"Karya Ilmiah Akhir ini merupakan laporan selama melakukan praktik residensi ners spesialis Keperawatan Medikal Bedah. Kegiatan utama yang dilakukan selama praktik yaitu asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan berbagai gangguan sistem kardiovaskular, praktik keperawatan berdasarkan bukti serta pelaksanaan proyek inovasi keperawatan. Asuhan keperawatan yang dilakukan dengan menerapkan Comfort Theory Katharine Kolcaba. Pengkajian difokuskan pada 4 konteks kenyamanan yaitu fisik, psikospiritual lingkungan dan sosiokultural. Diagnosa keperawatan yang umum terjadi adalah penurunan curah jantung, intoleransi aktifitas, ansietas, nyeri akut, resiko jatuh, ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas, gangguan rasa nyaman, kelebihan volume cairan, kesiapan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan gangguan pertukaran gas. Intervensi keperawatan yang diberikan berupa standard comfort intervention, coaching dan comfort food for the soul. Pelaksanaan praktik keperawatan berdasarkan bukti (EBNP) dilakukan dengan menerapkan pengaturan posisi istirahat lateral kanan pada pasien gagal jantung.
Hasil penerapan EBNP ini terbukti memberikan efek yang signifikan pada TDS (p value 0.004), TDD (p value 0.002), MAP (p value 0.002), SaO2 (p value 0.032) dan kenyamanan (p value 0.001) pasien gagal jantung. Pelaksanaan inovasi keperawatan berupa pengembangan media edukasi pada pasien yang akan melakukan pemasangan peralatan medis. Hasil penerapan inovasi ini terbukti dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan pasien mengenai pemasangan alat medis (p value 0.0001). Penerapan comfort theory Kolcaba terbukti dapat diterapkan pada pasien gangguan kardiovaskular, serta pengaturan posisi lateral kanan dapat menjaga kestabilan hemodinamik dan meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien gagal jantung. Pemberian edukasi dengan media leaflet pada pasien yang akan melakukan pemasangan alat medis terbukti dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan.
The final scientific paper was a report during residence practice of Medical Surgical Nursing. The main activities performed during practice such as provided nursing care for patients with various disorders of the cardiovascular system, evidence-based nursing practice and implemented nursing innovation. Nursing care were performed by applied Comfort Theory Katharine Kolcaba. Assessment focused on four contexts of comfort: physical, psychospiritual, environmental and socio-cultural. Nursing diagnosis that often occurred were decrease cardiac output, activity intolerance, anxiety, acute pain, risk for falls, ineffective airway clearance, impaired comfort, excess fluid volume, readiness for enhance knowledge and impaired gas exchange. Nursing interventions provided consist of standard comfort intervention, coaching and comfort food for the soul. Implementation of evidence-based nursing practice is implemented by setting right lateral resting position on patients with heart failure.The results of this study showed there are significant effects on systolic blood pressure (p value 0.004), diastolic blood pressure (p value 0.002), MAP (p value 0.002), SaO2 (p value 0.032) and level of comfort (p value 0.001). Nursing innovation was done by developed of education media for patients who will perform the fixing of medical device. The results of the application of this innovation has been proved increase patient knowledge about the fixing of medical devices (p value 0.0001). The application of comfort theory Kolcaba shown can be applied in patients with cardiovascular disorders. Right lateral resting position effected on stabilized hemodynamic and increased level of comfort heart failure patients. The provision of education with leaflets for patients who will perform the fixing of medical devices shown increase patient knowledge."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2015
