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"Dampak langsung dan tidak langsung (spillover effect) dari infrastruktur transportasi (jalan, pelabuhan, dan bandar udara) terhadap perkembangan ekonomi suatu wilayah masih menjadi perdebatan, baik terkait arah maupun besarannya. Penelitian ini melihat dampak infrastruktur transportasi terhadap perkembangan wilayah, baik langsung maupun tidak langsung, dari sisi produktivitas tenaga kerja industri manufaktur. Dengan menggunakan data panel industri manufaktur Indonesia tahun 2011-2014, penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif dari infrastruktur transportasi jalan dan pelabuhan terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja industri manufaktur di Pulau Jawa, baik pada wilayah dimana infrastruktur tersebut berada maupun pada wilayah sekitarnya. Sementara itu, infrastruktur transportasi bandar udara mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja industri manufaktur di luar Pulau Jawa.

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The direct and indirect effects (spillover effect) of transportation infrastructure (roads, ports, and airports) on the economic development in a region are still being debated, both in terms of direction and magnitude. This study estimates the impact of transportation infrastructure on regional development, both directly and indirectly, in terms of labor productivity in the manufacturing industries. Using Indonesian manufacturing industries panel data in 2011-2014, the study shows that there is a positive influence of road and port transportation infrastructure on the labor productivity of manufacturing industries in Java, both in areas where the infrastructure is located and in the surrounding area. Meanwhile, airport transportation infrastructure has a positive influence on the labor productivity of manufacturing industries outside Java."

"Introduction: Hemodialysis is an essential treatment in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) or End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The maturity of arteriovenous fistulas determines the success of hemodialysis. FAV maturity depends on preoperative preparation. The study aims to examine the preoperative and intraoperative peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the radial artery as a predictor of the successful maturation of the radiocephalic FAV. Method: This study used an analytic cross-sectional design to obtain the relationship of FAV maturation with preoperative and intraoperative PSV. Subjects were those who will undergo radiocephalic FAV surgery with preoperative ultrasound mapping. Shortly after anastomosis, PSV was measured. After 6 weeks, FAV was assessed for its maturity. Results: As many as 71 patients were undergone radiocephalic FAV surgery and followed for six weeks. The mean preoperative PSV of mature fistula was significantly higher than immature (54.6 ± 11.7 cm/s and 26.7 ± 7.7 cm/s; p <0.001). The mean intraoperative PSV of mature fistula was significantly higher than immature (57.9 + 12.6 cm/s and 27.1 + 8.1 cm/s; p <0.001). The mean PSV difference in mature fistulas was significantly higher than immature (3 cm/s and 0 cm/s; p <0.001). Preoperative PSV with a cut-off of 40 cm/s, intraoperative with a cut-off of 2 cm/s, and a difference of PSV with a cut-off of 42 cm/s all had 92.9% accuracy as a predictor of FAV maturation compared to “rule of 6” as a reference standard."