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"Relations between Taiwan and the People's Republic of China have oscillated between outright hostility and wary detente ever since the Archipelago seceded from the Communist mainland over six decades ago. While the mainland has long coveted the island, Taiwan has resisted - aided by the United States which continues to play a decisive role in cross-strait relations today. In this comprehensive analysis, noted China specialist Steven Goldstein shows that although relations between Taiwan and its larger neighbor have softened, underlying tensions remain unresolved. These embers of conflict could burst into flames at any point, engulfing the whole region and potentially dragging the United States into a dangerous confrontation with the PRC Guiding readers expertly through the historical background to the complexities of this fragile peace, Goldstein discusses the shifting economic, political and security terrain, and examines the pivotal role played by the United States in providing weapons and diplomatic support to Taiwan whilst managing a complex relationship with an increasingly powerful China. Drawing on a wealth of newly declassified material, this compelling and insightful book is an invaluable guide to one of the world's riskiest, long-running conflicts."

"Studies on population dynamic have revealed that as thetrends and patterns cf demographic variables have changed thedistribution shapes may also change. In fertility. for example, thedecline in total fertility rates (TFR) may be followed by the shiftingin the age of childbearing which in turn distorting the shape offertility rates. Despite these facts, however, most forecastingdone in developing countries has traditionally assumed the constantpatterns of demographic variables, whereas the levels have changed(e.g. TFR and IMR). This study attempts to _fill this gap bycontributing an alternative scenario in forecasting demographicvariables. Using multiple data sources (census and surveys),assumptions for forecasting was constructed by incorporatingvariation in the age profile as well as in the level of demographiccomponents. Demographic models, which include the models ofdemographic schedules and Heighman-Pollard were applied. Thisstudy demonstrated how it is possible, using limited data thatavailable in Indonesia and in many developing countries, toconstruct alternative 'dynamic? scenarios. It has been done so byapplying some advanced demographic methods to indonesia data,and draw evidence from other, similar countries. An alternative'dynamic ' scenario was implemented by using the changes of levelsand patterns of demographic parameters over the forecastingperiod."

"Skripsi ini membahas pembangunan ekonomi Republik Cina di Taiwan periode 1972 - 1985. Pembahasan terutama dikaitkan dengan usaha-usaha Taiwan untuk mempertahankan keberlanjutan pertumbuhan ekonomi tinggi periode sebelumnya. Pada awal tahun 1970-an, struktur politik dan ekonomi internasional mengalami berbagai perubahan yang mempengaruhi kegiatan pembangunan ekonomi Taiwan. Tulisan ini melihat perubahan-perubahan yang mempengaruhi internal Taiwan dan dampaknya terhadap keberlanjutan pembangunan ekonomi pada masa kepemimpinan Chiang Ching-Kuo. Pembangunan ekonomi dalam tulisan ini dibahas dalam pengaruh tiga konsep teoritis yang saling berkaitan, yaitu kebijaksanaan product cycle Jepang, pengaruh sistem hegemoni terhadap Taiwan dan peran negara yang terbentuk dalam Bureaucratic-Autharitrian Industrial izing Countris. Ketiga konsep teoritis tersebut merupakan hasil sajian Bruce Cummings untuk membahas pembangunan ekonomi di negara-negara Asia Timur. Keberlanjutan pembangunan Taiwan cenderung sangat dipengaruhi oleh perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi dalam sistem politik dan ekonomi internasional. Perbahan-perubahan dalam tulisan ini dikaitkan pada penurunan sistem hegemoni Amerika Serikat. Untuk itu, penulis telah mengunakan kerangka pemikiran Robert Gilpin. Dalam pembahasan keseluruhan masalah ini, tampak bahwa Taiwan pada periode 1972 1985 menetapkan serangkaian kebijaksanaan yang memungkinkannya tetap dapat mempertahankan laju pembangunan ekonominya. Kebijaksanaan tersebut berlaku baik ke dalam dan ke luar. Ke luar, kebijaksanan Taiwan termasuk menjalin hubungan ekonomi dengan negara-negara di dunia tanpa harus melakukan hubungan diplomatik formal. Ke dalam, kebijaksanaan Taiwan meliputi pelaksanaan kebijaksanaankebijaksanaan yang dipandang tepat bagi keberlanjutan industrialisasi Taiwan serta memperluas dukungan-dukungan politik domestik dan kesatuan masyarakat Taiwan untuk menghadapi perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah soft power China dapat mempengaruhi pembentukan preferensi reunifikasi damai Taiwan. Ketika Taiwan mengalami resesi terburuk dalam sejarah oleh karena krisis ekonomi global pada tahun 2008, China menjadikan hal tersebut sebagai peluang untuk membantu permasalahan ekonomi Taiwan melalui Economic Corporation Framework Agreement (ECFA). Kerjasama ekonomi ini dimanfaatkan oleh China untuk mempengaruhi Taiwan melakukan apa yang diinginkan oleh China, yakni reunifikasi damai. Dalam penelitian ini, teori soft power Joshua Kurlantzick digunakan untuk membangun hipotesis, melakukan pengamatan sampai dengan menguji data. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan analisa data sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ECFA sebagai soft power China mampu mempengaruhi pembentukan preferensi reunifikasi damai Taiwan melalui pengakuan Taiwan terhadap prinsip One China. Dimana semakin ECFA memberikan manfaat bagi Taiwan, maka semakin tinggi pula preferensi reunifikasi damai Taiwan melalui pengakuan prinsip One China.

