Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
The article discusses that various supports have been made available to agricultural sector, especially for rice under the framework of AoA WTO. The article also explore the domestic support methodology for calculating Total AMS (aggregate measure support) and de minimis for rice. Expenditure for general services has increased significantly after 1999. Most of the support under Green Box was designed for domestic food aid. Market price support for rice has continued to increase since 1999, however, de minimis level stood on average 6% p.a. in the period of 1998-2002. The implication is if the market price support for rice depends heavily on the domestic cost of paddy production and ignores the border price, this support can be beyond the de minimis level. De minimis above 10% for LDC is believed distorting the production and trade, and should go under Amber Box.

Abstrak :
The poor either transient or chronic incread significantly during the crisis. The poor has limited access to food. If this problem is not solved, it will influence human development. Recently the government has changed the policy from general rice subsidy to targeted rice subsidy. This program has been considered as in-kind income transfer to the poor. The OPK rice program has been implemented since in the middle of 1998. The program has reached 10.5 million households all over the country, with 40 thousand distribution points surrounding the poor. This article is to evaluate cost of the program, and then compared to general rice subsidy program. It also evaluates the program impact on energy and protein consumption of the poor as well its macro economic impact, espevally the increasing aggregate demand of the poor. The cost of the program is lower as compared to general rice subsidy, and has positive impact on rural development. The program has also reduced the risk of food insecurity, poor nutrition status, especially in rural area in which the program are dominated. It is suggested that the program should be improved by narrowing targeted household.

Abstrak :
Rice should be treated as quasi-public good, hence the government should subsidize rice farmers directly such as setting floor price. Floor price of is still an important instrument for protecting paddy farmers from low price in peak harvesting season. Levels of subsidy depend on level of floor price set and market clearing price of GKP (dry paddy) during the seasons. The seasons are divided into three semesters according to harvesting period not three semesters used by CBS (Central Bureau of Statistics). The forecasting market clearing price and level of floor price set, is used to calculate government subsidy. When the floor price set is too high, it will be difficult to be implemented for a year round and costly. It is suggested that Dolog/sub-Dolog and KUD (cooperatives) have to be involved directly to buy paddy (GKP) from the farmers. In the short run, they have to improve local personals to handle paddy rather than rice. Local cooperatives and sub-Dologs should have dryers to improve rice quality and reduce lost. This policy has to be hand in hand for an effective implementation of import tariff of rice.