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"This article introduces the research results of a site index classification for Acacia hybrid plantations in Dong Nai Province. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine a baseline age of Acacia hybrid plantations to establish their site indices and (ii) develop site index curves for Acacia hybrid plantations. Three standard plots were established for each age group of 1-10 years with 111 trees per plot; 108 trees were measured for the estimation of growth criteria. Three trees were used for tree truncation, and truncated trees did not count for the estimation of tree growth criteria. In this study, the site index (SI) for Acacia hybrid plantations was divided into three levels according to the total height of the dominant trees. The heights collected from 108 trees were used to build the functions of the SI, and three truncated trees were used to examine the possibilities of the functions of SI. Research results showed that the appropriate baseline age of Acacia hybrid plantations at Dong Nai Province is 8 years. The site indices of hybrid plantations were divided into three site levels of I, II, and III, corresponding to heights of 24, 20 and 16 m, respectively. To improve the effectiveness of Acacia hybrid plantation businesses, owners should focus on growing plantations at site index levels of I or II."

"Karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh durasi aplikasi gel topikal gum arabic dengan konsentrasi 20 mg/ml dengan lama paparan 16 menit, 48 menit dan 96 menit terhadap kekerasan email terlebih dahulu didemineralisasi menggunakan larutan asam sitrat 1%. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu 27 email gigi sapi. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Friedman dan Kruskal-Walis. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan nilai kekerasan email gigi yang berbeda bermakna pada setiap kelompok waktu setelah aplikasi gel gum arabic 20 mg/ml. Walaupun peningkatan tersebut tidak dapat mengembalikan nilai kekerasan awal email. Peningkatan kekerasan email terbesar terjadi pada kelompok waktu 96 menit.

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The aim of this study is to analyze effect of topical gel gum arabic 20 mg/ml with duration of application: 16 minutes, 48 minutes and 96 minutes, on the enamel hardness after demineralized using 1% citric acid solution. Samples used are 27 bovine teeth. The statistical test used are Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis. The results of the statistical test revealed that there is an increase in the value of teeth enamel hardness after application of gel, but it cannot restore the initial value of hardness. The highest increas of hardness is in the group of 96 minutes."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan dosis pupuk Multicore yang paling efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit Acacia mangium di pembibitan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan bulan Juli 2012, di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak kelompok (RAK), dengan enam perlakuan dosis pupuk Multicore yaitu : 0 g/tanaman (kontrol), 2 g/tanaman, 4 g/tanaman, 6 g/tanaman, 8 g/tanaman, dan 10 g/tanaman, persentase tumbuh, bobot basah tanaman dan bobot kering tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada petumbuhan awal (4 MST, 6 MST, dan 8 MST), perlakukan yang diberikan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman. Namun di akhir pengamatan (10 MST dan 12 MST), perlakuan yang diberikan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman. Penggunaan pupuk Multicote dengan dosis 10 g/tanaman memberikan pengaruh yang paling baik terhadap tinggi tanaman, bobot basah dan bobot kering tanaman Akasia. Tanpa pupuk Multicote tinggi tanaman, bobot basah, bobot kering tanaman Akasia adalah yang paling rendah."

"Eruption of Mount Merapi in 2010 caused a dense cover of Acacia decurrens Willd., which is an Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS). The dense cover happened in all areas of Mount Merapi National Park (MMNP) in Java, Indonesia. This study was aimed to describe the relationship between major natural disturbance from volcanic eruption in triggering the invasion of A.decurrens in Mount Merapi National Park. Vegetation data were collected using line transect in two different sites. The first site was Cangkringan which was affected by pyroclastic flow and the second site was Selo which was not affected by pyroclastic flow. Distribution patterns and association of A.decurrens with other species in each location was analyzed using ordination analysis of the Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS). Microclimate such as temperature, humidity, light density and soil humidity was recorded in each location. Correlation between species abundance and microclimate data was assessed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The results showed that the population of A. decurrens was more dominant in Cangkringan than in Selo site. Cangkringan site was impacted with pyroclastic flow during Mount Merapi eruption in 2010, while Selo site was not affected. In Cangkringan, A.decurrens was distributed in clump, while in Selo the plant was randomly distributed. Ordination analysis using NMDS showed that there was positive association between A.decurrens and herbaceous plant. Negative association was observed between A.decurrens and other tree species. CCA analysis showed that temperature and light density was positively correlated with A. decurrens abundance. This study showed that the IAPS invasion in MMNP was correlated with the eruption of Mount Merapi."

