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"This paper1 describes the development of temporal expressions in a bilingual child acquiring two typologically distinct languages: Italian and Indonesian.2 These languages differ from one another in the way tense and aspect are encoded and it is interesting to observe what kind of cross-linguistic influence one language system has on the other. Italian verbs are heavily inflected for person, number as well as for tense, aspect and mood, whereas, in Indonesian, the encoding of tense and aspect is lexical rather than morphological; moreover encoding is optional when the context is sufficiently clear. This means that tense and aspect in Indonesian is often marked pragmatically rather than grammatically. This paper considers the interference effects that result from simultaneously acquiring these two typologically distinct systems."

"ABSTRAKFaktor keselamatan atau crashworthiness adalah hal terpenting dalam merancang suatu kendaraan. Struktur rel depan yang terletak di zona benturan berguna untuk dapat menyerap energi saat terjadi tabrakan dari arah depan, dengan begitu energi yang tersalurkan ke dalam kabin penumpang akan lebih kecil dan diharapkan tidak membahayakan penumpang. Struktur berdinding tipis banyak digunakan dalam aplikasi crashworthiness karena mempunyai rasio kekuatan dan berat struktur yang tinggi, harganya relatif murah, dan mempunyai kemampuan menyerap energi yang baik. Pada penelitian ini, pengaruh struktur baja persegi bernodal stiffeners dengan variasi desain ketebalan, bentuk, dan posisi dari nodal akan diamati sehingga mendapatkan nilai kriteria crashworthiness berupa penyerapan energi spesifik SEA , gaya tumbukan puncak peak force , dan efisiensi gaya tumbukan CFE . Pemberian nodal diharapkan dapat meningkatkan SEA dan CFE, lalu menurunkan nilai peak force. Setelah itu, urutan kombinasi desain optimum akan diperoleh dengan metode Vikor. Spesimen uji dengan faktor desain berbeda akan dilakukan uji simulasi numerik dengan memodelkan pengujian beban impak menggunakan software PAM-Crash. Variasi desain bentuk nodal penuh memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap nilai kriteria crashworthiness terbaik. Spesimen 12 0.8 F 150 sebagai kombinasi desain optimum.

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ABSTRACT

Vehicle safety or crashworthiness is the most important factor to design a vehicle. The function of frontal rails which is located on crumple zone is to absorb energy when collision happens, so that the energy occur on passenger cell is minimized and less dangerous. Thin walled structures generally used in many applications of crashworthiness because it has high strength and weight ratio, inexpensive, and have a good energy absorber ability. In this study, the effect of nodal stiffeners with varied thickness, shape, and nodal position is observed to get a crashworthiness criterias, namely is specific energy absorption SEA , peak crushing force peak force , and crush force efficiency CFE . Nodal installations hopefully can increase SEA and CFE, then decrease peak force. After that, optimum design combinations obtained from Vikor method. Specimen with a different design factors will be done by modelling a numerical simulation based on real experimental case use PAM Crash software. The design variations that have a full nodal show a significant effect to crashworthiness criteria. Specimen 12 0.8 F 150 is the optimum design combinations."

"ABSTRAKEnergi panas bumi merupakan energi terbarukan yang sedang berkembang di dunia modern. Untuk memanfaatkan energi panas bumi, butuh dilakukan eksplorasi terlebih dahulu untuk menentukan daerah dengan prospek system geothermal. Setelah dilakukan perkiraan dasar wilayah prospek melalui data geologi dan geokimia di permukaan bumi, dilakukan survey geofisika untuk melihat keadaan dibawah permukaan. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan adalah metode Micro Earthquake (MEQ). Metode Micro Earthquake dapat digunakan untuk memperkirakan arah patahan dan rekahan yang ada dibawah permukaan. Celah pada patahan yang kadang saling bergesekan menyebabkan gempa-gempa mikro di sepanjang patahan. Dengan mengikuti persebaran hiposenter gempa mikro yang didapat, struktur patahan pada daerah penelitian dapat diperkirakan. Persebaran hiposenter akan dicari dengan menggunakan software Hypo71 dan kemudian direlokasi dengan software HypoDD agar hiposenter yang didapat lebih akurat. Hasil dari relokasi akan divisualisasikan agar data lebih mudah dinterpretasikan. Dari hasil struktur patahan yang didapat, daerah prospek geothermal yang merupakan daerah perkiraan reservoir dari system geothermal.

