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"Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat stres anak Autisme dengan intervensi Modul Pedagogi Visual dan Video Modeling ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ yang diukur dari kadar kortisol saliva. Desain penelitian berupa eksperimental klinis dan laboratoris dengan mengukur kadar kortisol saliva sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Subjek terdiri dari 20 anak usia 6-10 tahun yang telah didiagnosis Autisme oleh dokter spesialis anak atau psikiater, tidak terdapat riwayat penyakit sistemik, tidak terdapat gangguan pada penglihatan dan pendengaran, dapat mengikuti instruksi sederhana, serta belum pernah ke dokter gigi. Subjek dibagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok Modul Pedagogi Visual ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ dan Video Modeling ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’. Saliva diambil pada saat sebelum dan sesudah intervensi kemudian dianalisis di laboratorium untuk mengukur perbedaan kadar kortisol saliva. Hasil analisis tingkat stres anak autisme yang diukur dari kadar kortisol saliva menggunakan Uji Mann Whitney-U menunjukkan nilai median kadar kortisol saliva anak autisme pada kelompok intervensi Modul Pedagogi Visual ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ sebesar 0,0005 μg/mL dan nilai median kadar kortisol saliva kelompok intervensi Video Modeling ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ sebesar 0,0010 μg/mL. Hal ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang tidak bermakna secara statistik (p > 0,050) dalam tingkat stres anak autisme yang diukur dari kadar kortisol saliva pada kelompok intervensi Modul Pedagogi Visual dan Video Modeling 'Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi'. Hal ini menandakan efektivitas Video Modeling ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ untuk menurunkan tingkat stres anak autisme pada saat perawatan gigi sama dengan Modul Pedagogi Visual ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ yang diukur dari kadar kortisol saliva .

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The aim of this study was to determine the differences of the Visual Pedagogy Module and Video Modeling ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ intervention method in reducing stress levels in autism children measured by salivary cortisol levels during dental treatment. The study design was clinical and laboratory experimental by measuring salivary cortisol levels before and after the intervention. Subjects consisted of 20 children aged 6-10 years who had been diagnosed with Autism by a pediatrician or psychiatrist, had no history of systemic disease, had no impairment of vision and hearing, could follow simple instructions, and had never been to a dentist. They were divided into two groups based on the type of intervention: Visual Pedagogy Module ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ and Video Modeling ‘Berkunjung

ke Dokter Gigi’. Saliva was collected from the children before and after the interventions and analyzed in the laboratory to measure the differences of salivary cortisol concentration. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze salivary concentration differences in two intervention groups. The median values in the two intervention groups were 0,0005 and 0,0010 μg/mL. The stress levels measured by salivary cortisol levels showed that both Visual Pedagogy Module and Video Modeling ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ proven to be effective in decreasing the level of stress among the children with autism. No significant statistical difference in the delta values was observed between the two groups (p >.050). Both Visual Pedagogy Module and Video Modeling ‘Berkunjung ke Dokter Gigi’ are equally effective in reducing stress levels in children with autism measured by salivary cortisol levels."

"Pada penelitian ini dilakukan kepada pada Anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (GSA) yang mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan penurunan tingkat stress yang diintervensi video modeling dan modul pedagogi visual berkunjung ke dokter gigi melalui analisis kadar immunoglubulin A saliva. Studi ini merupakan penelitian cross- sectional-eksperimental klinis dan laboratoris dilakukan pengambilan saliva sebelum dan setelah intervensi untuk diukur kadar salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA). Subjek adalah 16 anak GSA berusia 6-10 tahun yang telah memiliki diagnosa dari dokter anak atau psikiater, tidak memiliki kelainan pada penglihatan dan pendengaran, maupun pernah menjalani koreksi pada penglihatan dan pendengaran sehingga tidak mengganggu kemampuan melihat dan mendengar, dapat mengikuti instruksi sederhana, belum pernah berkunjung ke dokter gigi. Subjek dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi Video modeling dan kelompok intervensi Modul PV-BDG, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 8 anak GSA. Analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk. Terdapat kenaikan kadar SIgA setelah intervensi Video PV- BDG. Rata-rata kadar SIgA setelah intervensi Video modeling dan modul PV-BDG adalah 35,35±22,67 dan -38,67±11,07. Video modeling lebih efektif dalam menurunkan stress pada saat perawatan gigi yang diukur dari perubahan kadar salivary immunoglobulinA

