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"Latar belakang : Terpajan pelarut organik merupakan kejadian sehari-hari yang dialami oleh banyak pekerja. Pelarut organik banyak digunakan dalam proses pembuatan alas kaki disektor formal maupun informal. Menurut beberapa penelitian beberapa jenis pelarut organik mempunyai sifat neurotoksik sehingga perlu deteksi gejala-gejala tersebut yang mungkin timbul pada para pekerja. Kuesioner Swedish Q16 adalah kuesioner deteksi dini yang paling sering digunakan untuk penupisan pekerja yang terpajan pelarut organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi gejala neurotoksik akibat pajanan pelarut organik menggunakan Kuesioner Swedish Q16, serta mengetahui beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi seperti : umur, pendidikan, masa kerja, status gizi, pemakaian APD, kebiasaan minum alkohol, merokok, cuci tangan, makan minum di tempat kerja dan hasil pemantauan kadar pelarut organik di lingkungan,kerja.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan subyek penelitian 138 orang pekerja alas kaki di sektor informal Ciomas Bogor. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan pengamatan langsung, sedangkan lingkungan kerja dilakukan dengan pengukuranpersonal sampling dan hasilnya diperiksa menggunakan teknik Gas Chromatography. Gejala neurotoksik dideteksi menggunakan kuesioner Swedish Q16. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan September-Oktaber 2006. Hasilnya diolah menggunakan program statistik SPSS 11,5.Hasil : Hasil identifikasi lem didapatkan lem kuning mengandung : toluen (45,3%), benzen (5,18%) dan metil etil keton (18,68%), lem putih mengandung : toluen (41,31%), benzen (3,52%) dan aseton (19,24%). Kadar toluen di lingkungan kerja rata-rata 1,12 ppm, tertinggi 2,48 ppm dan terendah 0,33 ppm. Keluhan terbanyak kesemutan (62,3%), sakit kepala (62,3%), mudah Ietih (56,5%). Prevalensi gejala neurotoksik pads subyek penelitian sebesar 55,8%. Pada analisis bivariat faktor umur, masa kerja dan IMT memiliki hubungan bermakna terhadap terjadinya gejala neurotoksik. Setelah dilakukan analisis multivariat didapatkan umur < 28 tahun memiliki risiko 6 kali lipat untuk mengalami gejala neurotoksik. (p = 0,000; OR = 6,235). Penieriksaan finger tapping test dilakukan secara sub sampling pada 53 subyek dan dipemleh basil tidak normal pada tangan kanan 47,2% dan tangan kiri 43,3%.Kesimpulan : Prevalensi gejala neurotoksik pada pekerja industri alas kaki sektor informal , Ciomas , Bogor yang terpajan pelarut organik sebesar 55,8%. Faktor umur berhubungan dengan terjadinya gejala neurotoksik (OR = 6,235 ; p = 0,000).

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Background : Exposured by organic solvent is form of occurrence day by day for many workers. Organic solvent is used in many process on footwear manufacture both formal and informal sector. According to several studies , many organic solvent has neurotoxic char tcterisl it:, so need to early detection for symptoms that influences to workers. The Swedish Q16 is a questionnaire that often use for workers screening from exposured by organic solvent. The goal of this study is to identification of glue, prevalence neurotoxic symptoms cause by organic solvent exposure, with Swedish Q16 Questionnaire, and to know factors of influences as : age, education, working periode, body mass index, using of PPE, drink of alcohol, washing hand, smoking, eat and drink at workplace and organic solvent level in workplace.

Method : The design of this study was cross sectionai,and the total number of sample were 138 footwear workers. Data collecting was conducted to interview, direct monitoring and measuring personal sampling at workplace which checking by Gas Chromatography technique. Neurotoxic symptoms detected by Swedish Q16 Quetionnaire. Data collecting was done on September-October 2006. All data research result processing by Statistic Program SPSS version 11.5.

