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Abstrak :
Diare merupakan salah satu gejala dari beberapa jenis penyakit yang ditandai dengan perubahan bentuk dan konsistensi tinja melembek sampai mencair dan frekuensi berak/buang air besar 3 kali atau lebih dalam sehari (Depkes, 1998). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2000 menyebutkan bahwa angka kesakitan diare tahun 1997 sebesar 20,27 per 1000 penduduk, terjadi kenaikan menjadi 23,57 per 1000 penduduk pada tahun 1998 dan pada tahun 1999 menjadi 26,13 per 1000 penduduk. Dari Hasil Survei Angka Kesakitan Diare dan Perilaku Ibu Dalam Tatalaksana Diare Balita Tahun 2000 dilaporkan, angka kesakitan meningkat dari 28,0% pada tahun 1996 menjadi 30,1% pada tahun 2000 (Depkes, 2001). Proporsi kematian balita karena diare menduduki nomor 3 (15,3%) dan pada bayi nomor 4 (11,4). Anak balita (1-4 tahun) menderita 1,6-2,2 episode diare per tahun (Depkes, I997). Di Propinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, angka kesakitan diare tahun 2000 sebesar 11,66 per 1000 penduduk. Angka kesakitan diare di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan masih diatas angka propinsi, yaitu I3,70 per 1000 penduduk (51,08% adalah balita), sedangkan Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang jauh lebih tinggi dari angka propinsi dan hampir menyamai angka nasional, yakni 20,01 per 1000 penduduk (58,95% adalah balita). Dengan masih tingginya insiden diare pada balita dan belum pernah dilakukan penelitian ini di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, maka peneliti ingin mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare balita di kabupaten tersebut. Desain penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol dengan jumlah kasus 210 sampel dan kontrol 210 sampel. Populasi penelitian adalah balita yang tinggal di wilayah Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, dengan sampel. kasus adalah balita yang menderita diare tanpa penyakit lainnya, yang datang berobat ke puskesmas dan kontrol adalah balita yang tidak menderita diare yang datang berobat ke puskesmas di wilayah Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara mengunjungi keluarga balita untuk melakukan wawancara, pengamatan dan pengukuran, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan perangkat keras komputer dan perangkat lunak program SPSS 10.0 dan program Epi info 6.0 (Epinut). Dari hasil analisis bivariat dan multivariat didapatkan bahwa variabel yang tidak berhubungan bermakna secara statistik dengan kejadian diare balita yaitu variabel air bersih, jamban, umur ibu, pendidikan, ibu bekerja, pengetahuan, pendapatan keluarga, jumlah balita lebih dari 1 orang dan umur anak. Sedangkan variabel yang berhubungan bermakna dengan kejadian diare balita setelah dikontrol dengan variabel lainnya adalah variabel praktek, jumlah anggota keluarga lebih dari 4 orang, status gizi kurang dan ASI eksklusif: Variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian diare balita yakni variabel ASI eksklusif, yang mempunyai risiko terjadinya diare pada balita sebesar 2,09 kali (95% CI : 1,33-3,30). Dari hasil tersebut diatas peneliti menyarankan untuk dilakukan penyuluhan yang lebih ditekankan pada materi ASI eksklusif, pencegahan diare dan peningkatan status gizi keluarga. Peneliti juga menyarankan untuk dilakukan penelitian lanjutan tentang hubungan jumlah anggota keluarga lebih dari 4 orang dengan kejadian diare balita. ...... Analysis of Factors Related to the Incidence of Under Five Years Children Diarrhoea in Aceh Tamiang Regency in 2002Diarrhoea is a symptom of several diseases, marked by a change in form and consistency of the stool, which becomes mushy to watery, as well as in frequency of defecation of three or more times a day. (Ministry of Health, 1998). Indonesian Health Profile 2000 stated that the morbidity rate of diarrhoea in 1997 reached 20.27 per 1000 population, which then increased to 23.57 per 1000 population in 1998, and to 2&13 per 1000 population in 1999. From the results of The Morbidity Rate of Diarrhoea and Mothers' Behavior Survey in Management of Under five years children Diarrhoea in 2002, it was reported that the morbidity rate increased from 28.0% in 1996 to 30.1% in 2000 (Ministry of Health, 2001). The proportion of under five years children's' death from diarrhoea ranked 3 (15.3%) and infants' [death from diarrhoea] ranked 4 (11.4%). Under five years children's (aged 1-4 years) suffer from 1.6-2.2 episodes of diarrhoea per year (Ministry of Health, 1997). In Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province the morbidity rate of diarrhoea in the year 2000 reached 11.66 per 1000 population. The morbidity rate of diarrhoea in South Aceh Regency was higher than that of the province at 13.70 per 1000 population (51,08% of whom were under