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ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to determine whether China?s soft power may affect Taiwan's preferences of peaceful reunification. As Taiwan suffered the worst recession in history due to global economic crisis in 2008, China saw ​​it as an opportunity to help Taiwan's economic problems through Economic Corporation Framework Agreement (ECFA). The economic cooperation is used by China to influence Taiwan to do what is desired by China, peaceful reunification. In this study, Joshua Kurlantzick?s soft power theory was applied to build the hypotheses, conduct observations and test the data. The author applied descriptive qualitative method by analyzing secondary data. Results from the study showed that the ECFA as China?s soft power was able to influence Taiwan preferences of peaceful reunification by recognition of One China principle. The higher ECFA benefits Taiwan, the higher Taiwan?s preference to peaceful unification through recognition of One China Principle."

"ABSTRACTIn order to set up a more effective mechanism for revitalizing the Hakka language, the Legislative Yuan passed the amendment of Hakka Basic Act on December 29th, 2017. The revised version of Act institutes Hakka language as the local and teaching language in those "major Hakka cultural areas" (Hakka villages). After examine the revision process of Hakka Basic Act, this paper finds that the revised Act follows the "Local Government Act" and established "Hakka cultural regional cooperation organizations" instead of adopting the idea of "Hakka cultural self-ruling body" advocated by Hakka Affairs Council. This result from both of Ministry of Interior and Hakka Affairs Council tend to build the cultural self-ruling mechanism under the framework of administrative regions, which is according to the article 24-1 of "Local Government Act". For providing references to domestic policy analysis, this paper, which employs the institution of Belgium as a case study, explores the autonomous area of language family and regional self-ruling body in Belgium by the approach of public policy theory and literature review. Moreover, this paper tried to propose a designation of "Hakka language community", which is based on the experience of ethnic self-ruling body in Belgium."

"Persaingan antara kaum Nasionalis dan kaum Komunis di Cina menyebabkan perpecahan di negara Cina. Berbagai pertempuran telah terjadi demi memperebutkan kekuasaan di negeri Cina. Kekalahan yang dialami oleh kaum Nasionalis memaksa mereka untuk melarikan diri ke pulau Formosa, atau yang lebih dikenal sebagai pulau Taiwan. Selain pulau Formosa, pasukan Nasionalis yang dipimpin oleh Chiang Kai Shek juga menduduki beberapa pulau lepas pantai di sekitarnya seperti pulau Matsu, Penghu, dan Kinmen. Pada tahun 1949, terjadi pertempuran di kepulauan Kinmen yang dikenal sebagai Pertempuran Guningtou. Pada pertempuran ini, kaum Nasionalis secara mengejutkan menang atas kaum Komunis. Pada penelitian ini, penulis mengkaji tentang pertempuran Guningtou yang dianggap sebagai bentuk keberhasilan kaum Nasionalis dalam mengamankan garis depan pertahanannya dari kaum Komunis. Penulis menggunakan metode historis sebagai metode penelitian dalam melakukan analisis terhadap topik dari tulisan ini.