"Madu dikenal dengan aktivitas biologisnya yang beragam, salah satunya adalah sebagai imunomodulator, yakni agen yang dapat mempengaruhi respon sistem imun. Di Indonesia, salah satu jenis madu yang sudah mulai banyak diproduksi adalah madu dari nektar Acacia crassicarpa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan uji proliferasi sel limfosit dengan uji MTS untuk mengetahui efek penambahan madu dalam berbagai variasi konsentrasi terhadap respon sel imun, identifikasi senyawa polifenol menggunakan Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectometry (LCMS/MS), serta pengukuran kadar senyawa fenolik total dimana senyawa polifenol yang terkandung dalam madu turut diduga memiliki efek imunomodulasi bagi tubuh. Selain itu dilakukan uji fisikokimia berdasarkan standar SNI 8664:2018. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa madu Acacia crassicarpa dapat meningkatkan viabilitas sel limfosit yang terinduksi LPS hingga mencapai 90% pada variasi konsentrasi madu Acacia crassicarpa terbesar yakni 160 μg/ml. Hal ini didukung dengan temuan senyawa-senyawa fenolik dan metabolit dalam madu yang lebih banyak dibandingkan madu randu sehingga diduga dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas imunomodulasi tersebut. Madu Acacia crassicarpa asal Tanjung Jabung Barat, Jambi menunjukkan kandungan fenolik total tertinggi sebesar 494,03 ppm, yang berpotensi memiliki aktivitas biologis lebih tinggi dibandingkan madu serupa asal daerah lain. Hasil pengujian fisikokimia menunjukkan bahwa madu Acacia crassicarpa memiliki kualitas yang baik dan aman dikonsumsi, namun dengan catatan pada beberapa parameter dimana hasil uji melebihi standar yang ditetapkan yakni kadar air, kadar gula pereduksi, kadar sukrosa, dan keasaman.

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Honey is well-known for its various biological activities, one of which as an immunomodulator, which are substances that can affect the response of the immune system. In Indonesia, one type of honey that is widely cultivated recently is the Acacia crassicarpa honey. This research was conducted by testing lymphocyte cell proliferation with MTS assay to determine the effect of various concentrations on immune cell response, identification of polyphenolic compounds using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectometry (LCMS/MS), as well as measurement of total phenolic content in which polyphenolic compounds in honey are suggested to have immunomodulation effect on human body. In addition, physicochemical tests were conducted based on the SNI 8664:2018 standard. The test results showed that Acacia crassicarpa honey able to increase the cell viability of LPS-induced lymphocytes up to 90% which is shown by honey concentration of 160 μg/ml. This result is supported by the findings of more phenolic and metabolic compounds compared to randu honey, therefore suggests these compounds may affect the immunomodulating activity. Acacia crassicarpa honey from West Tanjung Jabung, Jambi showed the highest total phenolic content of 494.03 ppm, and may have higher biological activity potential compared to similar honey from other regions. The results of physicochemical test showed that Acacia crassicarpa honey has good quality and safe for consumption, but with a note on several parameters where the test results exceeded the established standards; with those parameters being water content, reducing sugar content, sucrose content, and acidity."

"The use of xylanase in pulp bleaching process is intended to reduce chemicals consumption in pulp industry that still using chlorine compounds (chlorine dioxide), so the bleaching stage needs to bemodified without reducing the quality of dissolving pulp. Dissolving pulp was produced from six-year-old Acacia crassicarpa as raw material by the Prehydrolysis-Kraft process, then the pulp was bleached with the ECF (elemental chlorine free) process using xylanase (X) and oxygen (O) as comparison at the early stage of bleaching. The sequences of process include X/ODEDED (xylanase or oxygen; chlorine dioxide; extraction-1; chlorine dioxide-1; extraction-2; chlorine dioxide -2). Results showed that the dissolving pulp with active alkali of 22%, sulphidity of 30%, the temperature of 165o C, and the ratio of 1:4 is the optimal condition. Cellulose content, viscosity and brightness were above 94%, 6.2 cP and 88% ISO, respectively. The dissolving pulp produced with the application of xylanase has better quality than the oxygen one, and meets the requirement according to Indonesia National Standard (SNI 0938:2010, pulp rayon). "