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RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIFRuang Lingkup dan Cara Penelitian: Pengobatan kanker payudara sudah
banyak diupayakan, melalui tindakan bedah, radioterapi, kemoterapi
dan terapi hormonal, namun hasilnya kurang memuaskan. Yang sangat
didambakan dan ideal ialah cara pencegahan timbulnya kanker atau
setidaknya upaya menekan perkembangan kanker. Beberapa jenis
bahan makanan telah dilap orkan mempuny ai kh asiat mencegah
timbulnya keganasan . Vitamin A alami maupun sintetik dilaporkan
dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan sel, sehingga \litamin A dosis tinggi
diperkirakan dapat mencegah atau menghambat pertumbunan tumor.
Dilakukan penelitian eksperimental untuk menilai daya hambat retinil
asetat terhadap pertumbuhan tumor transplantabel kele njar susu
mencit. Tiga kelompok mencit ja tan strain GR, umur ± 2 bulan dan
berat badan 18 - 23 g, masing-masing 12 ekor, diinokulasi secara subkutan
dengan 0,2 ml suspensi tumor kelenjar susu yang diperoleh dari
mencit GR donor. Tiga jam kemudian kelompok perlakuan RA dicekok
dengan sonde lambung 0,2 ml larutan retinil asetat 1500 IU, dan
dila njutkan se tiap li ari selama 14 h a ri. Kelompok kontro l KP
mempero leh 0,2 ml akuades sebagai ganti retinil asetat, sedangkan
kelompok K tidak dibeliikan apa-apa. Daerah inokulasi diraba setiap
hari untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan tumor. Volume tumor dan berat
badan mencit diukur setiap 3 haui, dan pada hari ke-15 semua mencit
dimatikan dengan cara dislokasi servikal. Tumor diangkat dan diukur
volumenya, lalu dibuat sediaan mikroskopik dengan pewarnaan HE.
Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Volume tumor pada mencit kelomQok RA ternyata
Jebih kecil daripada elompok KP dan K (p < 0,01). Tumor pada
kedua kelompok kontrol maupun perlakuan RA menunjukkan gambaran
adenokarsinoma, namun indeks mitosis pada kelompok RA lebih kecil
daripada kedua kelompok kontrol. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan
bahwa pemberian retinil asetat 1500 IU setiap hari selama 14 hari
dengan dicekokkan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tumor transplantabel
kelenjar susu mencit GR.
Scope and Method of Study: Breast cancer has been treated by various
means of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy,
however, the outcome are still unsatisfactory. The ideal approach
should be through prevention, or at least the development and progress
of cancer inhibited. Different kinds of foodstuffs have been reported
to be useful in the protection against malignancy. Vitamin A, either
natural or synthetic, has been reported to affect cell growth, and a
high dose was considered to be protective and inhibit tumor growth.
An experiment was carried out on male GR mice, approximately 2
months old and weighing 18 - 23 g, to evaluate the inhibitory action
of retinyl acetate on the growth of transplantable mammary tumor.
Thirty six mice were divided into 3 groups of 12. They were all inoculated
subcutaneously with a porridge of tumor cells (0.2 ml) prepared
from a donor mouse. Three hours following inoculation, each of the
treatment group (RA) was given through a gastric tube 1500 IU of
retinyl acetate in 0.2 ml of distilled water, and the treatment continued
daily for 14 days. The control group KP received daily 0.2 ml of distilled
water, and group K was without any treatment. The mice were
observed daily for tumor growth, and tumor volume and body weight
were measured every three days starting from day 3. At the end of the
experiment (day 15), the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation.
The tumor was excised from each mouse and the volume measured,
and further processed for microscopic examination by HE stain.
Findings and Conclusions: The volume of the tumor of the mice receiving
retinyl acetate was significantly smaller than those of the control
groups K and KP (p < 0.01). Tumors from the treatment group as well
as both control groups showed the characteristics of adenocarcinoma,
but the mitotic index was significantly smaller in the treatment group.
It is concluded that treatment with retinyl acetate, 1500 IU daily for
14 days, could inhibit the growth of transplantable mammary tumor in
GR mice.
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