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The research is conducted on children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with aim is to determine the difference of stress level reduction which intervened by video modeling and the module of ”Pedagogi visual berkunjung ke dokter gigi” through analyis of salivary Immunoglobulin A level. This study is a cross-sectional- experimental and laboratory research that carried out salivary collection before and after the intervention to obtain the level of Salivary Immunoglobulin A (SIgA). The subjects are 16 children with ASD aged 6-10 years old who have had diagnosed by pediatrician or psychiatrist, neither have any abnormalities in vision and hearing nor have undergone correction in vision and hearing, so that they can follow simple instructions. They should also have never been visited the dentist before. Subjects are divided into 2 groups, they are the video modeling intervention group and the PV-BDG Module intervention group. Each group consists of 8 children with ASD. The data analysis utilizes Shapiro-Wilk normality test. It is found that SIgA level is increased after PV- BDG video intervention. The average level of SIgA after intervention of video modeling and PV-BDG module are 35.35±22.67 and -38.67±11.07. It is concluded that video modeling method is more effective in reducing stress level in dental care as measured by the changes of salivary Immunoglobulin Alevel."

"Meski populasi anak Indonesia menempati sepertiga dari keseluruhan populasi masyarakat Indonesia, kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa selama ini pemerintah lebih memusatkan pembangunan pada bidang ekonomi dan infrastruktur tanpa mempertimbangkan unsur kepentingan terbaik anak dalam pengambilan keputusan. Ini disebabkan rendahnya akses anak-anak terhadap pengambilan keputusan. Padahal suara anak berpotensi mengubah masa depan Indonesia. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan metode perolehan data berupa FGD dan in-depth interview. Melalui teori komunikasi partisipatif, partisipasi dan pemberdayaan anak, penelitian ini menggali dampak komunikasi partisipatif yang diimplementasikan dalam setiap fase program pembangunan RPTRA (Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak) Kembangan terhadap pemberdayaan anak.Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa meski pola komunikasi partisipatif ideal (Pemberdayaan) tidak terjadi di setiap fase program, namun potensi pemberdayaan anak tetap terjadi pada tataran ideal, yakni Youth-Adult Shared Control Participation Types: Pluralistic. Kualitas keterlibatan serta konsistensi pengambil kebijakan dan NGO pendamping untuk selalu menerapkan "kesetaraan" menjadi faktor kunci dalam pemberdayaan anak, yang terepresentasikan lewat kepercayaan diri untuk berani memutuskan solusi terbaik suatu persoalan sosial serta komitmen untuk melakukan aksi nyata bagi persoalan tersebut.

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Although the population of Indonesian children occupied one-third of the entire population in Indonesia, the fact shows that the government focuses more on the development of the economy and infrastructure all this time, without examining the best interests of the children?s element in decision making. This is due to lack of children's access toward decision making. Whereas potentially, the voice of children changes the future of Indonesia. This is a qualitative research by using data acquisition methods such as Focus Group Discussions and in-depth interview. These studies explore the impacts of participatory communication toward children's empowerment which are theoretically assessed in Participatory Communication and Youth Participation and Empowerment. The analysis is conducted on the participatory communication's approach pattern that comes to pass between the Government of DKI Jakarta (as the policy maker) and the Jakarta Children Forum (as the most affected party) in each phase (assessment, strategy design, implementation, and evaluation) of the RPTRA (Ruang Publik Terpadu Rumah Anak) Kembangan's development program.

The findings show that despite the ideal participatory communication patterns do not occur in every phase of the program, however the possibilities of children?s empowerment still occur at the ideal level, namely Youth-Adult Shared Control Participation Types: Pluralistic. The quality of the involvement with consistency of policy makers and NGO companion to always apply "equality" become the key factors in the children empowerment, which is represented through the confidence to be courageous to decide the best solution of a social issue and a commitment to perform concrete action toward the issue."

