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"This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 37th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, MFCS 2012, held in Bratislava, Slovakia, in August 2012. The 63 revised full papers presented together with 8 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 162 submissions. Topics covered include algorithmic game theory, algorithmic learning theory, algorithms and data structures, automata, formal languages, bioinformatics, complexity, computational geometry, computer-assisted reasoning, concurrency theory, databases and knowledge-based systems, foundations of computing, logic in computer science, models of computation, semantics and verification of programs, and theoretical issues in artificial intelligence."

"This book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Similarity Search and Applications, SISAP 2012, held in Toronto, Canada, in August 2012. The 14 full papers presented in this volume, together with 2 demo papers and 2 invited talks, were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 submissions. The papers deal with many of the most relevant aspects of similarity searching and are organized in topical sections named, new scenarios and approaches, improving metric data structures, facing scalability issues, searching in specific spaces, and new similarity spaces."

"This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Rough Sets and Current Trends in Computing, RSCTC, held in Chengdu, China, in August 2012, as one of the co-located conferences of the 2012 Joint Rough Set Symposium, JRS 2012. The 55 revised full papers presented together with one keynote paper were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on rough sets and its applications, current trends in computing, decision-theoretic rough set model and applications, formal concept analysis and granular computing, mining complex data with granular computing, and data mining competition."

"This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology, RSKT 2012, held in Chengdu, China during August 2012, as one of the co-located conferences of the 2012 Joint Rough Set Symposium, JRS 2012. The 63 revised papers (including 42 regular and 21 short papers) were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on rough sets and its generalizations, rough sets in data and knowledge processing, knowledge technology, advances in granular computing (AGC 2012 workshop), decision-theoretic rough set model and applications (special session), intelligent decision making and granular computing (special session), rough set foundations (special session)."

"This state-of-the-art survey features topics related to the impact of multicore, manycore, and coprocessor technologies in science and for large-scale applications in an interdisciplinary environment. The papers cover issues of current research in mathematical modeling, design of parallel algorithms, aspects of microprocessor architecture, parallel programming languages, hardware-aware computing, heterogeneous platforms, manycore technologies, performance tuning, and requirements for large-scale applications. The contributions presented in this volume offer a survey on the state of the art, the concepts and perspectives for future developments. They are an outcome of an inspiring conference conceived and organized by the editors at the Karlsruhe Institute Technology (KIT) in September 2011. The twelve revised full papers presented together with two contributed papers focus on combination of new aspects of microprocessor technologies, parallel applications, numerical simulation, and software development; thus they clearly show the potential of emerging technologies in the area of multicore and manycore processors that are paving the way towards personal supercomputing and very likely towards exascale computing."

"This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Approximation and Online Algorithms, WAOA 2011, held in Saarbrücken, Germany, in September 2011. The 21 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. The volume also contains an extended abstract of the invited talk of Prof. Klaus Jansen. The Workshop on Approximation and Online Algorithms focuses on the design and analysis of algorithms for online and computationally hard problems. Both kinds of problems have a large number of applications in a wide variety of fields. Topics of interest for WAOA 2011 were: algorithmic game theory, approximation classes, coloring and partitioning, competitive analysis, computational finance, cuts and connectivity, geometric problems, inapproximability results, mechanism design, network design, packing and covering, paradigms for design and analysis of approximation and online algorithms, parameterized complexity, randomization techniques and scheduling problems."

