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Abstrak :
Studi terdahulu menemukan bahwa individu cenderung melihat orang terdekatnya seperti melihat dirinya. Fenomena ini terjadi karena terdapat kecocokan/kesamaan antara struktur konsep diri individu dan struktur konsep yang dibangun individu tentang orang terdekat tersebut. Mekanisme terjadinya kecocokan kedua representasi mental tersebut karena individu cenderung memasukkan orang terdekat ke dalam konsep dirinya (inclusion others in the self/IOS) sehingga terjadi peleburan kedua representasi mental. Mengingat individu bisa memiliki lebih dari satu orang terdekat, dalam hal ini individu yang bisa memiliki beberapa sahabat sekaligus, lalu apakah kecocokan kedua representasi mental tersebut akan setara terjadi pada seluruh sahabat yang dimiliki individu? Jika tidak, apa faktor yang mempengaruhinya? Dua studi kuasi eksperimental dengan desain within subject dilakukan kepada partisipan mahasiswa untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian tersebut. Lebih khusus penelitian ini mencoba mengeksplorasi pengaruh faktor persepsi pentingnya suatu persahabatan yang dimaknai oleh individu terhadap tingkat kecocokan representasi mental diri dan sahabat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkat kecocokan antara kedua representasi mental di antara para sahabat, yang menunjukkan individu mempersepsi sahabat-sahabatnya secara berbeda. Sahabat yang dinilai paling penting oleh individu adalah sahabat yang paling dipersepsi mirip seperti individu mempersepsi diri. ......Previous studies have found that people tend to see close others as they see themselves. This phenomenon occurs due to presence of similarity between self-concept structures and close others-concept structures that perceived by individual. This mechanism can be explain by individuals that tend to include close others to their self-concept (inclusion others in the self), thus there is a fusion of the two mental representations. Considering people may have more than one close others, or in this case an individual can have several close friends at once, then will the compatibility of the two mental representations equally happen for all close friends that the individual has? If not, what factors do influence it? Two quasi-experimental studies with within-subject designs were conducted on student participants to answer the research questions. More specifically, this study attempt to explore the influence of friendship importance that perceived by participants on the compatibility of mental representations about self and close friends. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the level of compatibility between the two mental representations between best friends, which shows that individuals perceive their best friends differently. Best friend who is considered as the most important one appeared to be best friend who is perceived most similar to individual’s self-perception.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK

Studi tentang bullying selama ini lebih banyak membahas hubungan dyadic pelaku dan korban, padahal studi pada saksi mata bullying (bystander) juga penting dilakukan. Studi di ranah kontekstual terutama level sekolah juga dapat mengembangkan pemahaman mengenai bullying. Bullying adalah perilaku agresif atau menyakiti orang lain secara sengaja, berulang-ulang, yang melibatkan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan fisik, verbal dan sosial. Penelitian ini membahas hubungan antara school safety dan respons bystander siswa SMA pada kejadian bullying. School safety dihubungkan dengan 3 jenis respons bystander bullying, yaitu defender, outsider, dan reinforcer. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Penelitian dilakukan pada 130 siswa SMA dan SMK di Jakarta dan Depok. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif antara school safety dan respons defender bystander, r(128) = 0,233, p < 0,01. Lalu, terdapat hubungan negatif antara school safety dan respons outsider bystander, dengan r(128) = -0,302, p < 0,01. Sementara itu, terdapat korelasi yang tidak signifikan antara school safety dan respons reinforcer bystander. Dalam penelitian ini juga dapat diketahui hubungan school safety dan respons bystander bullying pada tiap peran bullying yang dialami partisipan.

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ABSTRACT

The study of bullying have mainly discussed the dyadic relationship of perpetrator and victim, whereas studies on bullying witnesses (bystanders) are also important. Studies in contextual domain especially school level can also develop the understanding of bullying. Bullying is aggressive behavior or intentional harm to another person, repeatedly, that involves an imbalance of physical, verbal and social strength. This study examines the relationship between school safety and bystander responses of high school students on bullying incidents. School safety associated with 3 types of bullying bystander response, the defender, outsider, and reinforcer. This research is a quantitative study with a correlational design. The study was conducted on 130 high school students in Jakarta and Depok. The study results showed a positive relationship between school safety and defender bystander response, r (128) = 0.233, p <0.01. Then, there is a negative relationship between school safety and outsider bystander response, with r(128) = -0.302, p <0.01. Meanwhile, there is no significant relationship between school safety and reinforcer bystander response. In this research can also be known the relationship between school safety and bullying bystander response in each role bullying experienced by participants.