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" Recognizing and Correcting Developing Malocclusions: A Problem-oriented Approach to Orthodontics provides an evidence-based approach to early treatment, an often-controversial topic. Based on decades of experience in clinical practice and education, Drs. Ara·jo and Buschang clearly present treatment protocols for mixed-dentition patients with various malocclusions and other orthodontic problems. Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions are covered extensively, along with eruptive deviations and open-bite malocclusions. The literature is comprehensively reviewed to ensure that the reader thoroughly understands the development, phenotypic characteristics, and etiology of each type of malocclusion. Taking a problem-oriented approach, the editors provide detailed information for each case, develop comprehensive problem lists, and then provide evidence-based treatment solutions. The clinical focus of the text is ideally suited for the private-practice clinician, with numerous --references and academic underpinnings to ensure its suitability for orthodontic and pediatric dentistry residents."

"Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan persepsi ortodontis dan orang awam Indonesia terhadap posisi bibir pada profil wajah orang Indonesia ras Deutero-Malayid. Metode: Posisi bibir pada foto profil wanita ras Deutero-Malayid dimodifikasi secara digital dalam arah anteroposterior terhadap garis E Ricketts sehingga diperoleh tujuh posisi bibir. Ketujuh foto ini kemudian dinilai oleh 24 ortodontis dan 24 orang awam wanita ras Deutero-Malayid berusia 25-55 tahun. Penilaian dilakukan dengan metode Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) dan pemilihan satu posisi bibir yang paling disukai. Hasil: Perbedaan persepsi ortodontis dan orang awam yang bermakna dapat ditemukan pada penilaian VAS posisi bibir atas -2 mm dan posisi bibir bawah 0 mm; posisi bibir atas +4 mm dan posisi bibir bawah +6 mm; sertaposisi bibir atas +6 mm dan posisi bibir bawah +8 mm. Baik ortodontis maupun orang awam memilih posisi bibir atas -2 mm dan posisi bibir bawah 0 mm sebagai posisi bibir yang paling disukai. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan persepsi ortodontis dan orang awam terhadap posisi bibir pada profil wajah dalam hal kekritisan penilaian namun terdapat kesamaan pemilihan posisi bibir.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the perception of Indonesian orthodontists and laypersons to various lip positions in Indonesian Deutero-Malayid facial profile.

Method: The lip position in a female Deutero-Malayid profile photo was digitally adjusted in anteroposterior direction from Ricketts' E-line to obtain seven lip positions. These seven photos were then assessed by 24 female orthodontists and 24 female laypersons (25-55 years). Assessment were done with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and selection of the most preferred lip position.

Result: Significant differences between perception of orthodontists and laypersons were found for upper lip -2 mm and lower lip 0 mm; upper lip +4mm and lower lip +6 mm; upper lip +6 mm and lower lip +8 mm. Orthodontists and laypersons selected upper lips -2 mm and lower lips 0 mm as the most preferred lip position.

Conclusion: There were significant differences between orthodontists' and laypersons' perception regarding evaluation criticality toward lip positions in facial profile. However, both groups show same preference for lip position."

"Persepsi merupakan suatu proses menyeleksi, mengatur dan menginterpretasikan berbagai masukan informasi sensorik untuk memperoleh pemahaman mengenai lingkungan. Beberapa penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi perbandingan persepsi estetika dental antara orang awam dengan ortodontis berdasarkan Aesthetic Component dari IOTN. Terdapatnya hasil yang masih berbeda-beda dari beberapa penelitian sebelumnya serta belum adanyapenelitian sejenis di Indonesia dengan latar belakang kultural yang berbeda menjadi alasan dilakukan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif crosssectional. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 42 responden.Setiap responden diminta untuk membandingkan enam foto intra oral pada lembar kuesioner terhadap foto dari Aesthetic Component.Enam foto intra oral pada lembar kuesioner tersebut diambil dari enam pasien, dengan keadaan tiap foto intra oral tersebut mewakili salah satu foto dari Aesthetic Component. Dari keenam foto intra oral pada lembar kuesioner yang dibandingkan terhadap keseluruhan foto dari Aesthetic Component, ditemukan satu foto yang memiliki perbedaan persepsi estetika dental antara orang awam dengan ortodontis, yaitu foto dengan keadaan deepbite. Sedangkan pada lima foto lainnya tidak terdapat perbedaan persepsi estetika dental antara orang awam dengan ortodontis. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan persepsi estetika dental antara orang awam dengan ortodontis pada hampir semua foto, kecuali satu foto dengan keadaan deepbite, yang dinilai berdasarkan Aesthetic Component dari IOTN.

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Perception is a process of selecting, organizing and interpreting the input of sensory information to gain acomprehensionabout environment. Several studies had been conducted to evaluate comparation of dental aesthetic perceptions between the lay personsand orthodontists based on the Aesthetic Component of IOTN. The results of those studies still had differenceswith some previous studies. Because of the differences in results and yet no studies had been done in Indonesia with a different cultural background, the author found it interesting to study the topic more deeply.

The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Each group consisted of 42 respondents whereas each respondent was asked to compare six intra oralimages on a questionnaire sheet to the photos of Aesthetic Component. The six intra oral images were taken from six patients that represented the Aesthetic Componentimages.

From six intra-oral images on a questionnaire that had been compared to the overall pictures of Aesthetic Component, there wasan imagewhich hadgiven a different perception of dental aesthetics between the lay personsand orthodontists. It was animage with deepbite condition. Meanwhile, the rest ofimageshad no different perception of dental aesthetics between lay personand orthodontists.

The overall results showed that there was no different perception of dental aesthetics between the lay personsand orthodontists, exceptone image with deepbite condition, which was assessed based on the Aesthetic Component of IOTN."