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"Skema Ponzi merupakan suatu metode memutar uang dan memanipulasi keuntungan yang sudah dikenal sejak lama dalam aktivitas di sektor keuangan khususnya dalam kegiatan investasi. Tesis ini pada pembahasan awal akan meninjau secara umum pengenalan terhadap skema ponzi dan bagaimana dapat menjadi suatu bentuk tindak pidana. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisa mengenai pengaturan pada sektor keuangan di Indonesia yang bersinggungan dengan praktik skema ponzi. Untuk kemudian penerapannya dianalisa melalui studi kasus terhadap tiga putusan pengadilan dalam perkara tindak pidana di sektor keuangan dengan metode serupa yakni skema ponzi, namun mendapat penanganan dan jerat pasal yang berbeda-beda. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah, pertama, skema ponzi kini sudah semakin berkembang dengan berbagai bentuk yang diatur sedemikian rupa untuk disesuaikan dengan produk-produk bank yang legal sehingga berdampak pada meningkatnya kejahatan di bidang investasi dan besarnya kerugian yang sudah ditimbulkan dari penggunaan skema ini. Kedua, ketiadaan payung hukum di Indonesia yang secara tegas mengatur tentang skema ponzi menjadi alasan utama dari semua persoalan ini. Ketiga, kekosongan hukum ini juga menimbulkan kebingungan pada Aparat Penegak Hukum serta disparitas dalam pemidanaan. Keadaan ini membuat para penegak hukum cenderung menggunakan pasal yang berbeda-beda saat menindak laporan kegiatan investasi yang setelah ditelaah menggunakan skema ponzi. Melalui analisa pada beberapa putusan di penelitian ini, dapat terlihat Hakim di tingkatan yang berbeda dalam pertimbangannya pun dapat memiliki pemahaman yang jauh berbeda terlebih dalam batasan ranah perdata dan pidana dalam penerapan skema ponzi.

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A Ponzi scheme is a method of spinning money and manipulating profits that has been known for a long time in activities in the financial sector, especially in investment activities. In the first analysis, this thesis will review the general introduction of Ponzi schemes and how they can become a form of criminal act. Then it continues with an analysis of regulations in the financial sector in Indonesia which relate to the practice of Ponzi schemes. Then its application is analyzed through a case study of three court decisions in criminal cases in the financial sector using a similar method, Ponzi scheme, but received different handling and articles. The conclusions of this research are, first, Ponzi schemes are now increasingly developing in various forms which are regulated in such a way as to be adapted to legal bank products so that they have an impact on increasing crime in the investment sector and the large losses that have been incurred from the use of this scheme. Second, the absence of a legal protection in Indonesia that strictly regulates Ponzi schemes is the main reason for all these problems. Third, this lawlessness also creates confusion among law enforcement officials and disparities in punishment. This situation makes law enforcers tend to use different articles when taking action against reports of investment activities which, after being investigated, use Ponzi schemes. Through analysis of several decisions in this research, it can be seen that judges at different levels in their deliberations can also have very different understandings, especially regarding the boundaries of the civil and criminal domains in implementing Ponzi schemes."

"This study aims to analyze: (1) the financial independence and commitment of health services in the region; (2) the potential for growth in supporting health services in the region; and (3) the relationship pattern between financial independence and regional potential for growth to achieve the goal of fulfilling health service commitments in the region. This research is explanatory research using a quantitative approach. The results show that: (1) the average level of financial independence of regencies/cities in South Sulawesi Province fall under the high category and relatively independent in terms of source and allocation of regional budgets; (2) the average growth of all regencies/cities in South Sulawesi Province shows positive figures which implies that the prospect of their economic growth has accelerated along with several problems in each regency/city; (3) some regencies/cities with large APBD do not have an increased allocation of resources for health expenditure. On the contrary, some regencies/cities that fall under the category of low budget and financial independence have a better commitment to health service and expenditure. In addition, almost all regencies/cities categorized as having good potential for growth ended up having low performance in health expenditure. The local government has carried out fiscal decentralization, which is defined as the freedom for regions in carrying out policies related to budget politics in the region. Notwithstanding the preceding, the role of the central government is still greatly expected to advocate for the improvement of health expenditure quality."