Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This book deals with military defeat and national catastrophe, and their implications for society. When the First Balkan War broke out in October 1912, few Ottomans anticipated that it would prove to be a watershed moment for the empire, ending in atrocities, ignominy, national catastrophe, and the loss of its remaining provinces in the Balkans. Defeat at the hands of an alliance of Balkan states comprising Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro created deep national trauma and led to bitter soul-searching, giving rise to a so-called culture of defeat in which condemnation, exclusion of the non-Muslim minorities, criticism over the project of Ottomanism, and calls for national rejuvenation prevailed in a way clearly at odds with the reformist discourse which followed the young turk revolution of 1908. This book discusses some of the different visual and written products of the defeat, published in Ottoman local languages (Turkish, Arabic and Ladino), with the aim of understanding the experience of defeat, how it was perceived, analyzed and commemorated by different sectors in Ottoman society, to show that it is key to understanding the decisions and actions of the Ottoman political elite during the subsequent world war one and the early decades of the Turkish Republic."

"This book charts a new direction for explanations of neighborhood violence that focuses on the underexamined role of adversarial relations (turf wars) among politicians, gangs, and the police. This case study of the Little Village neighborhood of Chicago investigates why shootings and arsons were concentrated on clusters of blocks in the neighborhoods eastside. Using a mix of ethnographic, historical, and statistical data, the book focuses on two turf wars that triggered incidents of violence and undermined residents violence prevention efforts. First, the political turf war between Chicagos Democratic Party and the neighborhoods independent political leadership curtailed community efforts to prevent violence. The majority-Democrat city council routinely gerrymandered ward boundaries in the neighborhoods eastside to prevent it from becoming another politically independent ward. With few ties to the citys political system, blocks on the eastside had insufficient resources and no organizational infrastructure to prevent violence. Second, the turf war between gangs and police routinely triggered acts of violence. To prevent residents from cooperating with police, gangs committed acts of arson against informants. In response police arrested gang leaders, which ignited violent competition among neighborhood gangs for territory thus made vacant. Wounded City uncovers links between urban political economy and rates of violence on residential blocks. It demonstrates how cities plagued by violence need to heal from physical wounds inflicted by violence as well as wounds inflicted by competition for political power."