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"Apoteker merupakan profesi yang memiliki peran penting dalam pekerjaan kefarmasian. Praktik kerja profesi apoteker merupakan kegiatan pelatihan bagi calon apoteker yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai peran apoteker di dunia kerja serta meningkatkan kompetensi yang dimiliki calon apoteker. Pelaksanaan praktik kerja profesi apoteker di sarana pelayanan kefarmasian merupakan salah satu aspek penting untuk menghasilkan seorang apoteker profesional. Praktik kerja profesi apoteker dilaksanakan di PT Soho Industri Pharmasi pada periode Januari hingga Februari 2022 dan Apotek Roxy Biak pada periode April 2022. Melalui kegiatan praktik kerja di industri farmasi dan apotek, calon apoteker diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan, pemahaman, pengalaman dan keterampilan yang dimilikinya.

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Pharmacists are professions that have an important role in pharmaceutical work. Pharmacists professional practice is a training activity for future pharmacists which aims to provide an overview about pharmacists role in our work society, and enhance the competences of future pharmacists. The implementation of pharmacists professional practice in pharmaceutical service facilities is one of the important aspects to produce a professional pharmacist. The pharmacists professional practice is held at PT Soho Industri Pharmasi from January to February 2022 and Apotek Roxy Biak in April 2022. Through this pharmacists professional practice at pharmaceutical industry and pharmacy, future pharmacists are expected to increase their knowledge, understanding, experience, and skills.

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"Inhibitor Dipeptidil Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) merupakan terapi oral baru untuk pasien diabetes tipe 2 (T2DM). Inhibitor DPP-4 sebagai terapi pilihan karena dapat menurunkan kadar HbA1c secara signifikan, meregenerasi dan diferensiasi sel-β pankreas, serta menurunkan risiko hipoglikemia. Vildagliptin merupakan inhibitor DPP-4 peptidomimetik dengan gugus farmakoforik, 2-sianopirolidin, yang berikatan kovalen dengan residu Ser630 pada situs S1 DPP-4. Namun vildagliptin tidak selektif, karena dapat menginhibisi DPP-8 dan DPP-9 yang dapat menimbulkan efek toksik. Senyawa dengan struktur inti kuinazolinon telah terbukti berpotensi sangat baik terhadap DPP-4 (IC50=7 nM) dan selektif (DPP-8, IC50>10 μM; DPP-9, IC50>10 μM). Sintesis hibrid antara derivat kuinazolinon dengan fragmen farmakoforik inhibitor DPP-4 vildagliptin diharapkan dapat menghasilkan inhibitor DPP-4 yang poten dan selektif. Berdasarkan pemaparan tersebut, dilakukan sintesis senyawa baru “4-(3-nitrofenil)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-oktahidrokuinazolin-2-on” sebagai derivat kuinazolinon. Sintesis senyawa tersebut memerlukan dua tahapan. Tahap 1 melalui reaksi kondensasi aldol silang antara 3-nitrobenzaldehida dengan sikloheksanon. Tahap 2 melalui reaksi adisi Michael antara produk tahap 1 dengan urea, dilanjutkan siklokondensasi, dan eliminasi. Kedua senyawa hasil sintesis diuji kemurniannya menggunakan KLT dan penetapan jarak lebur. Nilai rendemen senyawa hasil sintesis tahap 1 dan tahap 2 secara berturut-turut adalah 77,78% dan 51,63%. FTIR produk tahap 1 memperlihatkan adanya ikatan =CH alkena ulur dan tekuk luar bidang, =CH alkana ulur, CH2 tekuk, C=O keton, dan C=C alkena yang menunjukkan produk tahap 1 telah terbentuk. FTIR produk tahap 2 memperlihatkan adanya ikatan C=O amida serta N-H ulur dan tekuk. Namun pada 1H-NMR selain memperlihatkan proton-proton yang sesuai dengan senyawa target sintesis masih teramati adanya proton-proton dari pengotor, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa senyawa 4-(3-nitrofenil)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-oktahidrokuinazolin-2-on telah terbentuk, namun belum murni.

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Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor is a new oral therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). DPP-4 inhibitors are the best treatment because as it can significantly reduce HbA1c level, regenerated and differentiated cell-β pancreas, and reduced the risk of hypoglycemia. Vildagliptin is a peptidomimetic DPP-4 inhibitor with a pharmacophoric group, 2-cyanopyrolidine, which binds covalently to Ser630 residue at the S1 site of DPP-4. However, vildagliptin is not selective because it can also inhibit DPP-8 and DPP-9, causing toxic effect. Hybrid synthesis between quinazolinone derivatives and the pharmacophoric fragment of DPP-4 inhibitor vildagliptin is expected to produce a potent and selective DPP-4 inhibitor. Compound with a quinazolinone core structure have been shown to be highly potent against DPP-4 (IC50=7nM) and selective (DPP-8, IC50>10 μM; DPP-9, IC50>10 μM). Based on this explanation, a new compound was synthesized “4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquininazoline-2-one” as quinazolinone derivative. There are two steps required for synthesis of this compound. The first step is a crossed aldol condensation reaction between 3-nitrobenzaldehyde and cyclohexanone. The second step is Michael addition reaction between product of step 1 with urea, followed by cyclocondensation, and elimination. The two synthesized compounds were tested for purity using TLC and melting point determination. The yield of compound synthesized in step 1 and 2 were 77,78% and 51,63%, respectively. FTIR of synthesized product of step 1 showed the presence of =CH stretching and out-of-plane bending alkenes, =CH stretching alkanes, CH2 bending, C=O ketones, and C=C alkenes bonds which indicate the product of step 1 has been formed. FTIR of synthesized product of step 2 showed the presence of C=O amides, N-H stretching and bending bonds. However, 1H-NMR spectrum, besides from showing protons appropriate to the target compound, protons from impurities were still observed, so it was concluded that 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ,8-octahydroquinazoline-2-one has been formed, but not pure."

