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Abstrak :
Skema piramida yang berkedok Multi-Level Marketing (MLM) telah menjadi isu yang signifikan seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi dan inovasi bentuk usaha dalam industri penjualan langsung dan pemasaran jaringan. Dalam hal mengatur terkait direct selling, pemerintah Indonesia dengan kedaulatannya memiliki limitasi dalam mengeluarkan regulasi. Batasan-batasan tersebut salah satunya bersumber dari perjanjian multilateral ataupun bilateral yang mengikat Indonesia. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi titik temu antara pengaturan direct selling di Indonesia dan perjanjian perdagangan internasional yang mengikatnya mengenai praktik pemasaran berjenjang (MLM) dan skema piramida. Fokusnya adalah pada bagaimana Indonesia mengatur MLM, dan sejauh mana peraturan tersebut sejalan atau berpotensi bertentangan dengan perjanjian perdagangan Free Trade Agreement (FTA) dan WTO. Penelitian ini menggali kerangka hukum dan regulasi yang ada yang melindungi konsumen dari potensi penipuan dalam skema piramida dan prevalensi skema piramida di MLM, serta menganalisis bagaimana perjanjian-perjanjian perdagangan internasional mempengaruhi dan berdampak pada kebijakan MLM di Indonesia. Skripsi ini juga membandingkan pendekatan Indonesia dengan negara-negara seperti Tiongkok, yang telah mengadopsi kebijakan berbeda terkait penjualan langsung dan MLM di bawah kerangka WTO. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman lebih dalam tentang upaya perlindungan konsumen dalam menghadapi skema piramida berkedok MLM dan menyoroti perlunya peningkatan kerja sama antara pihak berwenang, perusahaan MLM, dan konsumen dalam memitigasi risiko yang terkait dengan skema piramida. ......Pyramid schemes under the guise of Multi-Level Marketing (MLM) have become a significant issue along with the development of technology and innovation in business forms in the direct sales and network marketing industries. In terms of regulating direct selling, the Indonesian government with its sovereignty has limitations in issuing regulations. One of these limitations comes from multilateral or bilateral agreements that bind Indonesia. This thesis aims to explore the intersection between direct selling regulations in Indonesia and the international trade agreements that bind them regarding multi-level marketing (MLM) practices and pyramid schemes. The focus is on how Indonesia regulates MLM, and the extent to which these regulations are in line with or potentially conflict with the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and WTO trade agreements. This research explores the existing legal and regulatory framework that protects consumers from potential fraud in pyramid schemes and the prevalence of pyramid schemes in MLM, as well as analyzing how international trade agreements influence and impact MLM policy in Indonesia. This thesis also compares Indonesia's approach with countries such as China, which have adopted different policies regarding direct sales and MLM under the WTO framework. This research provides a deeper understanding of consumer protection efforts in dealing with pyramid schemes under the guise of MLM and highlights the need for increased cooperation between authorities, MLM companies and consumers in mitigating the risks associated with pyramid schemes.

Abstrak :
Tanggungjawab Produk adalah tanggungjawab berdasarkan perbuatan melawan hukum (tortious liability) yang telah diderivasi menjadi strict liability. Tanggungjawab produk ini akan digunakan oleh konsumen untuk memperoleh ganti rugi secara langsung dari pelaku usaha (produsen barang), sekalipun konsumen tidak memiliki hubungan kontraktual (no privity of contract) dengan produsen tersebut. Berkaitan dengan tanggungjawab pelaku usaha, maka salah satu Pasal yang mengaturnya adalah Pasal 19 Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen No. 8 Tahun 1999. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan kualitatif.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Upaya perawatan bagi penderita HIV/AIDS dilaksanakan di Klinik Mawar RSUD dr. Abdul Aziz Kota Singkawang, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat sejak tahun 2004 sampai sekarang. Klinik Mawar merupakan salah satu tujuan rujukan bagi penderita HIV/AIDS yang berasal dari Kabupaten Sambas dan Kabupaten Bengkayang yang merupakan wilayah perbatasan antara Indonesia dengan Malaysia.

Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional ini dilaksanakan untuk menganalisis hubungan layanan vct mobile dengan adherence/kepatuhan penderita HIV/AIDS dalam pengobatan ART di Klinik Mawar sejak tahun 2004 sampai bulan Februari 2016. Dari seluruh penderita HIV/AIDS yang teregister di Klinik Mawar diketahui bahwa hanya 55,9% saja yang melakukan pengobatan ART sedangkan yang patuh sebesar 24,5%. Untuk itu dilakukan analisis univariat, analisis missing data, analisis bivariat dan multivariat untuk mengetahui gambaran adherence/kepatuhan penderita HIV/AIDS dalam pengobatan ART

Hasil analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa layanan vct statis merupakan faktor protektif bagi layanan vct mobile bagi penderita HIV/AIDS untuk patuh dalam pengobatan ART yang dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan, tempat tinggal, suku dan lama ART

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ABSTRACT
The efforts of care for people with HIV/AIDS implemented in Hospitals Mawar Clinic dr. Abdul Aziz, Singkawang, West Kalimantan province since 2004 until now. Mawar clinic is one of the purposes of referral for patients with HIV/AIDS who came from the District of Sambas and Bengkayang which was the border region between Indonesia with Malaysia

Design research with cross sectional was held to analyze the mobile vct services relationship with adherence/compliance people with HIV/AIDS in the treatment of Mawar ART at the clinic since 2004 until February 2016. Of the entire people with HIV/AIDS are in clinical on register the Mawar note that only 55,9% are doing the treatment of ART while the complience or adhere to ART amounting to 24,5%. For a univariate analysis was carried out, the analysis of missing data, the multivariate analysis bivariat and to know the description of adherence/compliance people with HIV/AIDS in the treatment of ART

Multivariate analysis using logistic regression test showed that the static VCT services was a protective factor for mobile VCT services for people with HIV / AIDS to adhere to antiretroviral treatment is influenced by education, place of residence , ethnicity and duration of ART

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Peralatan elektrik rumah tangga merupakan bentuk Extremely Low Frequency - Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) yang diduga dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas hormonal siklus ovarium, termasuk folikulogenesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemajanan ELF-EMF dengan tegangan tertentu (kontrol, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) terhadap jumlah dan morfologi folikel primer, serta melihat ada tidaknya efek kumulatif antar-generasi (generasi pertama, kedua, dan ketiga). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental pada mencit strain Swiss Webster. Mencit yang dietanasi akan diambil ovariumnya untuk dijadikan sampel penelitian. Sampel untuk tiap tegangan dan tiap generasi berjumlah sebanyak 5 buah, dengan total yang akan dianalisis sebanyak 60 sampel. Pada uji normalitas dengan Kolmogorov-smirnov, data yang terdistribusi normal (p 0,05) dianalisis dengan uji one-way ANOVA, sedangkan data yang distribusinya tidak normal (p < 0,05) dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-wallis. Seluruh analisis data menunjukkan p 0,05, sehingga tidak dilanjutkan dengan analisis Post Hoc. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemajanan ELF-EMF pada berbagai tegangan tidak mempengaruhi jumlah dan morfologi folikel primer mencit, serta tidak terdapat efek kumulatif antar-generasi.