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ABSTRACT

Energi panas bumi merupakan energi terbarukan yang sedang berkembang di dunia modern. Untuk memanfaatkan energi panas bumi, butuh dilakukan eksplorasi terlebih dahulu untuk menentukan daerah dengan prospek system geothermal. Setelah dilakukan perkiraan dasar wilayah prospek melalui data geologi dan geokimia di permukaan bumi, dilakukan survey geofisika untuk melihat keadaan dibawah permukaan. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan adalah metode Micro Earthquake (MEQ). Metode Micro Earthquake dapat digunakan untuk memperkirakan arah patahan dan rekahan yang ada dibawah permukaan. Celah pada patahan yang kadang saling bergesekan menyebabkan gempa-gempa mikro di sepanjang patahan. Dengan mengikuti persebaran hiposenter gempa mikro yang didapat, struktur patahan pada daerah penelitian dapat diperkirakan. Persebaran hiposenter akan dicari dengan menggunakan software Hypo71 dan kemudian direlokasi dengan software HypoDD agar hiposenter yang didapat lebih akurat. Hasil dari relokasi akan divisualisasikan agar data lebih mudah dinterpretasikan. Dari hasil struktur patahan yang didapat, daerah prospek geothermal yang merupakan daerah perkiraan reservoir dari system geothermal.

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"The volume includes 30 contributions from the 3rd International Workshop on Advanced Dynamics and Model Based Control of Structures and Machines representing the frontiers in the mechanics of controlled machines and structures. The Workshop, held in Perm, Russia in September 2017 continued a series of international workshops, starting in with the Japan-Austria Joint Workshop on Mechanics and Model Based Control of Smart Materials and Structures, the Russia - Austria Joint Workshop on Advanced Dynamics and Model Based Control of Structures and Machines and the first two editions of the International Workshop on Advanced Dynamics and Model Based Control of Structures and Machines. The previous workshops took place in Linz, Austria in September 2008 and April 2010, in St. Petersburg, Russia in July 2012 and in Vienna, Austria in September 2015. The up-to-date contributions are authored by internationally re-known leading experts in dynamics and control representing a broad spectrum of topics in the field of Advanced Structures and Machines; both, with respect to theoretical aspects as well as applications to contemporary engineering problems."

"This book provides an extensive introduction to the mechanics of anti-sandwiches: non-classical composites with multiple homogeneous layers but widely differing parameters concerning their geometry and materials. Therefore, they require special attention in the context of structural mechanics. The theoretical framework presented here is based on a five parametric, planar continuum, which is a pragmatic version of the COSSERAT shell. The direct approach used here is enlarged where constraints are introduced to couple layers and furnish a layer-wise theory. Restrictions are made in terms of linearity-geometrical and physical. After having defined appropriate variables for the kinematics and kinetics, linear elastic material behaviour is considered, where the constitutive tensors are introduced in the context of isotropy. The basics are presented in a clear and distinct manner using index-free tensor notation. This format is simple, concise, and practical. Closed-form solutions of such boundary value problems are usually associated with serious limitations on the boundary conditions, which constitutes a serious disadvantage. To construct approximate solutions, a variational method is employed as the basis for computational procedures where the Finite Element Method is applied. Therefore, the introduction of the vector-matrix notation is convenient. Based on the plane considerations, a finite eight-node SERENDIPITY element with enlarged degrees of freedom is realised. To avoid artificial stiffening effects, various integration types are applied, and the solutions generated are subsequently verified with closed-form solutions for monolithic limiting cases.Within this setting, it is possible to efficiently calculate the global structural behaviour of Anti-Sandwiches, at least up to a certain degree. The power of the proposed method in combination with the numerical solution approach is demonstrated for several case and parameter studies. In this regard, the optimal geometrical and material parameters to increase stiffness are analysed and the results for the kinematic and kinetic quantities are discussed. "

"This book collects selected full papers presented at the International Symposium on Energy Geotechnics 2018 (SEG-2018), held on 25th – 28th September 2018, at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL). It covers a wide range of topics in energy geotechnics, including energy geostructures, energy geostorage, thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical behaviour of geomaterials, unconventional resources, hydraulic stimulation, induced seismicity, CO2 geological storage, and nuclear waste disposal as well as topics such as tower and offshore foundations.The book is intended for postgraduate students, researchers and practitioners working on geomechanics and geotechnical engineering for energy-related applications."

