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Abstrak :
As a treatment method for the law offenders, the correctional systems are functional to re-construct the inmates before they re-integrated in to society in acceptable manners. In achieving the correctional system's goal for inmates has involved all aspects and existence in handling the inmates which includes their rights, as the offender of the law, as individually, and social being. The universal designs of such correctional system are not easily to be achieved, as it is interconnected to the complexity of the inmate's life inside the Cipinang Correctional. The separation of the inmates housing accommodation has also accelerated the occurrence 1 formation of inmate's ethnical group, with identifies by their state of origin. They are Javanese group (arek), Korea Group (Medan), Ambonesse group, Aceh group and others smaller ethnical group. The purpose of this research is to get the view; how the Cipinang Correctional applies their policy and management in order to prevent and settle the conflict between the inmates ethnical group. The approach that used in the research is a qualitative approach which includes the interview techniques to the respondent, such as inmate, ex-inmate and the correctional officers. Although the dilemma has continues to evade the innovative effort, this research has able to examine the conflicts, the implementation of the policy and the management in preventing and setting the conflict among the inmates ethnical group and the causing factor of the conflict, such as : A. Conflict factors in Correctional 1. The conflict among the Javanese group (arek) and Medan group 2. The conflict among the Javanese group (arek) and Ambonesse group 3. The conflict between cell (housing) units 4. The conflict between inmates and the security officers B. the Causing factors of the conflict C. The formation of the inmate's ethinical group D. Structure, task and rights in the group

Abstrak :
Perkiraan nilai dosis yang diterima pasien ( CTDI ) yang langsung ditampilkan pada monitor CT setiap selesai pemeriksaan akan diketahui ketepatan nilainya dengan pengukuran langsung menggunakan pencil ion chamber dan pengukuran tidak langsung menggunakan TLD (Thermolumescence Dosimeter ) yang ditempatkan pada objek phantom dan dibandingkan dengan nilai dosis referensi yang telah ditetapkan, sehingga diharapkan mendapatkan informasi nilai dosis yang sebenarnya. Analisis variasi parameter kV, mAs, dan pitch untuk menentukan berapa rentang nilai parameter optimum untuk mendapatkan nilai dosis pasien (CTDI/mAs) yang minimum namun tidak mengesampingkan kualitas pencitraan hasil CT. Scan yang baik guna menunjang diagnosa, pengukuran langsung maupun tidak langsung dengan menggunakan fantom kepala dan perut. Pengukuran tidak langsung dengan menggunakan TLD (Thermolumescence Dosimeter ) pada menunjukan hasil yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan pengukuran langsung dengan menggunakan pencil ion chamber, dapat ditunjukkan dengan hubungan sifat kelinearan antara pitch dan dosis (CTDI/mAs). ......An estimation dose (CTDI) received by the patient which is directly displayed on the CT monitor on every examination will be able to known it?s precisien by direct measurement using pencil ion chamber and the indirect measurement using TLD placed on the object (phantom) and compared with the value of dose reference, so the real dose rate will be known. The variant analysis of kV, mAs and pitch parameters to justify the range of optimal parameter value, it is used to get the minimum patient dose rate (CTDI/mAs) while the image quality for supporting the diagnose still on the right value, directly or not directly using head and abdomen phantom. Indirect measurement using TLD show unsignificant result if compared with the ion chamber. This value is shown by a relative variant parameter using stright pitch and dose ( CTDI/mAs).