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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kapang dari lingkungan laut (marine derived fungi) salahsatunya adalah Emericella nidulans diketahui menghasilkan senyawa aktif emestrin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi senyawa target selain senyawa emestrin dari fraksi teraktif yang dihasilkan oleh ekstrak miselium kapang laut Emericella nidulans, mengetahui efek sitotoksik senyawa target tersebut terhadap sel kanker payudara (T47D) dan sel kanker leher rahim (HeLa). Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk melakukan produkasi senyawa target. Produksi senyawa target dari kapang laut Emericella nidulans, dilakukan dengan tiga medium fermentasi yang berbeda yaitu Malt Ekstract Broth (MEB), Soluble Starch Soytone (SWS) dan Minimum Fungi Medium (MFM). Waktu yang digunakan untuk fermentasi produksi senyawa target adalah 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 minggu. Senyawa target selain emestrin berhasil diisolasi dari ekstrak miselium Emericella nidulans. Senyawa target yang diisolasi memiliki perbedaan dengan emestrin berdasarkan nilai rf pada KLT, serapan UV dan 1H-NMR. Senyawa target memiliki aktitas sitotoksik yang kuat terhadap sel HeLa dan sel T47D dengan IC50 berturut-turut sebesar 21,2 dan 20,9 μg/ml. Hasil produksi senyawa target paling baik dihasilkan di medium Malt Ekstract Broth (MEB) pada minggu ke-3.

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Abstract
Marine fungi Emericella nidulans has known as its emestrin active compound. In this present study, we focused on extracting coumpounds beside emestrin as the most targeted coumpound isolated from mycelium marine fungi Emericella nidulans in cervix cancer cell (HeLa) and breast cancer cell (T47D). Productions from the targeted compound were seeding in fermented media Malt Extract Broth (MEB), Soluble Starch Soytone (SWS) and Minimum Fungi Medium (MFM). The timing production of fermenting compound were 1,2,3, 4 and 5 weeks. The targeted compound beside emestrin has been successfully isolated from Emericella nidulans mycelium. The targeted compound was different with emestrin base on rf value on TLC, UV and 1H-NMR spectrum. The targeted compound showed has a cytoxic activity against HeLa and T47D cell with IC50 value of 21,5 μg/ml and 20,9 μg/ml respectively. The highest yield of the targeted compound was found in MEB after 3 week of fermentation.

Abstrak :
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. is a popular timber and medicinal tree species in Indonesia.The species is valued for its quality light wood timber and for its medicinal properties. Information on its existing genetic potential is currently lacking. The present study was carried out to optimize PCR and to screen primers among accessions collected from different part of region in Indonesia using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in order to suggest appropriate primer and PCR conditions used in A.scholaris. Results showed that 26 primers generated 575 scorable bands of which 524 (92 %) were polymorphic. Fourteen highly polymorphic primers (100% polymorphic) are recorded from 48 primer used, i.e.OPA-2, OPA-03, OPA-05, OPA-06, OPA-10,OPA-12, OPA-15, OPA-18, OPA-19, OPC-03, OPC-10, OPC-12, OPC-17, and OPN-14. Based on the RAPD markers, a dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA method.The range of genetic distance was from 0.18-0.45.The molecular dara grouped the genotypes into three main clusters.

Abstrak :
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. is a popular timber and medicinal tree species in Indonesia.The species is valued for its quality light wood timber and for its medicinal properties. Information on its existing genetic potential is currently lacking. The present study was carried out to optimize PCR and to screen primers among accessions collected from different part of region in Indonesia using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in order to suggest appropriate primer and PCR conditions used in A.scholaris. Results showed that 26 primers generated 575 scorable bands of which 524 (92 %) were polymorphic. Fourteen highly polymorphic primers (100% polymorphic) are recorded from 48 primer used, i.e.OPA-2, OPA-03, OPA-05, OPA-06, OPA-10,OPA-12, OPA-15, OPA-18, OPA-19, OPC-03, OPC-10, OPC-12, OPC-17, and OPN-14. Based on the RAPD markers, a dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA method.The range of genetic distance was from 0.18-0.45.The molecular dara grouped the genotypes into three main clusters.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Peradangan kronik saluran cerna seperti Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) berisiko menjadi karsinoma kolorektal, disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan mikrobiota komensal dan patogen. Dadih sebagai probiotik dapat mempertahankan keseimbangan mikrobiota usus sehingga mengurangi risiko radang usus. Untuk melihat keefektifan probiotik susu kerbau hasil fermentasi lokal berasal dari Sumatera Barat yang mengandung Bakteri Asam Laktat, dilakukan penelitian menggunakan hewan coba. Desain penelitian eksperimental menggunakan 4 kelompok mencit Balb/c terdiri dari 6 ekor per kelompok yakni, kelompok normal diberi aquades 8 minggu, kelompok (+) dadih diberi dadih 8 minggu (112 mg/20g/BB), kelompok (+) DSS mencit diberi DSS konsentrasi 3% sebanyak 3 siklus 6 minggu, serta kelompok uji diberi dadih 8 minggu dan DSS sebanyak 3 siklus. Mencit kemudian di-euthanasia dan diambil darah intrakardiak. Kadar sitokin TNF-alpha, IL-1β dan IL-10 diperiksa menggunakan Luminex dari serum. Dadih yang digunakan mengandung bakteri Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis sebanyak 3x107 CFU/gram. Ada beda signifikan kadar TNF-alpha (p=0,033) dan IL-1β (p=0,007) antar kelompok namun tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan IL-10 antar kelompok (p=0,091). Serta, ada beda signifikan kadar sitokin TNF-alpha mencit diberi dadih dan DSS dengan median kadar sitokin 26,641 (16,027-35,206) lebih rendah dibandingkan mencit yang hanya diberi DSS 41,220 (36,226-101,920) namun, median kadar sitokin IL-10 lebih tinggi sebesar 109,951 (92,621-130,436) dibandingkan mencit DSS sebesar 85,164 (57,292-111,548) serta tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan untuk IL-1β. Dadih sebagai probiotik dapat meningkatkan kadar sitokin anti-inflamasi dan menurunkan sitokin pro-inflamasi dalam keadaan radang. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dadih dapat digunakan untuk mencegah terjadinya peradangan usus.