"Nyeri punggung bawah acute merupakan keluhan terbanyak kelima di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di Amerika Serikat, dan 30% berkembang menjadi nyeri kronis. Sebesar 60-90% penduduk Amerika Serikat mempunyai keluhan nyeri punggung bawah, dan 50% diantaranya mengeluhkan nyeri yang berulang dalam satu tahun. Nyeri punggung bawah memiliki efek psikologis dan sosial terhadap pasien. Secara ekonomi nyeri punggung bawah ini membebani negara terkait biaya yang harus dikeluarkan dalam penanganan nyeri punggung bawah. Penilaian derajat nyeri penting dilakukan pada setiap pasien dengan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah dan American Pain Society menetapkan menyertakan nyeri sebagai tanda vital kelima dalam pemeriksaan terhadap nyeri punggung bawah sejak tahun 1990. Penilaian terhadap nyeri memberikan informasi yang lebih baik terhadap efek terapi, atau keberhasilan dari terapi nyeri.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil evaluasi derajat nyeri dengan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pada kasus nyeri punggung bagian bawah (low back pain) yang mendapat intervensi nyeri di Departemen Bedah Saraf RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta tahun 2012 -2014. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan desain Cross Sectional Analitik, terhadap data sekunder berupa data rekam medis pasien dengan kasus nyeri punggung bawah yang berkunjung ke poliklinik Bedah Saraf Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, dalam periode tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2014. Responden dalam penelitian ini berusia 17 tahun ke atas. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat.Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh 57,2% pasien nyeri punggung bawah yang mendapat intervensi nyeri berusia 40 - 59 tahun, dan 52,4% diantaranya berjenis kelamin perempuan. Dari hasil pemeriksaan MRI didapatkan 66,7% dengan gambaran protrusion diskus dengan penekanan. Sebesar 71,4% pasien mendapatkan terapi kombinasi LESI dan MBN dan 95,2% pasien yang mendapatkan intervensi nyeri mengalami perbaikan skala nyeri dan dapat bertahan sampai dengan 1 tahun. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara gambaran MRI dengan prosedur intervensi nyeri dan jenis nyeri, tapi terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis nyeri dengan prosedur intervensi nyeri.

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Acute lower back pain is the fifth most complaints in health care facilities in the United States, and 30% develop into chronic pain. Amounting to 60-90% of the US population has low back pain, and 50% of them complained of recurring pain in one year. Lower back pain has psychological and social effects on patients. Economically lower back pain is related to the state burdening costs to be incurred in the treatment of lower back pain. Assessment of the degree of pain is important in any patient with low back pain and the American Pain Society set to include pain as the fifth vital sign in the examination of lower back pain since 1990. Assessment of pain provide better information to the therapeutic effect, or the success of therapy pain.

This study aims to know the results of the evaluation of the degree of pain with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) in the case of lower back pain (low back pain) who received the intervention of pain in the Department of Neurosurgery Cipto Mangunkusumo in 2012 -2014. The study was conducted using Analytical cross sectional design, due to the secondary data from medical records of patients with low back pain who visited the clinic Neurosurgery Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta, in the period of 2012 to 2014. The respondents in this study aged 17 above. Analysis of data using univariate and bivariate analyzes. From the analysis of the data obtained 57.2% of patients with low back pain who received the intervention pain aged 40-59 years, and 52.4% of them were female.

From the results obtained 66.7% of MRI examinations with a disc protrusion with 71.4% of patients receive combination therapy LESI and MBN and 95.2% of patients who received the pain intervention experienced decreasing scale of pain scale and last up to 1 year. Multivariate analysis showed that there is no significant relationship between MRI image with pain interventional procedures and types of pain, but there is a significant relationship between the type of pain with pain interventional procedures."

"Latar belakang: Nyeri pasca bedah yang tidak terkontrol dapat menyebabkan perubahan klinis dan fisiologis yang terkait dengan peningkatan mortalitas, morbiditas dan biaya rawat serta menurunnya kualitas hidup pasien. Sebaliknya, penggunaan analgetik yang berlebihan dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya efek samping obat. Studi prospektif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan analgetik (jenis, dosis, frekuensi dan cara pemberian analgetik) dan menilai keadekuatan tatalaksana nyeri, tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap penatalaksanaan nyeri, efek samping dan interaksi obat analgetik pada pasien pasca bedah sesar emergency. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional prospektif pada pasien pasca bedah sesar emergency yang dirawat di ruang perawatan Departemen Kebidanan dan Kandungan Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSUPN-CM) dalam periode Juli 2015 - Januari 2016. Keadekuatan tatalaksana nyeri dinilai berdasarkan pain management index (PMI). Tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap tatalaksana nyeri dinilai menggunakan American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APSPOQ). Hubungan keadekuatan tatalaksana nyeri dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien dievaluasi dengan uji Fisher's exact. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian: Dari 92 pasien bedah sesar emergency yang dirawat di ruang inap RSUPN-CM, 80 pasien memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan menjadi subjek penelitian. Terdapat 19 pasien (8.7%) yang selama perawatan diberikan 2 jenis AINS secara bersamaan dan 28 analgetik (41.8%) yang pada hari pertama perawatan frekuensi pemberiannya kurang. Sebagian besar pasien masih merasakan nyeri dengan numeric rating scale (NRS)>3 dalam 24 jam pasca bedah:59 pasien (73.75%) merasakannya saat aktivitas dan 7 pasien (8.75%) saat istirahat. Median tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap penatalaksanaan nyeri selama di ruang perawatan berdasarkan skor APSPOQ adalah 7.50 (range 0-10). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kepuasan pasien dengan kontrol intensitas nyeri, baik saat beraktivitas (Fisher's exact test, p=0.537) maupun saat istirahat (Fisher's exact test, p=0.1616). Pada penelitian ini terdapat 2 potensi terjadinya interaksi obat yaitu ketoprofen dan natrium diklonefak dengan bisoprolol. Kesimpulan: Penatalaksanaan nyeri pasca bedah sesar emergency di RSUPN-CM masih optimal; sebagian besar (73.75% pasien) belum mendapatkan penatalaksanaan nyeri yang adekuat pada 24 jam pasca bedah, meskipun demikian, tingkat kepuasan pasien mencapai skor APSPOQ 7,50.