"The kindergarten as institution, as educational philosophy, and as social reform movement is among the most important contributions of Germany to the world. At first, however, Germany proved an inhospitable environment for this new institution, founded by the educator and philosopher Friedrich Frobel around 1840. After the failure of the 1848 Revolutions several German governments banned the kindergarten, alleging that it was a hotbed of subversion, largely because of its links to the eras movements for womens rights. German revolutionaries who were forced into exile introduced the kindergarten to America. In an era when convention limited middle class women to the domestic sphere, the kindergarten provided them with a rare opportunity, not only for professional work, but also for involvement in the social issues of education, child welfare, and urban reform. Through three generations, American and German women established personal friendships, institutional affiliations, and international organizations, many of which are still little known. This is a transnational history of the kindergarten as it developed in both Germany and America between 1840 and 1919. It shows how transnational contacts shaped national cultures. This is also a comparative history in which a common body of ideas and practices is shown adapting over time to two very different national environments. The issues raised in the nineteenth century are still important today. The provision of public preschool education an aim first developed by nineteenth-century kindergartners is still an unfinished and much discussed project in both the United States and Germany."

"This essay examines the historical conditions of the politics of pedagogy that have shaped the history of postcolonial higher education and attempts at producing countermovements to its subsequent institutionalization. I consider this in relation to pedagogical practices that reference creative forms in avant-garde art and theater. A genealogy of rethinking education through creative means can be traced back to the establishment of Nanyang University and the teaching of contemporary Asian literature by Han Suyin, with later artists such as Wong Hoy Cheong engaging with Paulo Freires ideas on learning in Wongs course on Third World aesthetics, Universiti Bangsar Utamas reimagination of the role that education could play in Kuala Lumpur during the 1998 Reformasi, and most recently Buku Jalans decentering of education. Finally, I consider the pedagogical stakes at hand by exploring the life story of a bookseller in Kelantan and his embodiment of a local cosmopolitanism."

"The relactive, future-oriented paper identifies eight trend/directions relevant to (language-) learning in the early part of 21st century: an unprecedented rate of change; an unprecedented richness of informattion"

"Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk nrengetahui bagaimana para pelaku culture jamming Dewan Kesepian Jakarta memandang meme sebagai bentuk pembelajaran kritis publik. Meme yang diteliti maknanya ialah meme yang bertemakan politik. Penelitian berusaha meneliti pandangan para pelaku culture jamming Dewan Kesepian Jakarta dengan metode wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian mengemukakan bahwa Dewan Kesepian Jakarta melakukan culture jamming karena dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan dan pengalamannya. Meme yang dibagikan oleh Dewan Kesepian Jakarta merupakan ubahan dari produk budaya sebelumnya. Tindakan culture jamming yang dilakukan oleh Dewan Kesepian Jakarta hanya berupaya untuk mengkritik kebijakan aktor politik formal dan Pemerintah. Para pelaku culture jamming mempercayai bahwa meme dapat menjadi pembelajaran kritis publik meski masih berada dalam ranah dunia maya.

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This stucly is a qualitative research that aims to determine how culture jamming actors of Dewan Kesepian Jakarta looheci meme as a form of critical public pedagogy. Memes studied its meaning are political themed memes. The study sought to assess the viewes of the of culture jamming actors at Dewan Kesepian Jakarta with in-depth interviews. The results of the study suggested that Dewan Kesepian Jakarta did culfure jamming as it is infiltrenced by education and experience. Meme shared by Dewan Kesepian Jakarta is a major change from previous cultural products. Culture jamming actions undertaken Dewan Kesepian Jakarta only seeks to criticize the policies of the formal political actors and the Governrnent. Culture jamming acttit s believe that menles can be a critical learning public although still in the realm of cyberspace."

"Dengan mempertimbangkan inklusivitas perempuan dan perkembangan dari representasi keragaman budaya di media Barat, Walt Disney Animation Studio telah mempromosikan identitas Asia Tenggara dan emansipasi perempuan dalam waralaba Disney’s Princess. Dengan mayoritas penontonnya adalah perempuan dari generasi muda, Disney memiliki tuntutan untuk menyajikan keragaman dan kesetaraan gender di layar kaca (Giroux & Pollack, 2010). Berdasarkan survei yang dilakukan terhadap delapan siswi SMP swasta Malang, penelitian ini menggunakan film Raya and the Last Dragon (2021) sebagai sarana untuk mendiskusikan tujuan hidup perempuan Asia Tenggara di era modern yang melampaui standar stereotip patriarki. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literasi kritis, survei dilakukan melalui esai jurnal dan pertemuan Zoom. Tulisan ini menganalisis tanggapan yang diberikan oleh para siswi setelah menonton film untuk mengetahui apakah film tersebut membantu untuk memahami penjelasan mengenai pandangan hidup dan cita-cita perempuan di Asia Tenggara dan apakah mahasiswa mampu bersikap kritis terhadap isu-isu terkait di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa tidak hanya mampu mengidentifikasi isu-isu terkait dengan ambisi perempuan Asia Tenggara yang tergambar secara implisit dalam film, tetapi juga mampu membangkitkan ambisi dan soft skill dalam kehidupan pribadi mahasiswa dengan menganalisis secara kritis film tersebut, berbagi pengalaman dan cita-cita, serta menjelaskan cara untuk mencapainya meskipun adanya tantangan yang akan ditemui.

