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"Padi yang dapat dibudidayakan di lahan kering diperlukan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan. Analisis morfologis dan molekuler merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengetahui toleransi tanaman terhadap kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan varietas padi yang tahan kekeringan melalui analisis morfologis serta molekuler. Sampel yang digunakan terdiri dari INPARI 32, INPARI 42, Pare Bakato Kaka, dan Pare Lambem yang ditumbuhkan pada dua perlakuan yaitu kontrol dan kekeringan (germinasi pada PEG 6000 20% dan modifikasi penyiraman). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase perkecambahan, bobot radikula, dan rata-rata jumlah daun (35 HST) pada tiap varietas tergolong toleran, sementara itu untuk skor kelengkungan daun diketahui bahwa Pare Lambem menunjukkan kondisi daun yang tergolong agak peka (skor 5), sedangkan tiga varietas lain tergolong kategori toleran (skor 1). Data tinggi tanaman serta panjang daun pada 7 HST dan 35 HST menunjukkan pola hasil yang sama, yakni Pare Lambem berbeda signifikan pada perlakuan kontrol dan kekeringan berdasarkan uji t (kategori peka), sementara varietas lain termasuk kategori toleran. Berdasarkan tujuh parameter uji, diperoleh kategori toleransi total. Pare Lambem tergolong kategori agak toleran (42,8%), sedangkan varietas lain tergolong kategori toleran (85,7%). Hasil analisis molekuler menunjukkan bahwa fragmen OsDREB2A terdapat pada varietas uji serta memiliki homologi 100% dengan sekuens DREB2A dari kultivar Pokkali. Mutasi sekuens tidak ditemukan pada urutan nukleotida maupun asam amino dari sampel varietas uji terhadap spesies pembanding. Struktur protein pada sampel uji menunjukkan kemiripan dengan model protein dari kultivar Pokkali. Varietas Jawa (peka) menunjukkan perbedaan sekuens nukleotida, asam amino, dan struktur protein terhadap kultivar Pokkali dan sampel uji.

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Rice that can be grown in dry land is needed to increase food security. Morphological and molecular analysis are mechanisms to determine the drought tolerance level of plants. This study aims to determine drought-resistant rice varieties through morphological and molecular analysis. The samples used consisted of INPARI 32, INPARI 42, Pare Bakato Kaka, and Pare Lambem grown in two treatments (control and drought treatment (PEG 6000 20% and water modification)). The results showed that the percentage of germination, radicle weight, and the average number of leaves (35 DAP) in each variety belonged to the tolerant category, while for the leaf curvature scores, it was known that Pare Lambem showed a leaf condition that was classified as sensitive category (score 5), while the other three varieties belonged to the tolerant category (score 1). Data on plant height and leaf length at 7 DAP and 35 DAP showed the same yield pattern, namely Pare Lambem was significantly different in the control and drought treatment samples based on the t-test (sensitive category), while other varieties were in the tolerant category. Based on the seven test parameters, the total tolerance category was obtained. Pare Lambem was classified into the slightly tolerant category (42.8%), while other varieties were classified as tolerant (85.7%). The molecular analysis results showed the presence of OsDREB2A in all tested varieties also had 100% homology with DREB2A sequences from the Pokkali. Sequence mutations were not found in the nucleotide or amino acid sequences of the tested samples against the comparison species. The protein structures of the tested samples showed similarities to the protein model of the Pokkali cultivar. The Java variety (sensitive) showed differences in nucleotide sequences, amino acids, and protein structure against Pokkali and tested samples."

"Penelitian kromosom meiosis dan berbagai tahapan pembelahan sel dari beberapa stages perkembangan bunga Hibiscus schizopetalus telah dilakukan sejak bulan Maret hingga Mei 2018. Penelitian ini mengamati kromosom meiosis dan melihat berbagai tahapan pembelahan sel yang ditemukan pada stage 1 sampai 6 yang dikaitkan dengan proses mikrosporogenesis dan karakteristik kromosom haploid atau diploid yang ditemukan pada tiap stages tersebut. Sampel kuncup bunga yang digunakan dalam penelitian diisolasi dari stage 1 sampai 6 dan dikumpulkan pada pukul 09.00 WIB. Sampel kuncup bunga yang berada pada stage 1 sampai 3 diisolasi dari bagian calyx dan epicalyx-nya, sedangkan sampel kuncup bunga yang berada pada stage 4 sampai 6 diisolasi bagian anther-nya untuk digunakan dalam penelitian. Preparat kromosom dibuat dengan menggunakan metode squash aceto-orcein. Hasil pengamatan kromosom menunjukkan bahwa kecenderungan pembelahan meiosis 1 ditemukan pada stage 1 sampai 3, sedangkan pembelahan meiosis 2 cenderung ditemukan pada stage 4 sampai 6. Struktur mikrospora diketahui ditemukan pada stage 4, 5, dan 6, sedangkan struktur polen ditemukan pada stage 6. Peluang ditemukannya kromosom yang bersifat haploid semakin tinggi seiring dengan peningkatan stages perkembangan bunga. Diperlukan studi lebih lanjut terkait kromosom dan pembelahan sel pada stages perkembangan bunga dari tanaman lain.

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The research on meiotic chromosome and various cell division phases from several stages of Hibiscus schizopetalus flower development had been conducted from March to May 2018. This research observed meiotic chromosome and discovered the various cell division phases that took place in stages 1 to 6 of the flower developmental stages. The association of the results with the process of microsporogenesis and the chromosomal characteristics haploid or diploid which were found at those stages were further assessed.

Flower buds that were used in the study were isolated from stages 1 to 6 and were collected at 9 A.M. Flower buds from stages 1 to 3 were isolated from the calyx and epicalyx, while flower buds from stages 4 to 6 were isolated on the anther part. Chromosome preparation was carried out using the method of aceto orcein squash.

The result of chromosomal observation found that the tendency of meiosis 1 was found in stages 1 to 3, whereas meiosis 2 tended to be found in stages 4 to 6. The microspore structure was found in stage 4, 5, and 6, while the structure of pollen was found in stage 6. Haploid chromosomes were found to increase along with the increase of the stages of flower development. Further studies are needed to learn more about chromosome and cell division in the flower developmental stages of other plants. "