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"ABSTRAKUntuk menyederhanakan solusi dari suatu masalah komputasi selalu digunakan apa yang disebut dengan teknik analisa transformasi. Salah satu contoh dari teknik analisa ini adalah transformasi Fourier. Transformasi Fourier dari sebuah gelombang diperlukan untuk memisah gelombang tersebut menjadi sejumlah gelombang sinusoidal dengan frekwensi yang berbeda. Dengan dikembangkannya suatu transformasi Fourier cepat ( Fast Fourier Transform- FFT ) yaitu sebuah algoritma yang efisien untuk menghitung DFT ( Discrete Fourier Transform), maka telah terjadi perubahan yang besar dalam menganalisa berbagai cabang Ilmu Pengetahuan (science). Prosesor FFT yang terkecil mempunyai dua titik transformasi ( N = 2 ). Pada tulisan ini dibahas tentang aspek-aspek komputasi dan aspek-aspek perancangan pada sistem VLSI yang berkaitan dengan perancangan prosesor FFT-DIT untuk titik transformasi sebanyak delapan buah ( N = 8 ). Perancangan simulasi Prosesor FFT ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknologi CMOS. Perancangan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak CIRCAD II pada workstation HP9000 dan SUN SPARCstation 1+. Perancangan ini menggunakan modul FFT-DIT dengan N= 2 yang dirancang oleh sdr. Ir.Totok Mujiono di laboratorium CAD UI pada tahun 1990 yang lalu. Perancangan FT-DIT untuk N = 8 ini dilakukan dengan menggabungkan modul FFT--DIT dengan N = 2 sebanyak 12 buah. Penggabungan dilakukan sesuai dengan grafik aliran sinyal dari FFT-DIT untuk N = 8 . Pada perancangan ini faktor wp ( twiddle factor ) dianggap sudah tersedia, jadi merupakan masukan dari chip prosesor FFT-DIT dengan N = 8 ini. "

"This paper reviews various social issues in the trajectory of the author?s life to connect the concept of the view of life and theoretic issues on culture. Through methodological reflections, the author presents various issues which are being constantly discussed in the public mass media about religion, cultural icons as well as daily practices which become entry points to see cultural diversity as well as changes that can be found in the trajectory of life. The author argues that the individual is active in formulating the culture even though it cannot be denied that it can only be articulated through culture as a network of meanings as agreed by the aggregate of individuals or groups."

"Studies on local knowledge are recently important in development program. Such studies remind us to learn from the community before we teach them. This article discusses how local knowledge understood and used to encourage people participation in forest conversation in South Tapanuli, North Sumatera. The author argues that local knowledge in forest management can be revitalized to build participation if only all stakeholders able to make social commitment as part of social capital."

"Development in Indonesia has been characterized by a top-down and centralistic model, placing importance upon economic capital and measured by economic growth. The author argues for the importance of developing social capital investment, whereby social capital is seen as the capacity that emerges from mutual trust in society and transmitted through cultural mechanism. He provides two contrasting cases of social capital investment in development: community-based management resource management in South Tapanuli and a Social Safety Net program in North Sumatera. Although both were designed to allow for equal participation in every stage of the program, the latter met with failure because of very high bureaucratic intervention and the absence of trust among participants. On the other hand, the former program proved successful for the opposite reasons, and for the added ability of the community in crafting institutions."

"ABSTRAKDisertasi ini membahas gejala environmentaliti friksional dalam upaya-upaya pengendalian kebakaran lahan gambut yang berulangkali terjadi sejak 1990an di areal gambut eks Proyek PLG, Kabupaten Kapuas, Kalimantan Tengah. Upaya-upaya pengendalian kebakaran yang sudah banyak dilakukan pemerintah dan pihak-pihak lain melalui beragam program belum berhasil menyelesaikan masalah kebakaran berulang. Studi ini berusaha mencari penjelasan mengapa program-progam yang ada belum mampu melahirkan subjek-subjek peduli lingkungan atau mengubah kultur membakar menjadi anti-membakar dalam konteks pengelolaan lahan gambut.Suatu kajian etnografi multi-aktor menggunakan perspektif/governmentaliti environmentaliti dilakukan di desa-desa partisipan proyek KFCP (Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership) di kawasan Mantangai, Kabupaten Kapuas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dalam kurun waktu 2010-2015, menggunakan metode pengamatan berpartisipasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dukungan penelaahan bahan-bahan sekunder.Temuan kajian menunjukkan bahwa upaya kepenatakelolaan lingkungan melalui intervensi regulasi dan program rehabilitasi tidak berhasil membentuk subjek-subjek peduli perlindungan lingkungan, sebaliknya lebih cenderung melahirkan aktor-aktor yang berpandangan miopik dan bertindak pragmatik. Gejala budaya environmentaliti friksional itu menjadi hambatan bagi efektivitas upaya-upaya pengendalian kebakaran berulang di lahan gambut.

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ABSTRACT

This dissertation discusses on the phenomenon of lsquo frictional environmentality rsquo in the efforts of controlling peatland fires that have repeatedly occurred since the 1990s in the peatland area of ex PLG Project in Kapuas District, Central Kalimantan. Fire control efforts that have been conducted numerously by the government and other parties through a variety of programs have not been able to solve the problem of recurrent fire events. This study aims to examine why the existing programs are still unable to create environmental subjects who care about environmental protection.

A multi actor ethnographic study by using the perspective of governmentality environmentality was conducted in the KFCP Kalimantan Forest and Climate Partnership participative villages in the region of Mantangai, Kapuas District. Data collection was done in the period of 2011 2015 using participant observation, in depth interviews and the support of secondary materials studies.

The findings of this study show that environmental management efforts through the intervention of regulations and rehabilitation programs are unsuccessful in forming environmental subjects, instead, it is more leanings to create myopic viewed and pragmatically actioned actors. The cultural phenomenon of lsquo frictional environmentality rsquo thus become a hindrance to the effectiveness of fire control efforts in peatland areas. Keywords frictional environmentality, multi actor ethnography, regulations, rehabilitation programs, ex PLG Project, Central Kalimantan."