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Taking women’s inclusivity and cultural diversity representation development in Western media into account, Walt Disney Animation Studio has promoted Southeast Asian identity and women emancipation in their Disney’s Princess franchise. With the majority of the audience of its franchise being the young female generation, Disney has been in demand to bring diversity and gender equality to the screen (Giroux & Pollack, 2010). Based on the survey conducted with eight Malang private middle school female students as respondents, the study utilized Raya and the Last Dragon (2021) as a tool to discuss the transcending patriarchal expectations of Southeast Asian women’s life purpose in the modern era. Using a qualitative research method with a critical literacy approach, the survey was conducted through journal essays and Zoom meetings. This paper analyzed the responses given by the students after they watched the film to find out whether the film helps to understand the explanations regarding women’s views of life and end goals in Southeast Asia and whether the students are able to be critical of these related issues in Indonesia. The finding showed that students were not only able to identify the issues related to Southeast Asian women’s life ambitions which have been portrayed implicitly in the film, but also to incite ambitions and soft skills in students’ personal life by critically analyzing the movie, sharing their future goals, and explaining the ways to achieve them despite the foreseeable challenges."

"Sejak publikasi buku International Relations on Film karya Robert W. Gregg pada tahun 1998, muncul sebuah tren analisis film dalam HI. Oleh karena itu, pola analisis film dalam HI perlu ditinjau lebih lanjut dalam sebuah tinjauan pustaka. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memetakan dan melacak pola analisis film dalam Ilmu Hubungan Internasional. Tinjauan literatur ini merujuk ke 68 bahan bacaan utama, yang terdiri dari 8 buku dan 60 artikel jurnal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode literature meta-analysis dimana penulis mengumpulkan detail-detail dari berbagai macam literatur dengan topik film dalam HI dan kemudian menyatukan hasilnya. Lewat metode tersebut, penulismengelompokkan literatur-literatur tersebut ke dalam lima kategori utama, yaitu: 1) Film sebagai Alat Pedagogi HI, 2) Film sebagai Objek Analisis HI, 3) Genre Film dalam Analisis HI, 4) Analisis Kawasan Industri Film Global, dan 5) Bahasan Minor dalam Analisis Film HI. Tulisan ini berusaha melihat perdebatan, konsensus, dan celahpenelitian dalam literatur film HI. Penulis menarik kesimpulan bahwa film memiliki relevansi yang semakin berkembang dalam ilmu dan praktik HI. Terlepas dari relevansi yang makin berkembang tersebut, penulis menilai bahwa film masih memiliki perjalanan yang panjang untuk menjadi tradisi analisis yang kuat.

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Since the publication of Robert W. Gregg`s International Relations on Film book in 1998, there has been a trend of film analysis in IR. Therefore, the pattern of film analysis in IR needs to be further reviewed in a literature review. This paper aims to map and track the patterns of film analysis in International Relations. This literature review refers to 68 main reading materials, consisting of 8 books and 60 journal articles. The research method used is the literature meta-analysis method in which the reseracher collects details from various

kinds of literature then unifies the results. Through this method, the literatures mentioned are grouped into five main categories, namely: 1) Film as an IR Pedagogy Tool, 2) Film as an Object of IR Analysis, 3) Film Genres in IR Analysis, 4) Analysis of the Global Film Industries, and 5) Minor Discussions in IR Film Analysis. This paper attempts to see the debate, consensus, and research gaps in IR film literatures. The author draws the conclusion that film has a growing relevance in IR. Despite the growing relevance, film still has a long way to go to become a strong analysis tradition."