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Abstrak :
Hipoksia adalah defisiensi oksigen setingkat jaringan.Otak merupakan organ yang mutlak memerlukan oksigen. Hipoksia akan mengganggu integritas otak, dan bermanifestasi menjadi berbagai penyakit. Untuk itu, tubuh memiliki sistem penginderaan oksigen.Pada saat perfusi oksigen jaringan kurang, muncul mekanisme adaptasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas enzim alanin aminotransferase (ALT) pada jaringan otak saat keadaan hipoksia sistemik.Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental yang dilakukan kepada 25 tikus Sprague Dawley yang dibagi rata ke dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok pertama merupakan kelompok kontrol, dipelihara dalam keadaan normoksia. Sisanya dipelihara dalam keadaan hipoksia (10% O2 dan 90% N2) masing-masing selama 1, 3, 7, dan 14 hari.Otak tikus diambil, dan dijadikan homogenat. Dilakukan pengukuran kadar protein jaringan otak untuk setiap sampel. Kemudian, dilakukan pengukuran aktivitas ALT menggunakan spektrofotometer. Hasilnya dibagi dengan kadar protein untuk mengetahui aktivitas spesifik. Data kadarprotein dianalisis menggunakan ujione-way ANOVA. Diperoleh nilai p>0,05, artinya kadar protein di jaringan otak normoksia dan hipoksia tidak berbeda bermakna. Hasilnya,nilai p>0,05 yang berarti aktivitas enzim ALT di jaringan otak tikus pada keadaan normoksia tidak berbeda bermakna dengan keadaan hipoksia sistemik semua kelompok. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dari kadar protein dan aktivitas ALT pada keadaan hipoksia.

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Hypoxia is a deficiency of O2 at tissue level. Brain is an organ that absolutely requires O2. Hypoxia will disrupt brain's integrity, and manifests as various diseases. Therefore, the body has oxygen sensing system. When oxygen perfusion level decreases, there will be some adaptive mechanisms to cope with the situation. This study intends to ascertain the activity of ALT in brain tissue induced by systemic hypoxia. This is an experimental based study. Twenty five rats were divided into 5 groups. First group was placed in the normoxic condition. Four other groups were placed in hypoxic chamber (O2 10% and N2 90%), each group were placed for 1, 3, 7, 14 days. Their brains were extracted. Tissues? protein level was measured for sample. Subsequently, the measurement of ALT activity was done by using reagent in assay kit. The results were divided by tissues protein level. Data of tissues protein level were analyzed using one-way ANOVA parametric test. This test obtained p value > 0.05, meaning there were no significant difference between the control and hypoxic groups. Data of specific ALT activity were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test.The test obtained p value > 0.05, meaning there were no significant difference between the control and the hypoxic groups. Hence, it can be concluded that there were no significant difference of protein level and ALT activity in hypoxic brain.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa perbedaan profitabilitas dan kualitas aset antara bank umum syariah dengan bank umum konvensional di Indonesia pada periode 2010-2012. Selain itu juga disertakan beberapa variabel kontrol untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel kontrol tersebut terhadap profitabilitas maupun kualitas aset bank di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bank umum syariah memiliki profitabilitas dan kualitas aset lebih rendah dibandingkan bank umum konvensional. Variabel kontrol equity to total asset, BOPO, loan loss provision, deposit growth, serta size berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank. Variabel kontrol lagged return on equity, size, dan loan to total asset berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas aset bank, sedangkan variabel equity to total asset dan lagged BOPO tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas aset bank. ...... The aim of this research is to analyze the difference of profitability and asset quality between Islamic bank and conventional bank in Indonesia for the period of 2010-2012. Moreover this study also included some control variables to find out its effect to bank profitability and asset quality in Indonesia. This research uses panel data regression. The results of this research indicate that Islamic bank has less profitability and asset quality than conventional bank. Control variables equity to total asset, BOPO, loan loss provision, deposit growth, and size have a significant effect on bank profitability. Control variables lagged return on equity, size, and lagged loan to total asset have significant effect bank asset quality, while variable equity to total asset and lagged BOPO have no significant effect on bank asset quality.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai penyebab dari Telkomsel yang menguasai pasar lebih dari 50 dan bagaimana jika keadaan tersebut ditinjau dari UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktik Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat UU Persaingan Usaha . Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain yuridis normatif, dimana hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa Telkomsel tidak terbukti melanggar Pasal 17 dan 25 UU Persaingan Usaha. Penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa dalam menetapkan jumlah dan lokasi pembangunan BTS dalam konteks operator telepon seluler, Pemerintah seharusnya menggunakan kewenangannya secara maksimal dalam melakukan evaluasi agar memastikan bahwa pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh masing-masing operator tersebut telah mencakup dan merata di seluruh wilayah Indonesia atau setidak-tidaknya meng-cover tiga wilayah, yaitu high, medium, dan low area profitability; Regulator hendaknya mempertegas penerapan sanksi terhadap operator yang tidak mematuhi Rencana Dasar Teknis yang telah diajukan sebelumnya. ...... The focus of this study is about the cause of Telkomsel dominate the market more than 50 and what if the condition is reviewed by Law No. 5 Year 1999 Competition Act . This research is qualitative with juridical normative. This research explain that Telkomsel is not proven infringed the Article 17 and 25 of Competition Act. This research suggests that in determining the amount and location of the construction of base stations in terms of cellular operators, the government should use their authority to the fullest in evaluation of it, in order to ensure that the development which undertaken by each of these operators have covered and evenly distributed throughout Indonesia, or at least it has covered the high, medium, and low profitability areas regulators should strengthen the sanctions against operators who do not comply with the basic technical plan that has been proposed previously to the government.