"Kompleksitas masalah perkotaan telah menyebabkan tidak terakomodasinya kepentingan dasar warga kota. Sebagai reaksi atas model partisipasi demokratis kota Jakarta yang cenderung tidak inklusif serta fenomena ketidakadilan penataan ruang, gerakan akar rumput hadir untuk memperjuangkan hak atas ruang kota yang dimilikinya. Dalam rangka melengkapi studi-studi sebelumnya, penelitian ini berargumen; Pertama, kegiatan pengorganisasian yang berasal dari kelompok miskin kota guna mempertahankan ruang permukimannya tidak sekedar hanya dilihat sebagai hasil dorongan individual (survival), melainkan lebih bersifat politis. Kedua, pengorganisasian struktur gerakan yang berupa pengembangan jaringan menjadi faktor utama yang mendorong terciptanya mobilisasi dan dampak politis bagi suatu gerakan akar rumput kota. Penelitian ini mencoba menempatkan studi gerakan sosial kota dalam konteks analisa mikro-meso, dimana perubahan struktural kota merupakan implikasi dari aktivitas pengorganisasian yang dilakukan oleh antar aktor dalam mekanisme struktur gerakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumen untuk mendeskripsikan dinamika pengorganisasian struktur gerakan mempertahankan kampung kota yang terjadi di kampung Tongkol Kelurahan Ancol Kecamatan Pademangan Jakarta Utara.

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The complexity of urban problems has resulted in the inaccessibility of peoples’ basic interests. In reaction to the Jakarta’s democratic participation model that doesn’t inclusive enough and the phenomenon of spatial inequality, grassroots movements are present to claims their right to the city. In order to complement the previous studies, this study argues; First, the organizing activities that come from the urban poor communities to maintain their settlement are not only seen as the outcome of individual encouragement, but rather political. Second, structures’ movement organizing in the form of network development has become the main factor that encouraged the creation of mobilization and political impact for the urban grassroots movement. This study attempts to put the study of urban social movements in the context of micro-meso analysis, where urban structural change is the implication of the organizing activities undertaken by inter-actors in the mechanism of the movement structure. This study uses qualitative research methods, data collected through in-depth interviews, observations and document analysis to describe the dynamics of movement structures’ organizing that occurred in Kampung Tongkol, Ancol, Pademangan, North Jakarta as a part of citizens’ efforts to maintain their settlements."

"Penelitian ini membahas pengembangan komponen batang teleskopik penyusun struktur gunting pada bangunan hunian sementara. Struktur gunting memiliki keunggulan mudah dibangun dengan teknik lipat, mudah disimpan dan dipindah karena rangkaian struktur dapat dirubah dari konfigurasi kecil tertutup menjadi besar terbuka sehingga cocok menaungi kegiatan sementara dan kondisi darurat bencana. Permasalahan dimensi panjang batang membuat struktur sulit diterapkan karena batang panjang menyulitkan pengemasan dan batang pendek berdampak pada kekuatan rangkaian. Penerapan mekanisme teleskopik merupakan jawaban permasalahan karena memungkinkan batang untuk dipanjangkan dan dipendekkan. Tahap awal penelitian adalah simulasi kekuatan struktur dengan metode elemen hingga (FEM) menggunakan perangkat lunak komputer. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan purwarupa skala 1:1 untuk membuktikan cara kerja rangkaian struktur. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan rangkaian struktur dengan material besi hollow sebagai komponen batang dan PVC sebagai penutup atap memiliki nilai faktor keamanan > 3. Purwarupa dapat dibangun minimal oleh 6 orang tanpa peralatan khusus selama 46 menit. Volume purwarupa saat terlipat batang pendek sebesar 0,22 m3 dan saat terlipat batang panjang sebesar 0,34 m3 sehingga tercipta rangkaian struktur dengan volume 49 m3 dan luas 19,2 m2. Aspek yang terpenuhi dalam konteks hunian sementara antara lain kesesuaian dimensi, desain berorientasi lokal, mudah dipindahkan dalam hal dimensi, konstruksi sederhana dan fleksibilitas.

