"The substitution of the term "prison" with "correctional institution" is intended to ensure that inmates, when sewing their term, can acquire skills and guidance in order to accelerate inmate's resocialization process back into the society. Thus, treatment of inmates should be intended to restore their dignity, by ensuring proper respect from fellow inmates and from institutional officers.
However, the implementation of the concept does not seem to be effective yet. This can be deduced from the many cases showing lack of understanding of the goals of correction, namely the presence of violence within correctional institutions. This phenomenon seems to be rampant within these institutions, even well known by the community at large.
Still, violence does not exist in all correctional institutions. ln other words, some correctional institutions have no incidence of conflicts, escapes and other fomis of violence.
To find out the existence (or non-existence) of a culture of violence, or acts of violence in correctional institutions, the researcher performed a study in Tangerang IIB Class Young Women's Correctional Institution, using a qualitative method to collect data from 5 inmates. The researcher used the theory of the sub-culture of violence of Donald Clemmer; and also of Wolfgang & Ferracuti.
This study focused on the social relations between inmates (juveniles and adult inmates) and also between inmates and officers; and also the rules in place.
Results of the study show that relations among these actors are socially acceptable and violence does not always exist in solution of problems. This is shown by a pattem of guidance focused more on correction. Thus, the theories on the sub-culture of violence in prisons did not hold in Tangerang IIB Class Young Women's Correctional institution for the time being.
The researcher would like to suggest improvements in the form of better quality of institutional officers, and more understanding of the functions and duties in correctional institutions, especially in treating juveniles."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2006