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Backgroud: Uncontrolled post-operative pain can cause clinical and physiological changes leading to increased mortality and morbidity and treatment cost and decreased quality of life. On the other hand, excessive analgetic use can increase the side effects of the drug. The objective of this study was to understand the using pattern of analgetic (type, doses, interval and analgetic used) and to evaluate the pain management of post-operative caesarean section emergency patients (pain intensity, the level of patients satisfaction to pain management, analgetic drug side effects, the appropriateness of pain management).

Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on patients after an emergency caesarean section and treated at The Department of Obstetry and Gynecology, National Center Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSUPN-CM) during July 2015 - January 2016. The adequacy of pain management were assessed with pain management index (PMI). Level of patient satisfaction to pain management were esesssed with American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APSPOQ). Relationship between level of patient satisfaction and pain intensity were assessed with Fisher's exact test. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 20.

Results: Out of 92 patients which have undergone emergency caesarean section and treated in RSUPN-CM, 80 patients fulfilled inclusion criteria. There were 19 patients (8.7%) that received 2 type of NSAIDs simultaneously with the total of 28 analgetics (41.8%) were given with interval of administration less than advised by the references during the first 24 hour of the treatment. Most of patients still experienced the pain during treatment with numeric rating scale (NRS) > 3 in first 24 hour post-operative: 59 patients (73.75%) had pain during movement and 8.75% (7 patients) during rest. The study median value of patient satisfaction with pain management was 7.50 (range 0-10). There is no relationship between level of patient satisfaction and pain intensity during movement (p=0.537) and during rest (p=0.161). There were 2 potential drug interaction, namely ketoprofen and sodium diclofenac with bisoprolol.

Conclusion: About 73.75% patients still experience post-operative pain which indicate that pain management of post-operative emergency caesarean section emergency in CM hospital was not yet adequate, However, level of patient's satisfaction with pain management reach the value of 7,5."

"Volume XV offers a number of research streams that have grown out of the seminal work by Zdzislaw Pawlak. The 4 contributions included in this volume presents a rough set approach in machine learning, the introduction of multi-valued near set theory, the advent of a complete system that supports a rough-near set approach to digital image analysis, and an exhaustive study of the mathematics of vagueness."

"ABSTRAKStudi ini mempelajari penjalaran gelombang seismik pada medium berlapis dengan metode state space model (SSM) pantulan normal (Ni) dalam domain waktu, dengan anggapan medium sebagai medium homogen isotropis dan tidak meredam gelombang.Seismogram sintetis state space model yang dihasilkan merupakan jumlah gelombang downgoing dan upgoing pada titik titik yang berbeda kedalainannya dan biasanya sebanding dengan interval ruang. Informasi titik kedalaman tidak dapat digunakan untuk menentukan persamaan keadaan, tetapi dengan menggunakan tambahan koefisien refleksi dari bidang batas baru dapat ditentukan persamaan keadaan. Adapun model elastik setiap lapisan dilukiskan oleh densitas dan kecepatan penjalaran gelombang.Pada tesis ini dikembangkan prosedur singkat untuk menghitung seismogram sintetis dan koefisien refleksi arah vertikal pantulan normal. Seismogram sintetis dibentuk oleh superposisi gelombang downgoing dan upgoing pada setiap posisi kedalaman (level) dibawah permukaan tanah. Dari plot trace seismik diberbagai kedalaman memperlihatkan pola gelombang downgoing dan upgoing yang menggambarkan karakteristik perlapisan medium."