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ABSTRACT
Household electrical appliances is a form of Extremely Low Frequency - Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) that might impact on hormonal activity of ovarian cycle, including folliculogenesis. This study aimed to examine the effect of ELF-EMF exposure with a certain voltage (control, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) to the number and morphology of primary follicles, and see whether there is a cumulative effect of inter-generation (first, second, and third generation). The method used is experimental on strain Swiss Webster mice. Executed mice?s ovary will be taken for the research sample. Sample for each voltage and each generation amounted to as much as 5 pieces, with a total of 60 samples will be analyzed. In the test of normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, normally distributed data (p
0.05) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, while unnormally distributed data (p <0.05) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. The entire analysis of the data showed p
0.05, so it is not followed by Post Hoc analysis. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure of ELF-EMF with certain voltage does not affect the number and morphology of primary follicles of mice, and there is no cumulative effect of inter-generational.;Household electrical appliances is a form of Extremely Low Frequency - Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) that might impact on hormonal activity of ovarian cycle, including folliculogenesis. This study aimed to examine the effect of ELF-EMF exposure with a certain voltage (control, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) to the number and morphology of primary follicles, and see whether there is a cumulative effect of inter-generation (first, second, and third generation). The method used is experimental on strain Swiss Webster mice. Executed mice?s ovary will be taken for the research sample. Sample for each voltage and each generation amounted to as much as 5 pieces, with a total of 60 samples will be analyzed. In the test of normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, normally distributed data (p
0.05) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, while unnormally distributed data (p <0.05) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. The entire analysis of the data showed p
0.05, so it is not followed by Post Hoc analysis. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure of ELF-EMF with certain voltage does not affect the number and morphology of primary follicles of mice, and there is no cumulative effect of inter-generational.;Household electrical appliances is a form of Extremely Low Frequency - Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) that might impact on hormonal activity of ovarian cycle, including folliculogenesis. This study aimed to examine the effect of ELF-EMF exposure with a certain voltage (control, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) to the number and morphology of primary follicles, and see whether there is a cumulative effect of inter-generation (first, second, and third generation). The method used is experimental on strain Swiss Webster mice. Executed mice?s ovary will be taken for the research sample. Sample for each voltage and each generation amounted to as much as 5 pieces, with a total of 60 samples will be analyzed. In the test of normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, normally distributed data (p
0.05) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, while unnormally distributed data (p <0.05) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. The entire analysis of the data showed p
0.05, so it is not followed by Post Hoc analysis. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure of ELF-EMF with certain voltage does not affect the number and morphology of primary follicles of mice, and there is no cumulative effect of inter-generational.;Household electrical appliances is a form of Extremely Low Frequency - Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) that might impact on hormonal activity of ovarian cycle, including folliculogenesis. This study aimed to examine the effect of ELF-EMF exposure with a certain voltage (control, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) to the number and morphology of primary follicles, and see whether there is a cumulative effect of inter-generation (first, second, and third generation). The method used is experimental on strain Swiss Webster mice. Executed mice?s ovary will be taken for the research sample. Sample for each voltage and each generation amounted to as much as 5 pieces, with a total of 60 samples will be analyzed. In the test of normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, normally distributed data (p
0.05) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, while unnormally distributed data (p <0.05) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. The entire analysis of the data showed p
0.05, so it is not followed by Post Hoc analysis. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure of ELF-EMF with certain voltage does not affect the number and morphology of primary follicles of mice, and there is no cumulative effect of inter-generational.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini membahas mengenai Layanan Referensi di Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia, khususnya layanan referensi lantai 4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis bagaimana tingkat kualitas Layanan Referensi Lantai 4 Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia berdasarkan dimensi kualitas layanan LibQual+TM. Dimensi-dimensi tersebut diantaranya, yaitu Affect of Service (kinerja pustakawan), Information Control (kualitas koleksi), dan Library as Place (perpustakaan sebagai tempat). Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 80 sampel. Penentuan sampel, yaitu dengan cara accidental sampling. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum seluruh kualitas layanan berada pada zone of tolerance, atau memenuhi harapan minimum pengguna. Namun, keseluruhan layanan tersebut belum dapat dikatakan sebagai layanan yang unggul (superior service). Hal ini dikarenakan keseluruhan dimensi layanan tidak ada yang memenuhi harapan yang benarbenar diinginkan oleh para pengguna. ......The focus of this study is about the reference service at the University of Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of the reference service, especially the reference service at the 4th floor, based on the service quality dimension of LibQual+TM. The dimensions are Affect of Service, Information Control, and Library as Place. This is a quantitative study with questionnaire as a data collection tool. The sample used were 80 respondents who are determined based on population of the reference services visitors. The result shows that all the dimensions of quality service are within users zone of tolerance, or in other words have met the minimum expectaition of users. However, the overall dimensions of the services cannot be said as a superior service. This is because there is no services that meet with the maximum expectation of the users.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai asas iktikad baik dalam perjanjian perkawinan khususnya dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 527K/Pdt/2014. Di Indonesia, perjanjian perkawinan merupakan suatu perjanjian yang tidak hanya merupakan bagian dari Buku III Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, melainkan juga merupakan bagian dari Buku I. Dalam pelaksanaannya, perjanjian perkawinan masih menemui beberapa kendala. Skripsi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh salah satu kendala yang dapat dialami dalam perjanjian perkawinan, yaitu iktikad baik pihak-pihak yang memiliki hubungan dengan perjanjian perkawinan tersebut. Adapun tujuan dari dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menilik lebih dalam mengenai bagaimana seharusnya suatu perjanjian perkawinan dilakukan seraya memenuhi asas iktikad baik. Bentuk dari penelitian ini sendiri adalah yuridis normatif dengan tipologi penelitian deskriptif. Dengan dilakukannya penelitian ini, Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa dalam putusan yang dibahas terdapat berbagai pelanggaran asas iktikad baik dengan sebab-sebab yang beragam. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena masih belum adanya kepastian hukum dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Indonesia mengenai asas iktikad baik. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah sebaiknya bergegas untuk merumuskan peraturan dari iktikad baik.