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ABSTRACT
Chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) causes the imbalance between commensal and pathogen microbiota in the intestine. Dadih could improve the balance between commensal and pathogen bacteria, and also between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. Aim of this research is to see the effectiveness of probiotic made from locally fermented buffalo milk originating from West Sumatra using animal model. This in vivo experimental research used 4 groups of Balb/c mice consisted of 6 mice per group there are normal group mice indued by aquades for 8 weeks, DSS(+) group mice induced by dadih for 8 weeks with doses 112mg/20g/BB, DSS(+) group mice induced DSS with concentration 3% as much as 3 cycle for 6 weeks and the last treatment group mice induced dadih for 8 weeks and DSS dor 6 weeks. The further more, mice doing euthanasia and taking blood to get the serum. Serum will be using for cytokine investigation consist of TNF-alpha, IL-1β and IL-10 with Luminex. The results showed dadih contained Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis with 3x107 CFU/gram. The significant differences in TNF-alpha and IL-1β level with p = 0,033 and 0.007 respectively. However, there was no significant difference in IL-10 (p = 0.091). A further test was conducted to see the differences between groups the results showed that there were significant differences in TNF-alpha mice induced dadih+DSS group has median cytokine lower than DSS group equal to 26,641 (16,027-35,206) than 41,220 (36,226-101,920) but IL-10 cytokine dadih+DSS group has higher median cytokine 109,951 (92,621-130,436) than DSS group has 85,164 (57,292-111,548), but was no significant different at IL-1β cytokine. This research showed that dadih could enhance anti-inflammatory cytokines and suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, as locally made probiotic, dadih could be used to prevent intestinal inflammation.

Abstrak :
lnfeksi virus dengue merupakan masalah kesehatan di masyarakat. Sampai saat ini belum ada terapi spesifik untuk mengutasi penyakit tersebut Bahan alami dari kunyit banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sebagai obat. Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh penambahan ekstrak etanol kunyit dan kurkumin standar pada sel yang terinreksi virus dengue serotipe 3 in vitro. Pada penelitian ini efek kurkumin dan ekstrak kunyit dilalrukan pada sel sebelum dan setelah terinrekai virus. Titer virus basil uji dihitung dengan plaque assay. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya penurunan titer virus pada kultur yang ditambahkan ekatrak etanol kunyit 10 ppm dan kurkumin standar 5 ppm bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif. Perbadaan titer ini secara statistik bermakna (p<0,05). Hal yang sama juga ditemukan pada kultur virus yang selnya terlebih dahulu terpapar ekstrak kunyit dan kurkumin standar. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kurkumin dan ekstrak kunyit dapat menjadi kandidat antiviral untuk virus dengue dimasa mendatang. ......Dengue virus infection has emerged of health problem, and there is no specific treatment People have been used the natural extract of Curcuma longa as traditional drug. This study to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of C.longa and Curcumin lD the titer of dengue virus serotype 3 in the culture medium. Extract of C. longa and curcumin were added before and after infection. The titer of viruses were counted by plaque assay. The result showed that virus titer after treated with C. longa and curcumin lower fuan positive control. Mean of virus titer significant different (p<0,05) when we increased the concentration of extract of C.longa (10 ppm) and curcumin (5 ppm). Addition of ethanol extract of C.longa and Curcumin to the cells before infection, showed decreased the virus titer. The significantly different (p<0,05) was observed when we increased the concentration of ethanol extract of C.longa and curcumin. Based on this study, C.longa and Curcumin could be dengue antiviral in the future.