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"Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh penerapan IPSAS berbasis akrual (tingkat penerapan IPSAS berbasis akrual) dan kualitas Supreme Audit Institutions (SAI) terhadap transparansi keuangan pemerintah pusat. Penelitian ini juga menguji pengaruh tingkat penerapan IPSAS berbasis akrual dan kualitas SAI terhadap investasi langsung luar negeri (Foreign Direct Investment disingkat FDI) dan efisiensi belanja publik melalui transparansi keuangan. Riset ini memanfaatkan publikasi laporan keuangan, survei lembaga International Budget Partnership (IBP), Government Finance Statistics IMF, dan indikator komposit kinerja pemerintah (administrasi, pendidikan, kesehatan, infrastruktur, ekonomi, dan lingkungan) pada 71 pemerintah pusat selama periode 2008-2015 (460 observasi).Hasil estimasi model regresi menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penerapan IPSAS berbasis akrual dan kualitas SAI berpengaruh positif terhadap transparansi. Hasil estimasi model moderasi menemukan bahwa kualitas SAI memperkuat implementasi akrual terhadap peningkatan transparansi. Implementasi akrual telah mendukung transparansi keuangan namun potensi masalah keagenan (Irwin, 2012) pada pengelolaan keuangan negara (misal: pengelolaan surplus/defisit) diatasi dengan peran penegakan dan monitoring dari SAI.Hasil model regresi dengan metode 2SLS memperlihatkan bahwa tingkat penerapan IPSAS berbasis akrual dan kualitas SAI berpengaruh positif terhadap aliran FDI melalui transparansi keuangan. Sesuai konsep tata kelola publik bahwa investor lintas negara memperhatikan kualitas publikasi keuangan pemerintah. Sedangkan pengaruh tingkat penerapan IPSAS berbasis akrual tidak signifikan dan kualitas SAI signifikan berpengaruh positif secara tidak langsung terhadap efisiensi belanja, namun pengujian sensitivitas menunjukkan pengaruh langsung tingkat penerapan IPSAS berbasis akrual dan kualitas SAI terhadap efisiensi belanja yang menjelaskan bahwa pengelolaan keuangan pemerintah memperhatikan langsung kualitas pelayanan publik (value for money.

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This research aims to study accrual-based IPSAS implementation level and Supreme Audit Institutions (SAI) quality effect on central government fiscal transparency. This research also investigates its consequences on Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) and spending efficiency indirectly through fiscal transparency. This research analyzes central government publications such as financial statements, the budget survei of International Budget Partnership (IBP), Government Finance Statistics of IMF, and composite indicator of government performances (administrative, education, health, infrastructure, economic, and environment) of 71 governments for period 2008-2015 (460 observations).The regression model estimation result demonstrates accrual-based IPSAS and SAI quality have positive associations with fiscal transparency. The regression moderation model also exhibits SAI quality strengthen accrual implementation on enhancing fiscal transparency. The results support agency theory (Irwin, 2012) that accrual implementation has potential agency problem on public financial management (i.e., surplus/deficit illusion). The accrual implementation needs enforcement and monitoring roles from SAI.Conducting 2SLS regression model has demonstrated accrual-based IPSAS and SAI quality have positive impacts on FDI indirectly through fiscal transparency. According to public governance concept, cross-border investors consider on quality of government financial publications. However, the accrual-based IPSAS implementation has no positive association, and SAI quality has a positive association indirectly on public sector efficiency; however, the sensitivity analysis results positive associations directly of both on efficiency. This result supports that modern public sector accounting and audit practices strongly affect directly on public services quality (value for money)."