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This thesis discusses good faith principle in marriage agreement, particularly in Supreme Court Verdict No. 527K Pdt 2014. In Indonesia, marriage agreement is not just a part of 3rd Book of Indonesian Civil Code but also a part of 1st Book. In real life practice, marriage agreement still encounters many obstacles. This thesis is made based on one of the obstacle many people encounter in marriage agreement, which is good faith principle of parties related to the marriage agreement. As for the purpose of this research is to look deeper into how a marriage agreement should be executed while fulfilling the good faith principle. This is a juridical normative research with descriptive typology. By doing this research, writer concluded that in the analyzed verdict, there are violations of good faith principle with various causes. This could happen because up until this thesis is written, there is no rule of law in Indonesian Legislation concerning good faith principle. Therefore, the government should hurry to formulate regulation on good faith principle.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang : Neuropati perifer merupakan salah satu efek samping kemoterapi yang sering ditemui. Beberapa gejala neuropati perifer berupa rasa nyeri yang hebat, perubahan sensoris dan kelemahan. Gejala tersebut menyebabkan keterbatasan dalam beraktivitas sehari-hari, menyebabkan pengurangan dosis, perubahan protokol kemoterapi atau bahkan penghentian obat kemoterapi tersebut. Sehingga meningkatkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien dengan keganasan. Tujuan: Mengetahui insidensi neuropati perifer pada anak yang mendapat kemoterapi dengan obat alkaloid vinka dan/atau platinum serta faktor risikonya. Metode: Penelitian kohort prospektif pada anak di bagian hematologi onkologi kiara RSCM yang mendapat obat vinkristin dan platinum (sisplatin dan atau karboplatin) dalam pengamatan 12 minggu. Pemeriksaan neuropati perifer dilakukan dengan metode pemeriksaan kecepatan hantar saraf (KHS). Hasil: Sebanyak 55 subjek diikutkan dalam penelitian ini, Insiden neuropati perifer adalah 50,9%. Faktor risiko yang bermakna pada penelitian ini adalah obat vinkristin (p=0.001), dengan risiko 3 kali lebih tinggi untuk kejadian neuropati perifer. Hasil lain yang bermakna adalah kombinasi kemoterapi (p=0,01) dan dosis kumulatif vinkristin 9 mg/m2 (p=0,027). Usia dan status gizi tidak didapatkan bermakna. Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini faktor risiko yang bermakna dengan neuropati perifer adalah jenis obat kemoterapi (vinkristin), kombinasi obat, dan dosis kumulatif vinkristin 9 mg/m2. ......Background: Peripheral neuropathy is one of the frequently encountered side effects of chemotherapy. Symptoms of peripheral neuropathy include severe pain, sensory changes, and weakness that cause limitations in daily activities, leading to dose reduction, changes in chemotherapy protocols, or even discontinuation of the chemotherapy drug. This can increase the morbidity and mortality of patients with malignancy. Objective: To determine the incidence of peripheral neuropathy in children receiving chemotherapy with vinca alkaloids and/or platinum and the risk factors. Methods: Prospective cohort study of children in the hematology-oncology department at Kiara RSCM who received vincristine and platinum drugs (cisplatin and/or carboplatin) for 12 weeks of observation. Peripheral neuropathy was assessed using the nerve conduction velocity examination. Results: A total of 55 subjects were included. The incidence of peripheral neuropathy was 50.9%. A significant risk factor in this study was the type of chemotherapy drug, which is vincristine (p=0.001). Patients who received vincristine had a 3 times higher risk of developing peripheral neuropathy. The combination of chemotherapy (p=0.01) and the cumulative dose of vincristine of 9 mg/m2 (p=0.027) also appears to become significant risk factors. Age and nutritional status were not significant risk factor. Conclusion: The significant risk factors for peripheral neuropathy were the type of chemotherapy drug (vincristine), drug combination, and the cumulative dose of vincristine of 9 mg/m2.