Result : Identification of glue has result that content of yellow glue are toluene (45,3%), benzene (5,18%) dan metyl etyl ketone (18,68%), white glue content are : toluene (41,31%), benzene (3,52%) dan acetone (19,24%). Degree of toluene at workplace was average 1,12 ppm, and range 2,48 ppm to 0,33 ppm. Highest complaint from subject are : tingling ((62,3%), headache (62,3%), fatigue (56,5%). Study's subject neurotoxic symptoms prevalence was 55,8%. On bivariate analysis, age factor, work periode, body mass index, have related to neurotoxic symptoms outcome. On multivariate analysis be found that age < 28 years have risk six time to experience with neurotoxie symptoms, (p0,000; OR = 6,235). Examination on finger tapping test to be done as sub sampling on 53 subject and the result is unnormally on right hand 47,2% and left hand 43,3%.

Conclutions : Prevalence of neurotoxicity symptoms in informal sector footwear workers at Ciomas Bogor was 55,8%. Age factor was related to the neurotoxic symptoms (OR = 6,235 ; p = 0,000)."

"Kelelahan dalam operasi tambang merupakan isu yang serius dan merupakan kontributor signifikan untuk terjadinya kecelakaan. Secara hukum perusahaan yang mengoperasikan tambang batubara harus mengembangkan dan mengimplementasikan strategi untuk mengendalikan setiap risiko keselamatan dan kesehatan yang berhubungan dengan kelelahan pada pekerja. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengembangkan instrumen penilaian kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan di perusahaan tambang batubara di Indonesia. Pendekatan studi merupakan gabungan antara pendekatan kualitatif untuk menemukan indikator kinerja dan kuantitatif untuk menguji validitas, reliabilitas dan kualitas instrumen penilaian kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan di perusahaan tambang batubara. Sampel sebanyak 90 perusahaan tambang batubara yang ada di Indonesia. Penelitian menghasilkan instrumen penilaian kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan di perusahaan tambang batubara yamg terdiri dari 31 indikator, dengan validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen sudah memenuhi persyaratan. Hasil analisis kurva ROC diperoleh cut off point 73 dan AUC 71,3% yang artinya skor kinerja MRK memiliki kekuatan prediksi sedang untuk terjadinya kecelakaan karena kelelahan. Ditemukan kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan di perusahaan tambang batubara dengan kategori kurang baik 45,6% dan baik 54,4% Kategori kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan berkategori kurang baik paling banyak terdapat pada perusahaan yang jumlah karyawannya<1000 orang 60,9%. Dari tipe izin perusahaan kategori kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan berkategori baik paling banyak pada perusahaan dengan tipe izin IUJP 80 % dan kategori kurang baik paling banyak pada perusahaan dengan tipe izin IUP Operasi Produksi 73,7%. Ditemukan adanya hubungan kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan dengan jumlah karyawan dan tipe izin perusahaan. Diharapkan Kementrian ESDM RI dan perusahaan tambang batubara di Indonesia dapat menggunakan instrumen penilaian kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan untuk menilai, monitoring dan evaluasi kinerja manajemen risiko kelelahan di perusahaan tambang batubara.

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Fatigue in mining operations is a serious issue and a significant contributor to accidents. According to the law, companies operating coal mines must develop and implement strategies to control any safety and health risks associated with worker fatigue. This research was conducted to develop an instrument for assessing the performance of fatigue risk management in coal mining companies in Indonesia. The study approach combines a qualitative approach to find performance indicators and a quantitative one to test the validity, reliability, and quality of fatigue risk management performance assessment instruments in coal mining companies. The sample is 90 coal mining companies in Indonesia. The study produced a tool for assessing the performance of fatigue risk management in coal mining companies consisting of 31 indicators, with the validity and reliability of the instrument meeting the requirements. The results of the ROC curve analysis obtained a cut off point of 73 and an AUC of 71.3%, which means that the Fatigue Risk Management performance score has moderate predictive power for accidents due to fatigue. It was found that the fatigue risk management performance in coal mining companies was in the poor category (45,6% and 54,4% good). From the type of company permits, the fatigue risk management performance category was in the good category, the most in companies with IUJP permit types 80% and the poor category the most in companies with Production Operation IUP permit types 73,7%. It was found that there was a relationship between fatigue risk management performance with the number of employees and the type of company permit. In order to measure, monitor, and evaluate the performance of fatigue risk management in coal mining companies, it is hoped that the Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and Indonesian coal mining companies will implement the fatigue risk management performance evaluation tool."