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The study discusses about developing of telescopic bars as component of scissor structures for temporary shelter. Scissor structure has the advantages of being easy to build using a folding mechanism, easy to stowed and move because the structures can be transformed from a small compact configuration to a large open one so it is suitable for sheltering temporary activities and disaster emergency conditions. Problems with the length dimensions of bars component make the structure difficult to implement because long bars make packing difficult and short bars impact the strength of the structures. Application of telescopic mechanism can solve the problem because it allows the bar to be lengthened and shortened. The first phase of the research is simulation strength of structure with finite element method (FEM) using computer software. Then proceeded with making a 1:1 scale prototype to prove the structure performance. The simulation proved that scissor structures with hollow steel material as bar components and PVC as roof cover has a safety factor value of > 3. The prototype can be built for 46 minutes by minimum 6 people without special equipment. The volume of prototype when folded short bars is 0.22 m3 and when folded long bars is 0.34 m3 so it resulted in structures with volume of 49 m3 and an area of ​​19.2 m2. Aspects that are met in the context of temporary shelter include adequate dimensions, local oriented design, easy to move in terms of dimensions, simple construction and flexibility."

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Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang memiliki banyak kekayaan dari bahan alam laut. Flora dan fauna laut terbukti menghasilkan senyawa kimia yang dapat menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif. Akan tetapi, hingga saat ini penelitian senyawa kimia bahan laut untuk menjadi kandidat obat masih minim sekali. Hal ini disebabkan belum tersedianya pangkalan data senyawa kimia bahan laut yang lengkap dan gratis untuk dilakukan penelitian in silico. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat pangkalan data senyawa kimia bahan laut yang lengkap dan gratis agar pangkalan data dapat membantu penelitian in silico untuk pengembangan obat baru dari bahan laut. Penelitian ini diawali dengan mengumpulkan data-data senyawa kimia bahan laut yang pernah dilakukan Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia. Kemudian dilakukan optimasi dan validasi struktur menggunakan metode MMFF94 dan AM1-BCC, pengumpulan parameter fisikokimia dan informasi ADME/T serta sumber referensinya. Setelah data-data ini berhasil dikumpulkan, dibuatkanlah basis data menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP/MySQL yang dapat diakses menggunakan website. Pangkalan data senyawa kimia bahan laut ini dapat diakses secara gratis melalui laman sementara  https://marine-db.vercel.app/ dan akan dipindah ke marinedb.herbaldb.info diharapkan dapat memperbanyak penelitian obat dari senyawa kimia bahan laut dilakukan.

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Indonesia is a country that consists of many island which has a lot of wealth from natural marine materials. Marine flora and fauna have been proven to produce chemical compounds that can produce bioactive compounds. However, until now research on chemical compounds from marine materials to become drug candidates is still minimal. This is due to the unavailability of a complete and free database of marine chemical compounds for in silico research. This research aims to create a complete and free database of marine chemical compounds so that the database can assist in silico research for the development of new drugs from marine ingredients. This research began by collecting data on chemical compounds from marine materials which had been carried out by the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia. Then optimization and validation of the structure were carried out using the MMFF94 and AM1-BCC methods, collecting physicochemical parameters and ADME/T information as well as reference sources. After this data has been collected, a database is created using the PHP/MySQL programming language which can be accessed using the website. The marine compound database temporarily accessible at https://marine-db.vercel.app/and will be migrated to marinedb.herbaldb.info is expected to improve drug discovery and development from marine bioactive compounds.

 

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"This book presents a theoretical approach that allows the analysis of structures with magnetorheological and electrorheological layers, and shows, with the help of examples, how the mechanical behaviour of thin-walled laminated structures can be influenced. It consists of six chapters:Chapter 1 presents a brief overview of derivation approaches for theories of thin-walled structures, modelling of composites and modelling of laminated and sandwich structures.Chapter 2 describes the equivalent single layer model for thin laminated cylindrical shells, including the special cases of plates and beams. In addition to the classical mechanical properties, it also considers the electrorheological and magnetorheological properties.Chapter 3 presents the elastic buckling of laminated beams, plates, and cylindrical shells, discussing various problems, such as the influence of the boundary conditions, external loading and magnetic fields. It also suggests different approximations for asymptotic methods.Chapter 4 focuses on the free vibrations of elastic laminated beams, plates and cylindrical shells, investigating the influence of the boundary conditions and other factors.Chapter 5 presents the latest results concerning vibration of laminated structures composed of smart materials and discusses in detail the influence of electric and magnetic fields on smart structures. These results provide insights into the optimal design of these structures.Lastly, Chapter 6 features a short appendix presenting asymptotic estimates and series."