312 THz dirancang agar mampu mencitrakan jaringan payudara yang lebih tebal. Antena dengan 1x2 elemen ini bekerja pada frekuensi 0.312 THz, bandwidth 22.68 GHz, pola radiasi directional, gain 5.6 dB, beamwidth horizontal 86.5, beamwidth vertikal 47.1, dan polarisasi linier. Antena ini dapat mencitrakan jaringan payudara dengan tebal sebesar 2 mm dan jarak antara antena transmitter dan antena receiver sebesar 4.5 mm. Simulasi pencitraan THz dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak CST Microwave Studio. Objek yang akan dicitrakan adalah jaringan payudara yang dimodelkan dalam bentuk balok. Model jaringan payudara ini terdiri dari tiga tipe jaringan: fat, fibrous, dan tumor. Simulasi pencitraan THz dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode translasi dan pada dua kondisi: variasi frekuensi serta variasi jarak pada daerah near field dan far field. Pada simulasi pencitraan THz variasi frekuensi, hasil citra pada frekuensi 0.312 THz adalah hasil citra yang paling ideal secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif dibandingkan dengan hasil citra pada frekuensi 0.302 THz dan 0.322 THz. Pada simulasi pencitraan THz variasi jarak pada daerah near field, hasil citra pada jarak antena dan phantom 2.25 mm adalah hasil citra yang paling ideal secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif dibandingkan dengan hasil citra pada jarak antena dan phantom 1.25 mm dan 1.75 mm. Pada simulasi pencitraan THz variasi jarak pada daerah far field, hasil citra pada jarak antena dan phantom 3.50 mm adalah hasil citra yang paling ideal secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif dibandingkan dengan hasil citra pada jarak antena dan phantom 3.00 mm dan 4.00 mm.

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ABSTRACT
THz imaging, which is a THz wave spectroscopic diagnosis, was developed to address the shortcomings of existing imaging techniques. One of the THz imaging techniques is THz near field imaging. However, this technique has a shortcoming that is only able to image breast tissue with thickness of 20 m. Therefore, rectangular patch microstrip array antenna with inset line and rectangular slot 0.312 THz is designed to be able to image thicker breast tissue. The antenna with 1x2 elements work at a frequency of 0.312 THz, bandwidth of 22.68 GHz, directional radiation pattern, 5.6 dB gain, horizontal beamwidth of 86.5 degree, vertical beamwidth of 47.1 degree, and linear polarization. This antenna can image the breast tissue with thickness of 2 mm and the distance between the transmitter antenna and receiver antenna of 4.5 mm. THz imaging simulation is conducted by using CST Microwave Studio. The object to be imaged is breast tissue which is modeled in the form of a block. This breast tissue model consists of three tissue types fat, fibrous, and tumor. This imaging simulation is conducted by using the method of translation and on two conditions variation of frequencies and variation of distances in the near field and far field region. On the THz imaging simulation of variations of frequencies, the image result at the frequency of 0.312 THz is the most ideal image result quantitatively and qualitatively compared to the image results at the frequency of 0.302 THz and 0.322 THz. On the THz imaging simulation of variation of distances in the near field region, the image result at the distance between the antenna and phantom of 2.25 mm are the most ideal image results quantitatively and qualitatively compared to the image results at the distance between the antenna and phantom of 1.25 mm and 1.75 mm. On the THz imaging simulation of variation of distances in the far field region, the image result at the distance between the antenna and phantom of 3.50 mm are the most ideal image result quantitatively and qualitatively compared to the image results at the distance between the antenna and phantom of 3.00 mm and 4.00 mm.

Abstrak :
Cyclodextrins in Pharmaceutics, Cosmetics, and Biomedicine covers a wide range of knowledge on cyclodextrins, from an overview of molecular and supramolecular aspects of cyclodextrin physicochemistry, to the latest outcomes in cyclodextrin use and future possibilities in the employment of these systems. This book focuses on the derivatives and physicochemical and biological properties of cyclodextrins, and considers drug delivery through topical, mucosal, and oral via cyclodextrin complexes. This book consists of two main sections. Part I focuses on the general physicochemical properties of cyclodextrins, such as complexation, as well as drug solubilization and stabilization, which made them come into use in the first place, followed by specific chapters dedicated to various routes of administration, such as oral, mucosal, and skin. Part II consists of novel and specialized applications of cyclodextrins based on the diversity of modified cyclodex- trins. A major group of novel cyclodextrin derivatives are amphiphilic cyclodextrins with different surface charges.

Abstrak :
This volume presents the proceedings of the Brazilian Congress on Biomedical Engineering (CBEB 2018). The conference was organised by the Brazilian Society on Biomedical Engineering (SBEB) and held in Armação de Buzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 21-25 October, 2018. Topics of the proceedings include these 11 tracks: • Bioengineering • Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs • Biomechanics and Rehabilitation • Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation • Biomedical Robotics, Assistive Technologies and Health Informatics • Clinical Engineering and Health Technology Assessment • Metrology, Standardization, Testing and Quality in Health • Biomedical Signal and Image Processing • Neural Engineering • Special Topics • Systems and Technologies for Therapy and Diagnosis

Abstrak :
This book is the first of its kind to bring together experts from across Europe to explore the landscape of current life science policy and industrial development in CEE, including implications for economies, regulatory and legal frameworks, health care, ethics and human rights.

Abstrak :
Commercialisation and growing potential of human ICT implants have generated debate over the ethical, legal and social aspects of the technology, its products and application. Despite stakeholders calling for greater policy and legal certainty within this area, gaps have already begun to emerge between the commercial reality of human ICT implants and the current legal frameworks designed to regulate these products. This book focuses on the latest technological developments and on the legal, social and ethical implications of the use and further application of these technologies.