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The rivalry between the Nationalists and the Communists in China caused disunion within China. Various battles have occurred for the sake of power in China. The defeat suffered by the Nationalists forced them to flee to the island of Formosa, or better known as the island of Taiwan. Apart from the island of Formosa, the Nationalist forces led by Chiang Kai Shek also occupied several offshore islands in the vicinity such as the islands of Matsu, Penghu, and Kinmen. In 1949, there was a battle on the Kinmen islands known as the battle of Guningtou. In this battle, the Nationalists surprisingly won over the Communists. In this research, the writer examines The Battle of Guningtou which is considered as a form of success by the Nationalists in securing their front line of defense from the Communists. The author uses the historical method as a research method in analyzing the topic of this paper."

"This research utilizes quantitative content analysis to explore how Hong Kong and Taiwan, two societies that are closely linked with China in geopolitics, use different China’s namings in their news reports, what the implications are, and what the different changes are in different periods. This research regards the media’s naming of China as part of the framing package, and explores how Hong Kong and Taiwan, as different discourse communities, construct different China’s namings (including: China, the CCP, the mainland, etc.) with varying meanings in different periods. This study collected a total of 2,771 samples of news reports on China in Hong Kong and Taiwan from 1977 to 2017. The results found that between the two periods, 1977- 1997 and 2007-2017, there were very significant differences and changes in the way various Chinese appellations were used in the news content of Hong Kong and Taiwan. The use of these names not only conveys the different evolution of relations with China, but also relates to the development of identities within societies in Hong Kong and Taiwan."

"Tulisan ini menganalisis mengapa suatu negara mengubah pendekatan kebijakan luar negerinya meskipun sudah menjalin hubungan diplomatik sejak lama. Sejak tahun 1983 Kepulauan Solomon telah menjalin hubungan diplomatik dengan Taiwan, namun pada tahun 2019 Kepulauan Solomon memutuskan hubungan diplomatiknya dengan Taiwan dan beralih ke Tiongkok meskipun telah menjalin hubungan diplomatik selama 36 tahun. Tesis ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deduktif. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori perubahan kebijakan luar negeri (foreign policy change) untuk menjelaskan perubahan kebijakan diplomatik Kepulauan Solomon dari Taiwan ke Tiongkok pada tahun 2019. Sumber-sumber perubahan yang dimaksud dalam teori ini adalah dorongan pemimpin, advokasi birokrasi, restrukturisasi demokrasi, dan guncangan eksternal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kepulauan Solomon memutuskan mengalihkan hubungan diplomatiknya dari Taiwan ke Tiongkok pada tahun 2019 didominasi oleh pengaruh dari sumber dorongan pemimpin, yang dalam hal ini adalah Perdana Menteri Kepulauan Solomon kala itu, yakni Manasseh Sogavare. Meskipun terdapat kritikan dari sumber-sumber perubahan lain, pengalihan hubungan diplomatik tersebut pada akhirnya tetap terlaksana pada masa pemerintahan Sogavare.

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This paper aims to analyse why a country changes its foreign policy approach despite having established diplomatic relations for a long time. Since 1983, the Solomon Islands had maintained diplomatic relations with Taiwan. However in 2019, the Solomon Islands decided to sever its diplomatic ties with Taiwan and shift to China, even after 36 years of diplomatic relations. This research uses qualitative methodology with deductive approach. The analysis in this study employs the theory of foreign policy change to explain the diplomatic shift of the Solomon Islands from Taiwan to China in 2019. The sources of change identified in this theory are leader-driven, bureaucratic advocacy, democratic restructuring, and external shocks. The results of this study show that the Solomon Islands' decision to switch its diplomatic relations from Taiwan to China in 2019 was predominantly influenced by the leader-driven factor, specifically by the Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands, Manasseh Sogavare. Despite criticisms from other sources of change, the diplomatic shift was successfully implemented during Sogavare's administration."