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"This paper looks at the nature of data for lexicography and in particular on the central role that electronic corpora can play in providing it. Data has traditionally come from existing dictionaries, citations, and from the lexicographer’s own knowledge of words, through introspection. Each of these is examined and evaluated. Then the electronic corpus is considered. Different kinds of corpora are described and key design criteria are explained, in particular the size of corpus needed for lexicography as well as the issue of representativeness and sampling. The advantages and disadvantages of corpora are weighed and compared against the other types of data. While each of these has benefits, it is argued that corpora are a requirement, not an option, as data for dictionary making."

"The present paper focuses on the section in dictionary entries that gives the word class or part of speech of the headword. It first reviews the previous studies done in the field of lexicography on presenting the word class in dictionaries, then focuses on word class in Japanese, and introduces its major issues. This paper also reports a survey done by the authors to investigate the approach taken by existing bilingual dictionaries to deal with the problems of presenting the word class in Japanese dictionaries. This study analyzes the solutions provided by these dictionaries based on the needs of Japanese language learners. Finally, based on the survey, this paper makes concrete suggestions on how a Japanese learners' bilingual dictionary should present information on the word class of its headwords."

"This paper deals with Japanese deverbal nouns and their status in bilingual Japanese dictionaries, and tries to establish a link between linguistic research and applied lexicography. The research question is how deverbal nouns should be treated in bilingual dictionaries. This study reviews linguistic research done on Japanese deverbal nouns in the past decades and tries to make use of them in compiling dictionaries for language learners. In this study, we investigated four Japanese bilingual dictionaries to examine how they treat deverbal nouns and to reveal problems concerning this matter. Based on these observations and linguistic evidence, the present study suggests that deverbal nouns should not be eliminated from bilingual dictionaries and decisions on the way of presenting them in dictionaries should be based on factors such as corpus-based frequency data."

"Early-modern wordlists and dictionaries provide an underexplored area for etymological scholarship. By critically comparing different sources written under the aegis of the Dutch East India Company, often compiled by autodidacts who were unable to gain fluency, this article makes some generalizations about the etymology and contact history of early-seventeenth-century Malay. I demonstrate that the Dutch materials provide concrete instances to study lexical change, both phonologically and semantically. When used advisedly, the material also casts light on the nature of language contact in an era in which the Indo-Malayan Archipelago was at the nexus of trade networks connecting speakers of Arabic, Persian, Chinese, Portuguese, and various Indian and Indonesian languages. Finally, early-modern lexicography offers valuable data to reconstruct elements of the society being studied, including in the realms of religion, social hierarchies, and material culture."

"Different form many other name-giving possibilities in the world, in Indonesia parents are free to give their children any name they like. These names, many of which are auspicious in view of the child’s future, are often constructed by means of productive morphological procedures. Seven suffixes are followed through history and culture and their possibilities in making new names are explored. The suffixes concern the female –ingsih, –ingrum, –ingtyas, –ingdyah, –astuti, –wati, and the male –wan. Various ins and outs concerning these suffixes are explored and their attachments to various words from various word classes from Indonesian, Javanese and other language revealed. Cross-language name construction leads to trans-language creations that play a possible role in the constitution of Indonesian nation building. The procedures moreover seem to indicate trends away from the inclination to give children Muslim names."

"Different form many other name-giving possibilities in the world, in Indonesia parents are free to give their children any name they like. These names, many of which are auspicious in view of the child?s future, are often constructed by means of productive morphological procedures. Seven suffixes are followed through history and culture and their possibilities in making new names are explored. The suffixes concern the female ?ingsih, ?ingrum, ?ingtyas, ?ingdyah ?astuti, ?wati, and the male ?wan. Various ins and outs concerning these suffixes are explored and their attachments to various words from various word classes from Indonesian, Javanese and other language revealed. Cross-language name construction leads to trans-language creations that play a possible role in the constitution of Indonesian nation building. The procedures moreover seem to indicate trends away from the inclination to give children Muslim names."

"This paper looks at the nature of data for lexicography and in particular on the central role that electronic corpora can play in providing it. Data has traditionally come from existing dictionaries, citations, and from the lexicographer?s own knowledge of words, through introspection. Each of these is examined and evaluated. Then the electronic corpus is considered. Different kinds of corpora are described and key design criteria are explained, in particular the size of corpus needed for lexicography as well as the issue of representativeness and sampling. The advantages and disadvantages of corpora are weighed and compared against the other types of data. While each of these has benefits, it is argued that corpora are a requirement, not an option, as data for dictionary making."