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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kinerja pembakaran biobriketberbahan campuran biomassa bagase tebu dan batubara subbituminous dengan variasikomposisi biomassa 100%, 75% dan 50%. Kecepatan superfisial aliran udara jugadivariasikan sebesar 0,2 ; 0,3 dan 0,4 m/s. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan waktu ignisitercepat (0,49 menit) dicapai pada pembakaran briket komposisi 75% Biomassadengan kecepatan superfisial 0,4 m/s; emisi CO rata-rata terendah (161 ppm) padapembakaran briket berkomposisi 50% biomassa pada 0,4 m/s dan efisiensi termalterbesar (0,376%) pada pembakaran briket dengan komposisi 50% biomassa.

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ABSTRACTThis research aimed to studying the performance of biobriquettes combustion

made from mixture of bagasse sugar cane and subbituminouss coal, with varying of

biomass content of 100%,75% and 50%. The superficial velocity of air flow in the

stove has also varied at 0,2 ; 0,3 and 0,4 m/s. The results showed the fastest of

ignition time (0,49 minutes) was achieved by burning briquettes containing 75%

operated at superficial velocity 0,4 m/s; the lowest averange CO emissions (161

ppm) by burning briquettes containing 50% biomass at 0,4 m/s and the largest

thermal efficiency (0,376%) by burning briquettes containing 50% biomass."

"Metode Bow-Tie Analysis merupakan metode analisa resiko yang memiliki keunggulan analisa yang lebih detail karena merupakan gabungan Fault Tree Analysis dan Event Tree Analyis, dan juga dalam hal penjabaran informasi lebih sederhana dan mudah untuk dimengerti. Namun, analisa Bow-Tie masih bersifat kualitatif dan guna meningkatkan keakuratan analisa Bow-Tie dapat dilakukan kuantifikasi LOPA (Layer of Protection Analysis), yang berdasarkan pada nilai Probability Failure Of Demand (PFD) dari setiap alat proses. Hasil kajian ini berupa evaluasi fasilitas proses sebuah NGL Extraction Plant, dengan output berupa rekomendasi bagi beberapa node yang tidak memenuhi kriteria ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practiceable) dan batas nilai TMEL (Target Mitigated Event Likelihood) sebesar 10-5. Rekomendasi tersebut melingkupi penambahan IPL aktif dan IPL pasif hingga mencapai batas TMEL dan kriteria ALARP yang ingin dicapai.

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Bow-Tie Analysis is one of risk assessment method, which best at qualitative risk assessment based on its detail explanation combined from Fault Tree Analysis and Event Tree Analyis, and it also made as a simple explanation and easily understandable. But, Bow-Tie analysis still a qualitative method of analysis and in order to increase accurancy of this method, bow tie can be quatificated by LOPA method (Layer of Protection Analysis) which based on the value of Probability Failure Of Demand (PFD) from each process equipment. This review results an evaluation of NGL Extraction plant, with a recommendation as the output. The recommendation is the additional of IPL passive and active in oreder to achieve the parameter of ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practiceable) and limitation of TMEL (Target Mitigated Event Likelihood) as 10-5."