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"This tells of how lawyer Chris Howse, was employed by some Aboriginal men to seek out injustices to Aboriginal people. And how, with a four-wheel-drive, rented office and no secretarial help, brought to conclusion more than thirty pieces of litigation on."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang pengaruh komponen ? komponen geopolitik yaitu wilayah, energi dan power terhadap sengketa teritorial di Laut China Selatan antara China dan Vietnam periode 2009 - 2011. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatif untuk menjelaskan hubungan kausalitas antar variabel serta menggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan.Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ketiga komponen geopolitik mempengaruhi sengketa teritorial di Laut China Selatan . Pertama, komponen wilayah yang dijelaskan melalui kedekatan geografis dan panjang garis pantai menunjukkan adanya klaim kepemilikan dan tingkat resiko bagi apabila terjadi sengketa di kawasan tersebut. Kedua, komponen energi yang dijelaskan melalui pengukuran tingkat pemenuhan kebutuhan energi menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya tingkat pemenuhan kebutuhan energi mempengaruhi eskalasi konflik akibat eksplorasi energi di kawasan yang masih menjadi sengketa. Sedangkan komponen power, kapabilitas militer yang kuat menimbulkan peningkatan agresivitas China ? Vietnam untuk mengklaim kawasan LCS. Selain itu, strategi China ? Vietnam untuk mempertahankan klaim juga mempengaruhi hubungan konfliktual di antara kedua negara ini.

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The focus of this study is analyzing the impact of the components of geopolitics i.e. territory, energy and power toward the territorial dispute between China and Vietnam in the South China Sea at the period of 2009 - 2011. This study is quantitative research that aims to analyze the causal relationship between each variable.This study summarize that the component of geopolitics give impact to the conflict escalation in the South China Sea dispute between Vietnam and China. In terms of territory, the geographic proximity and the coastline have explained the ownership claim and the country's risk should the dispute escalate into large-scale conflict or even war. In terms of energy, the rate of energy sufficiency ability gives impact to the dispute since it will cause a country to explore the disputed area in order to fulfill the energy demand. And in terms of power, the military capability has been the basis for China-Vietnam to act aggressively in the South China Sea. In addition, China ? Vietnam have also chosen different strategies to maintain their claims that in turns gives impact to the conflicting relationship among them.;The focus of this study is analyzing the impact of the components of geopolitics i.e. territory, energy and power toward the territorial dispute between China and Vietnam in the South China Sea at the period of 2009 ? 2011. This study is quantitative research that aims to analyze the causal relationship between each variable. This study summarize that the component of geopolitics give impact to the conflict escalation in the South China Sea dispute between Vietnam and China. In terms of territory, the geographic proximity and the coastline have explained the ownership claim and the country‟s risk should the dispute escalate into large-scale conflict or even war. In terms of energy, the rate of energy sufficiency ability gives impact to the dispute since it will cause a country to explore the disputed area in order to fulfill the energy demand. And in terms of power, the military capability has been the basis for China-Vietnam to act aggressively in the South China Sea. In addition, China ? Vietnam have also chosen different strategies to maintain their claims that in turns gives impact to the conflicting relationship among them."

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Fungsi advisory adalah salah satu fungsi yang dimiliki oleh Mahkamah Internasional sebagai organ utama PBB. Terdapat perkembangan untuk membahas pertanyaan hukum yang terkait sengketa berjalan melalui fungsi advisory meski memiliki karakteristik contentious. Perbedaan antara dua fungsi ini adalah signfikansi dari prinsip state consent sebagai landasan. Terdapat dua pandangan bertentangan terkait kedudukan prinsip state consent dalam advisory opinion terkait sengketa berjalan. Pandangan pro state consent menekankan pada kaitannya dengan prinsip international obligation, compliance, dan prinsip yudisial dengan karakteristik serupa yakni res judicata dan lis pendens. Di sisi lain, pandangan yang mengesampingkan state consent menegaskan pada urgensi pada isu tertentu yang berkaitan dengan tujuan PBB sebagai organisasi, salah satunya mengenai isu dekolonialisasi dan pendapat Mahkamah Internasional sebelumnya bahwa state consent tidak dibutuhkan dalam yurisdiksi advisory. Setelah melakukan penelitian dengan metode studi pustaka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembahasan suatu sengketa berjalan dalam advisory opinion harus dilihat secara kasus per kasus, dari perumusan pertanyaan hukum yang diajukan, ada tidaknya isu terkait perdamaian dan keamanan dunia, serta keanggotaan dari negara pihak dalam PBB, untuk dapat menentukan dicederainya prinsip state consent. Dalam Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965, terdapat isu dekolonialisasi yang belum terselesaikan karena terdapat pemisahan paksa antara Kepulauan Chagos dengan Mauritius. Selain itu, Mauritius dan Inggris Raya merupakan anggota PBB, yang mana artinya telah memberikan state consent fondasional terhadap yurisdiksi Mahkamah Internasional. Adapun saran yang dapat diberikan adalah perlu adanya ketentuan lebih mendetail bagi pelaksanaan fungsi advisory opinion, terutama dalam hal pertanyaan tersebut berkaitan erat dengan sengketa berjalan.

 

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The advisory function is one of the functions upheld by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) as one of the principle organs of the United Nations (UN). There is a trend to discuss legal questions related to pending disputes through the advisory function despite having contentious characteristics, where the two functions share different significance of the principle of state consent. The pro state consent view emphasizes its relation to the principles of international obligation, compliance, and judicial principles such as res judicata and lis pendens. The opposing view refers to the mandate of UN to maintain international peace and a previous ICJ opinion which points out that state consent is not required in the advisory jurisdiction. It can be concluded that advisory opinion on pending disputes must be seen on a case-by-case basis; from the formulation of the questions, its relation to international peace, as well as the state membership to the UN, to determine the role of state consent. In the Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965, there is an unresolved issue of decolonialism due to the forced separation between the Chagos Islands and Mauritius. In addition, Mauritius and the United Kingdom are members of the UN, which means they have given their foundational state consent to the jurisdiction of the ICJ. The recommendation that can be given is the need for more detailed provisions for the implementation of the advisory opinion function, especially related to a pending dispute.

 

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"Buku ini ditulis oleh Kang Jun-Sik. Buku ini berisi fakta-fakta mengenai pulau Dokdo yaitu pulau yang selama ini menjadi sengketa antara Korea dan Jepang. Buku ini akan mengungkap apakah Dokdo milik Korea atau Jepang."