five years children's), while in Aceh Tamiang Regency the rate was even higher and almost matched the national rate at 20.01 per 1000 population (58.95% of whom were under five years children's). With the high incidence of diarrhoea in under five years children's and the fact that there has been no record of research on the matter in Aceh TamianRegency, the researcher wanted to find out what factors contributed to the incidence of under Five years children diarrhoea in the particular regency. The design of this research is case control with 210 samples of case and 210 samples of control The researched population was under five years children's living in Aceh Tamiang Regency, with sample cases of under five years children's coming to the local community health center for cure for the diarrhoea they were suffering from without any other accompanying disease, and sample controls of non-diarrheic under five years children's coming to the local community health center for cure. Data were gathered by visiting the under five years children's' family to do interviews, observations and measurements, which were then analyzed by using computer hardware and software SPSS 10.0 and Epi Info 6.0 (Epinut) programs. From the results of the bivariate and multivariate analyses, it was found out that variables not significantly statistically related to the incidence of under five years children diarrhoea were clean water, toilet, mother's age, education, working mother, knowledge, family income, [more than one] number of under five years children, and child's age. On the other hand, variables significantly statistically related to incidence of under five years children diarrhoea, after being controlled with the other variables, were practice, [more than four] number of people in the family, low nutritional status, and exclusive breast-feeding. The most dominant variable related to incidence of under five gears children diarrhoea was exclusive breast-feeding, which faced the risk of under five years children diarrhoea incidence as high as 2.09 times (95% CI : I,33-3,30). From that result, the researcher urges campaigns emphasizing materials regarding exclusive breast-feeding, diarrhoea prevention, and family nutritional status enhancement. The researcher also recommends a subsequent research on the relevance of the big number [more than four] of people in the family to under five years children diarrhoea incidence.

Abstrak :
Cs-137 is one of the most common radionuclides used for analysing man-made radioactive contamination in the environment beside Sr-90. Nangro Aceh Darussalam Province suffered the greatest mortality, with widespread destruction extending along more than 1000 km of coastline on 26 December 2004 due to tsunami. The disaster were affected areas about 220 km long and around 5 km wide along the coastlines of Aceh and North Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to investigate the artificial radioactivity 137Cs in soil samples which have been collected from various locations along the areas affected by tsunami in Aceh. The surface soil samples were collected from 20 sites in this region. The soil samples from the middle area of Aceh which was not exposed to the tsunami have also been investigated for comparison. The activity concentration of137Cs in the samples was measured using a ORTEC P-type coaxial high purity Germanium (HPGe) detector system. The artificial radioactivity level of 137Cs measured from these samples was found in the range of not detected to 2.09 Bq.kg-1 for the affected soil samples and 0.56 to 1.44 Bq.kg-1 for unaffected soil respectively. The radioactivity concentrations of 137Cs within the coastline areas are comparable to that of the middle area, which was not exposed to the tsunami. The results indicate that there are no new inputs of man-made radionuclides into the area at that time and the data obtained could serve as baseline levels of 137Cs in Aceh Region.

Abstrak :
UU Nomor 15 Tahun 1967 tentang Pokok-Pokok Perbankan merupakan dasar bagi berlakunya kegiatan perbankan di Indonesia menetapkan bahwa setiap kredit yan diberikan oleh Bank Umum Pemerintah harus selalu diikuti dengan pengikatan jaminan. Pengikatan jaminan yang diberikan debitur kepada bank dalam rangka fasilitas kredit yan diterimanya, dimaksudkan sebagai langkah pengamanan untuk menghadapi risiko yang mungkin timbul di kemudian hari yaitu sebagai kompensasi jika pinjaman kredit yang diberikan bank tidak dapat dikembalikan oleh debitur. Oleh karena itu pengikatan jaminan bukan merupakan sasaran utama usaha perkreditan namun sebagai pegangan bank atas fasilitas kredit yang diberikan kepada debitur. Harapan bank adalah setiap kredit yang diberikan kepada debitur harus dapat menghasilkan bunga dan dikembalikan debitur sesuai dengan perjanjian yang telah disepakati.