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang : Pandemi COVID-19 mempengaruhi kesehatan fisik dan mental. Pasien LES juga rentan mengalami gangguan psikosomatik yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien LES. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan psikosomatik pada pasien LES pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada pasien LES wanita dewasa di poliklinik Alergi Imunologi dan poliklinik Reumatologi RS Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan September hingga Oktober 2021. Data mengenai gangguan psikosomatik menggunakan kuesioner SCL-90, kemudian dilanjutkan pengumpulan data mengenai faktor demografis (usia, tingkat pendidikan, persepsi kondisi COVID-19, persepsi stres dengan PSS, dan stresor psikososial dengan skor Holmes dan Rahe) serta faktor klinis (derajat aktivitas penyakit dengan MEX-SLEDAI, terapi kortikosteroid, dan riwayat terinfeksi COVID-19 pada pasien dan keluarga). Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Variabel dengan nilai p < 0,25 dianalisis lebih lanjut dengan regresi logistik, dengan nilai p < 0,05 dianggap signifikan. Hasil : 200 pasien wanita dewasa dengan SLE direkrut dalam penelitian. Lebih dari separuh subjek penelitian (54%) mengalami gangguan psikosomatik. Dari analisis multivariat diperoleh tingkat pendidikan tinggi, stresor psikososial risiko sedang-tinggi, serta derajat aktivitas penyakit sedang-sangat berat berhubungan secara signifikan dengan gangguan psikosomatik pada pasien LES di masa pandemi COVID-19 Kesimpulan : Tingkat pendidikan, stresor psikososial, dan derajat aktivitas penyakit berhubungan secara signifikan dengan terjadinya gangguan psikosomatik pada pasien LES di masa pandemi COVID-19. ......Background : The COVID-19 pandemic affects physical and mental health. SLE patients are also prone to psychosomatic disorders which could decrease quality of life. This study aimed to find out the factors that were associated with psychosomatic disorders among SLE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method : This was a cross sectional study of adult female SLE patients from outpatient clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from September to October 2021. Data regarding psychosomatic disorders using SCL-90 questionnaires, then demographic factors (age, education level, perception of COVID-19 conditions, perception of stress using PSS, psychosocial stressors using Holmes and Rahe scores) and clinical factors (disease activity using MEX-SLEDAI, corticosteroid, and history of being infected with COVID-19 in patients or their family) were collected. Bivariate analysis was conducted with Chi-square test. Variables with a p-value <0.25 were further analyzed with logistic regression, a p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results : There were 200 female SLE patients recruited. More than half of the subjects (54%) experienced psychosomatic disorders. From multivariate analysis, high education level, moderate to high psychosocial stressors, and moderate to very severe disease activity level were significantly associated with the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders in SLE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion : Education level, psychosocial stressors, and disease activity level were significantly associated with the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders in SLE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.