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Abstrak :
Dalam penulisan resep, pandangan dokter mengenai obat yang cocok bagi pasien adalah obat yang memiliki efikasi dan kualitas yang baik namun kurang mempertimbangkan kemampuan pasien dalam membayar atau membeli obat tersebut. Pada pasien yang memiliki jaminan asuransi, dokter tidak memiliki kendala dan hambatan dalam pola peresepan. Demikian pula dengan hadirya beberapa kebijakan dari PT. Askes yang menerbitkan DPHO (Daiiar Plafon Harga Obat); climana obat yang digunakan untuk pasien peserta Askes PNS, adalah obat yang sesuai dengan DPHO' tersebut, dan bila tidak sesuai dengan DPHO maka pasien membayar sendiri obat yang akan ditangglmg sendiri (Out of Pocket). Oleh karenanya perlu dilakukan analisis, apakah resep-resep yang diberikan kepada peserta asuransi kesehatan PNS memenuhi indikator wnum kerasionalan penulisan resep yang dirumuskan oleh WHO' (World Health Organization) dalam meniiai penggunaan obat rasional' di berbagai institusi pemerintah yakni rata - rata jumlah item per lernbar resep; persentase peresepan dengan nama generik; persentasc peresepan dengan antibiotik; persentase peresepan dengan injeksi; persentase peresepan yang sesuai dengan DOEN dan Formularium Pénelitian ini rnengunakan desain cross sectional dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekundcr berupa resep dan laporan keuangan. Populasi sludi pada penelidan ini adalah resep resep yang ke PT. Askes pada bulan November, dan dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling didapatkan jumlah sample yang diteliti sebanyak 508' responden. Dengan menggunakan analisis statistik regresi linier, didapatkan bahwa biaya obat out of pocket memiliki hubungan yang sigfinikan dengan persentase obat paten per lembar resep; persentase obat yang tidak sesuai dengan formularium dan persentase pemakaian injeksi per lembar resep. Sedangkan pola peresepan yang memiliki hubungan dengan total biaya obat adalah jumlah obat yang dilayani instalasi farmasi; persentase obat paten per lcmbar resep; persentase obat antibiotik per lembar resep dan persentase pemakaian injeksi per lembar resep. Rata rata biaya obat' out of pocket per lembar resep sebcsar Rp. 8.l39;- dan rata rata jumlah biaya total per lembar resep adaiah sebesar Rp. 82.564,- ......In prescribing a prescription, doctors consider that appropriate medicines for patients are those, which have good effect and quality, but they less consider the ability of patients to pay or buy the medicines. Doctors do not have constraints and difficulties related to prescribing pattern to patients who have insurance guarantee. Through its policy, PT. Askes releases DHPO (Medicines Costs Ceiling Lists) stating that medicines used for patients being insurance members from civil servants are those suitable with the DHPO. If the medicines do not confirm the DHPO, patients will pay the medicines themselves (out of packet). For these reason, whether prescriptions given to health insurance members comply with general indicators of rationality of prescribing formulated by WHO (World Health Organization) should be analyzed. WHO determines indicators to evaluate the rational utilization of medicines in governmental institution as follows: the average of the number of items per prescription sheet, percentage of prescribing with generic name, percentage of prescribing with antibiotic, percentage of prescribing with injection percentage of prescribing in accordance with DOEN (National Essential Medicines List) and formulation. This research used cross sectional design. The research analyzed primary and secondary data. The secondary data were in the lbmr of prescriptions and 'financial report. The populations were prescriptions claimed by PT. Askes in November. By using sampling random technique, the number of samples studied was 508 respondents. By applying linear regression statistical analysis, it was found that out of pocket medicines costs is significantly related with the percentage of patent per prescription sheet, percentage of medicines that is not confirmed with formulation, and percentage of injection utilization per prescription sheet. On the other hand, prescribing pattern which has relation with total medicines cost are the number of medicines provided by pharmaceutical installation, percentage of patent medicines per prescription sheet, percentage of antibiotic medicines per prescription sheet, and percentage of injection utilization per prescription sheet. The cost of out of pocket medicines per prescription sheer is IDR 8,139 on average and the number of total cost per prescription sheet is IDR 82,564 on average.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Merokok merupakan suatu kebiasaan yang dapat berdampak pada kesehatan. Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara dengan perokok terbanyak harus menurunkan jumlah perokok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis model faktor upaya berhenti merokok dan Kesiapan berhenti merokok pada perokok aktif berumur 15 tahunkeatas di Indonesia. Desain Penelitian ini potonglintang dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) tahun 2011 dengan sampel sebanyak 2.424 responden Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 19 variabel yang diidentifikasi, terdapat beberapa faktor yang berperan meningkatkan upaya mencoba berhenti merokok diantaranya bertempat tinggal di daerah perkotaan, mendapatkan nasehat berhenti merokok, merokok setiap harinya 1-10 batang, lama merokok dibawah 20 tahun, membutuhkan jeda waktu merokok di pagi hari lebih dari 30 menit, melihat peringatan kesehatan, mendapatkan informasi bahaya merokok, terpajan iklan rokok, dan berpengetahuan tinggi tentang bahaya merokok. Pada Rencana berhenti merokok faktor yang berperan yaitu berpendidikan tinggi, berpengetahuan tinggi terhadap bahaya merokok, mendapatkan nasehat berhenti merokok, melihat peringatan kesehatan, mendapatkan informasi bahaya merokok, dan menghabiskan 1-10 batang rokok perharinya. Perlu dilakukan intervensi yang sesuaikan dengan tempat tinggal dan tingkat pendidikan, meningkatkan kemampuan tenaga kesehatan agar dapat memberikan nasehat berhenti merokok dengan maksimal;

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ABSTRACT
Smoking is a habit that can have an impact on health. Indonesia as one of the countries with the most smokers, have to decrease the number of smoker. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors attempts to quit smoking and plan to quit smoking in active smokers aged 15 years in Indonesia. This reseach is crosssectional design. The processed secondary data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) in 2011 by taking a sample of households and individuals. A total of 2,424 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that of the 19 variables were identified, there are several determinant factors which related to attempts to quit smoking, smoker who live in urban areas, get advice to quit smoking from doctor, smoking every day 1-10 stick, length of smoking less than 20 years, needed time smoking in the morning after wake up more than 30 minutes, see a health warning, get information about the dangers of smoking, exposure to cigarette advertising, and have high knowledge about the dangers of smoking. While smoker which have plan to quit smoking, there are several factors, smoker which high educated, have high knowledge about the dangers of smoking, get advice to stop smoking, see health warnings, get information dangers of smoking, and spend 1-10 cigarettes per day. Interventions need to be tailored with spesific characteristic at every community and improving the ability of health professionals have to provide advice to stop smoking at heath facilities;Smoking is a habit that can have an impact on health. Indonesia as one of the countries with the most smokers, have to decrease the number of smoker. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors attempts to quit smoking and plan to quit smoking in active smokers aged 15 years in Indonesia. This reseach is crosssectional design. The processed secondary data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) in 2011 by taking a sample of households and individuals. A total of 2,424 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that of the 19 variables were identified, there are several determinant factors which related to attempts to quit smoking, smoker who live in urban areas, get advice to quit smoking from doctor, smoking every day 1-10 stick, length of smoking less than 20 years, needed time smoking in the morning after wake up more than 30 minutes, see a health warning, get information about the dangers of smoking, exposure to cigarette advertising, and have high knowledge about the dangers of smoking. While smoker which have plan to quit smoking, there are several factors, smoker which high educated, have high knowledge about the dangers of smoking, get advice to stop smoking, see health warnings, get information dangers of smoking, and spend 1-10 cigarettes per day. Interventions need to be tailored with spesific characteristic at every community and improving the ability of health professionals have to provide advice to stop smoking at heath facilities, Smoking is a habit that can have an impact on health. Indonesia as one of the countries with the most smokers, have to decrease the number of smoker. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors attempts to quit smoking and plan to quit smoking in active smokers aged 15 years in Indonesia. This reseach is crosssectional design. The processed secondary data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) in 2011 by taking a sample of households and individuals. A total of 2,424 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that of the 19 variables were identified, there are several determinant factors which related to attempts to quit smoking, smoker who live in urban areas, get advice to quit smoking from doctor, smoking every day 1-10 stick, length of smoking less than 20 years, needed time smoking in the morning after wake up more than 30 minutes, see a health warning, get information about the dangers of smoking, exposure to cigarette advertising, and have high knowledge about the dangers of smoking. While smoker which have plan to quit smoking, there are several factors, smoker which high educated, have high knowledge about the dangers of smoking, get advice to stop smoking, see health warnings, get information dangers of smoking, and spend 1-10 cigarettes per day. Interventions need to be tailored with spesific characteristic at every community and improving the ability of health professionals have to provide advice to stop smoking at heath facilities]