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Abstrak :
Kandungan kolesterol yang berlebihan dalam tubuh akan mengganggu kesehatan dengan munculnya berbagai penyakit komplikasi serius seperti penyakit jantung atau stroke. Obat golongan statin, seperti simvastatin, dapat menurunkan konsentrasi kolesterol dalam tubuh. Simvastatin berfungsi untuk menghambat aktivitas enzim HMG-CoA reduktase. Waktu paruh simvastatin sekitar 2-3 jam, sementara bioavailabilitas oral simvastatin hanya 5% sehingga konsumsi obat simvastatin harus dilakukan secara berulang. Hal ini menyebabkan fluktuasi konsentrasi obat dalam tubuh karena terdapat dua kondisi ketika obat tidak sepenuhnya diserap oleh tubuh atau ketika obat sepenuhnya diserap oleh tubuh sehingga konsentrasinya terlalu tinggi. Hal ini menimbulkan efek samping seperti kerusakan hati, miopati, dan anemia. Untuk mengatasi hal itu, dibutuhkan sistem penghantaran obat terkendali (CDDS). Pada penelitian ini, teknik mikroenkapsulasi simvastatin digunakan untuk mengendalikan laju disolusi obat. Mikroenkapsulasi simvastatin dilakukan menggunakan penyalut berbahan polipaduan poli(D,L-asam laktat) (PDLLA) dan polikaprolakton (PCL) dengan komposisi 1:9 dan poli(etilena glikol) (PEG) sebagai agen pembuka pori dan membentuk morfologi spheris dengan rata-rata ukuran mikrokapsul mencapai 0,538 μm. Untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum penjerapan obat, dilakukan variasi berat molekul 400, 4000, dan 35000 g/mol PEG serta variasi massa PEG mulai dari 0%, 5%, 10% dan 15% (%wt). Surfaktan yang digunakan adalah Tween 80 dan Span 80 melalui metode evaporasi pelarut (o/w). Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada penggunaan PEG 400 g/mol 15 %wt dengan persen efisiensi enkapsulasi simvastatin sebesar 92,06 % dan persen pelepasan obat sebesar 29,94%. Setiap gram mikrokapsul yang terbentuk mengandung 76,78 mg simvastatin dengan potensi pelepasan obat sebanyak 23 mg. ......The high amount of cholesterol can affect our health with the emergence of various complications such as heart disease or stroke. A statin class drug, such as simvastatin is needed to overcome this problem by decreasing cholesterol levels with an excessive amount. Simvastatin itself has a function to inhibit the activity of the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. The half-life of simvastatin is around 2-3 hours, while the oral bioavailability of simvastatin is only 5%, so the consumption of simvastatin should be repeated. This causes fluctuations of drug concentration in the body because there are two conditions when the drug is not fully absorbed by the body or when the drug is fully absorbed by the body so that the concentration is too high. This causes side effects such as liver damage, myopathy, and anemia. A controlled drug delivery system (CDDS) is needed to overcome this. The simvastatin microencapsulation technique was applied to control the dissolution rate of the drug. Simvastatin microencapsulation was carried out using a coating made from a combination of poly (D, L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) with a composition of 1:9 and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a pore opening agent and forming a spherical morphology with the average size of the microcapsules reached 0.538 μm. To obtain the optimum conditions for drug absorption, various molecular weights of 400, 4000, and 35000 g/mol of PEG were carried out as well as variations in PEG mass ranging from 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% (%wt). The surfactants used were Tween 80 and Span 80 by the solvent evaporation (o/w) method. The optimum conditions were obtained when using PEG 400 g/mol 15% wt with a percent efficiency of simvastatin encapsulation of 92.06 % and a percentage of drug release of 29.94%. Each gram of microcapsules formed contains 76.78 mg of simvastatin with a drug release potential of 23 mg.