"Inhibitor Dipeptidil Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) merupakan terapi oral baru untuk pasien diabetes tipe 2 (T2DM). Inhibitor DPP-4 sebagai terapi pilihan karena dapat menurunkan kadar HbA1c secara signifikan, meregenerasi dan diferensiasi sel-β pankreas, serta menurunkan risiko hipoglikemia. Vildagliptin merupakan inhibitor DPP-4 peptidomimetik dengan gugus farmakoforik, 2-sianopirolidin, yang berikatan kovalen dengan residu Ser630 pada situs S1 DPP-4. Namun vildagliptin tidak selektif, karena dapat menginhibisi DPP-8 dan DPP-9 yang dapat menimbulkan efek toksik. Senyawa dengan struktur inti kuinazolinon telah terbukti berpotensi sangat baik terhadap DPP-4 (IC50=7 nM) dan selektif (DPP-8, IC50>10 μM; DPP-9, IC50>10 μM). Sintesis hibrid antara derivat kuinazolinon dengan fragmen farmakoforik inhibitor DPP-4 vildagliptin diharapkan dapat menghasilkan inhibitor DPP-4 yang poten dan selektif. Berdasarkan pemaparan tersebut, dilakukan sintesis senyawa baru “4-(3-nitrofenil)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-oktahidrokuinazolin-2-on” sebagai derivat kuinazolinon. Sintesis senyawa tersebut memerlukan dua tahapan. Tahap 1 melalui reaksi kondensasi aldol silang antara 3-nitrobenzaldehida dengan sikloheksanon. Tahap 2 melalui reaksi adisi Michael antara produk tahap 1 dengan urea, dilanjutkan siklokondensasi, dan eliminasi. Kedua senyawa hasil sintesis diuji kemurniannya menggunakan KLT dan penetapan jarak lebur. Nilai rendemen senyawa hasil sintesis tahap 1 dan tahap 2 secara berturut-turut adalah 77,78% dan 51,63%. FTIR produk tahap 1 memperlihatkan adanya ikatan =CH alkena ulur dan tekuk luar bidang, =CH alkana ulur, CH2 tekuk, C=O keton, dan C=C alkena yang menunjukkan produk tahap 1 telah terbentuk. FTIR produk tahap 2 memperlihatkan adanya ikatan C=O amida serta N-H ulur dan tekuk. Namun pada 1H-NMR selain memperlihatkan proton-proton yang sesuai dengan senyawa target sintesis masih teramati adanya proton-proton dari pengotor, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa senyawa 4-(3-nitrofenil)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-oktahidrokuinazolin-2-on telah terbentuk, namun belum murni.

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Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor is a new oral therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). DPP-4 inhibitors are the best treatment because as it can significantly reduce HbA1c level, regenerated and differentiated cell-β pancreas, and reduced the risk of hypoglycemia. Vildagliptin is a peptidomimetic DPP-4 inhibitor with a pharmacophoric group, 2-cyanopyrolidine, which binds covalently to Ser630 residue at the S1 site of DPP-4. However, vildagliptin is not selective because it can also inhibit DPP-8 and DPP-9, causing toxic effect. Hybrid synthesis between quinazolinone derivatives and the pharmacophoric fragment of DPP-4 inhibitor vildagliptin is expected to produce a potent and selective DPP-4 inhibitor. Compound with a quinazolinone core structure have been shown to be highly potent against DPP-4 (IC50=7nM) and selective (DPP-8, IC50>10 μM; DPP-9, IC50>10 μM). Based on this explanation, a new compound was synthesized “4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquininazoline-2-one” as quinazolinone derivative. There are two steps required for synthesis of this compound. The first step is a crossed aldol condensation reaction between 3-nitrobenzaldehyde and cyclohexanone. The second step is Michael addition reaction between product of step 1 with urea, followed by cyclocondensation, and elimination. The two synthesized compounds were tested for purity using TLC and melting point determination. The yield of compound synthesized in step 1 and 2 were 77,78% and 51,63%, respectively. FTIR of synthesized product of step 1 showed the presence of =CH stretching and out-of-plane bending alkenes, =CH stretching alkanes, CH2 bending, C=O ketones, and C=C alkenes bonds which indicate the product of step 1 has been formed. FTIR of synthesized product of step 2 showed the presence of C=O amides, N-H stretching and bending bonds. However, 1H-NMR spectrum, besides from showing protons appropriate to the target compound, protons from impurities were still observed, so it was concluded that 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ,8-octahydroquinazoline-2-one has been formed, but not pure."