"Mengapa Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) sering ditetapkansetelah awal tahun anggaran yang baru? Apakah karena faktor politis? Penelitianini ingin mengetengahkan perspektif ekonomi politik divided government sebagaisalah satu faktor penyebab buruknya kinerja penetapan APBD. Hasil PemiluLegislatif 2004 dan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Langsung tahun 2005, 2006 dan2007 menunjukkan sangat sedikit membentuk pemerintahan yang mayoritas.Akibatnya, persaingan kepentingan antara eksekutif dan legislatif didugamengemuka sehingga pembahasan APBD tahun anggaran 2008 dan 2009terancam berlarut-larut.Dengan menggunakan model persamaan regresi logit diperoleh hasil bahwaformasi pemerintahan berupa single minority party, minority coalition, majoritycoalition, dan single majority party mempengaruhi keterlambatan penetapanAPBD sepanjang tahun 2008-2009. Semakin kuat dukungan partai eksekutif diparlemen semakin cepat penetapan APBD-nya. Namun demikian seberapa lamadelay penetapan APBD yang terjadi tidak dipengaruhi oleh 4 formasipemerintahan tersebut yang ditunjukkan melalui estimasi model data panel.Hasil ini juga menjelaskan bahwa sebelum batas waktu keterlambatan ? 1 Januaritahun fiskal baru ? ketegangan eksekutif-legislatif dipengaruhi oleh 4 formasipemerintahan daerah dan besarnya total belanja APBD. Setelah pemerintahandaerah tersebut gagal memenuhi ketepatan waktu penetapan APBD sebelum bataswaktu, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi lamanya penetapan APBD antara lainadalah besarnya total belanja APBD, dan kepemilikan sumber daya alam.Sedangkan besarnya nilai gaji dan tunjangan anggota DPRD ternyatamempercepat penetapan APBD. Secara umum, hal ini selaras dengan hasilpenelitian sebelumnya yang memperlihatkan bahwa perilaku indisipliner aktorpolitik anggaran seperti memaksimalkan anggaran, konflik kepentingan, dan rentseeking atas common pool resources berupa anggaran daerah diindikasikan cukuprelevan dengan berlarutnya pembahasan APBD.

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AbstractWhy is APBD (Regional Budget) often made after the beginning of the year for anew budget? Is it because of political factor? The research would like to highlightthe economic and political perspectives of divided government as one of thefactors of the bad performance of the Regional Budget (APBD). The results of theGeneral Election for the Legislatives 2004 and the Direct Local Elections of theyears 2005, 2006, and 2007 show very few form the majority of the government.Consequently, the interest competition between the executives and the legislativesis assumed to appear so that the discussion of APBD of the years 2008 and 2009is threatened to be delayed.By using logit regression equation model, a result obtained shows thatgovernment formations, such as single minority party, minority coalition, majoritycoalition, and single majority party, influence the Regional Budget delay of theyear 2008-2009. The stronger the support of the executive party in the parliament,the faster the making of the APBD is. However, the duration of the APBD delayoccuring is not influenced by the 4 government formations shown through thepanel data model estimation.The result also explains that before the time limit of the delay ? January 1 of thenew fiscal year - the executive-legislative tense is influenced by 4 regionalgovernment formations and the total amount of APBD expenditure. After theregion fails to fulfill the punctuation of the making of APBD before the time limit,the factors influencing the duration of the making of APBD are, among others, thetotal amount of APBD expenditure and the possession of natural resources. Onthe other hand, the amount of the salary and benefits of the members of DPRD(Regional House of Representatives) turn out to accelerate the making of APBD.Generally, this result is suitable with the previous reseach results showing thatindiscipline behaviour of the budget political actors, such as maximazing thebudget, conflict of interest, and rent seeking on common pool resources in a formof regional budget, is indicated to be sufficiently relevant with the APBDdiscussion delay."

"Mengapa Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) sering ditetapkan setelah awal tahunanggaran yang baru? Apakah karena faktor politis? Studi ini ingin mengetengahkan perspektif ekonomipolitik divided government sebagai salah satu faktor penyebab buruknya kinerja penetapan APBD. Denganmenggunakan model persamaan regresi logit diperoleh hasil bahwa formasi pemerintahan dari PemiluLegislatif 2004 dan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah langsung tahun 2005, 2006, serta 2007 berupa single minorityparty, minority coalition, majority coalition, dan single majority party memengaruhi keterlambatanpenetapan APBD sepanjang tahun 2008{2009."

"This study aims to analyze the impact of modernization of taxation system and amendment of income tax law on the components of the book-tax conformity accruals, whether there are any differences in the earnings persistence of book-tax conformity accruals (which have higher tax conformity) and book-only accruals (which have lower tax conformity). This study also demonstrates whether the market anomalies occur on those accruals component in the context of taxation in Indonesia. By using 1.729 observations over the years of 2002-2014, this study shows that strategy in book-tax conformity accruals is generally income increasing, while strategy in book-only accruals is income decreasing. The company?s policy on accrual components has different characteristics before and after the implementation of this phase. Governance improvement of taxation authority can increase corporate book-tax conformity accruals. However, when corporate is facing changes in tax laws such as simplification and lower tax rate, they decrease book-tax conformity accruals. Therefore, discretionary book-tax conformity accruals are mispriced by market."